|
public MkBitVecSort ( uint size ) : |
||
| size | uint | |
| Résultat | ||
public void Run()
{
using (Context ctx = new Context()) {
var s = ctx.MkFixedpoint();
BoolSort B = ctx.BoolSort;
Sort BV8 = ctx.MkBitVecSort(8);
FuncDecl edge = ctx.MkFuncDecl("edge", new Sort[]{BV8, BV8}, B);
FuncDecl path = ctx.MkFuncDecl("path", new Sort[]{BV8, BV8}, B);
BitVecExpr x = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkBound(0,BV8);
BitVecExpr y = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkBound(1,BV8);
BitVecExpr z = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkBound(2,BV8);
s.RegisterRelation(edge);
s.RegisterRelation(path);
s.AddRule(ctx.MkImplies((BoolExpr)edge[x,y],(BoolExpr)path[x,y]));
s.AddRule(ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkAnd((BoolExpr)path[x,y],(BoolExpr)path[y,z]),
(BoolExpr)path[x,z]));
for (uint i = 0; i < 128; ++i) {
s.AddFact(edge, i, i+1);
}
Console.WriteLine(s.Query((BoolExpr)path[ctx.MkBV(0,8),ctx.MkBV(129,8)]));
Console.WriteLine(s.GetAnswer());
Console.WriteLine(s.Query((BoolExpr)path[ctx.MkBV(0,8),ctx.MkBV(128,8)]));
Console.WriteLine(s.GetAnswer());
Console.WriteLine(s.Query((BoolExpr)path[x,ctx.MkBV(20,8)]));
Console.WriteLine(s.GetAnswer());
Console.WriteLine(s.Query(ctx.MkAnd((BoolExpr)path[x,y],
(BoolExpr)path[y,ctx.MkBV(20,8)])));
Console.WriteLine(s.GetAnswer());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Z3 expr to C# pretty printer
/// </summary>
public CSPrettyPrinter(Context z3)
{
this.charSort = z3.MkBitVecSort(16);
this.tt = z3.MkBool(true);
this.ff = z3.MkBool(false);
this.encoding = 16;
}
public void Run()
{
using (Context ctx = new Context()) {
var s = ctx.MkFixedpoint();
BoolSort B = ctx.BoolSort;
Sort BV8 = ctx.MkBitVecSort(8);
FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", BV8, B);
FuncDecl g = ctx.MkFuncDecl("g", BV8, B);
BitVecExpr b0 = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkBound(0,BV8);
s.RegisterRelation(f);
s.RegisterRelation(g);
s.AddRule((BoolExpr)f[b0]);
BitVecExpr mask0 = ctx.MkBV(0xFE,8);
BoolExpr even = ctx.MkEq(b0,ctx.MkBVAND(b0,mask0));
s.AddRule(ctx.MkImplies(ctx.MkAnd((BoolExpr)f[b0],even), (BoolExpr)g[b0]));
Console.WriteLine(s.Query((BoolExpr)g[b0]));
Console.WriteLine(s.GetAnswer());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple bit-vector example.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This example disproves that x - 10 <= 0 IFF x <= 10 for (32-bit) machine integers
/// </remarks>
public static void BitvectorExample1()
{
var ctx = new Z3.Context();
using var svc = Z3Api.Own(ctx);
var bv_type = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
var x = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkConst("x", bv_type);
var zero = (BitVecNum)ctx.MkNumeral("0", bv_type);
BitVecNum ten = ctx.MkBV(10, 32);
BitVecExpr x_minus_ten = ctx.MkBVSub(x, ten);
/* bvsle is signed less than or equal to */
BoolExpr c1 = ctx.MkBVSLE(x, ten);
BoolExpr c2 = ctx.MkBVSLE(x_minus_ten, zero);
BoolExpr thm = ctx.MkIff(c1, c2);
print("disprove: x - 10 <= 0 IFF x <= 10 for (32-bit) machine integers");
Disprove(ctx, thm);
}
/// <summary>
/// Some basic expression casting tests.
/// </summary>
static void CastingTest(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("CastingTest");
Sort[] domain = { ctx.BoolSort, ctx.BoolSort };
FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl("f", domain, ctx.BoolSort);
AST upcast = ctx.MkFuncDecl(ctx.MkSymbol("q"), domain, ctx.BoolSort);
try
{
FuncDecl downcast = (FuncDecl)f; // OK
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
throw new TestFailedException();
}
try
{
Expr uc = (Expr)upcast;
throw new TestFailedException(); // should not be reachable!
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
}
Symbol s = ctx.MkSymbol(42);
IntSymbol si = s as IntSymbol;
if (si == null) throw new TestFailedException();
try
{
IntSymbol si2 = (IntSymbol)s;
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
throw new TestFailedException();
}
s = ctx.MkSymbol("abc");
StringSymbol ss = s as StringSymbol;
if (ss == null) throw new TestFailedException();
try
{
StringSymbol ss2 = (StringSymbol)s;
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
throw new TestFailedException();
}
try
{
IntSymbol si2 = (IntSymbol)s;
throw new TestFailedException(); // unreachable
}
catch
{
}
Sort srt = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
BitVecSort bvs = null;
try
{
bvs = (BitVecSort)srt;
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
throw new TestFailedException();
}
if (bvs.Size != 32)
throw new TestFailedException();
Expr q = ctx.MkAdd(ctx.MkInt(1), ctx.MkInt(2));
Expr q2 = q.Args[1];
Sort qs = q2.Sort;
if (qs as IntSort == null)
throw new TestFailedException();
try
{
IntSort isrt = (IntSort)qs;
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
throw new TestFailedException();
}
AST a = ctx.MkInt(42);
Expr ae = a as Expr;
if (ae == null) throw new TestFailedException();
ArithExpr aae = a as ArithExpr;
if (aae == null) throw new TestFailedException();
IntExpr aie = a as IntExpr;
if (aie == null) throw new TestFailedException();
IntNum ain = a as IntNum;
if (ain == null) throw new TestFailedException();
Expr[][] earr = new Expr[2][];
earr[0] = new Expr[2];
earr[1] = new Expr[2];
earr[0][0] = ctx.MkTrue();
earr[0][1] = ctx.MkTrue();
earr[1][0] = ctx.MkFalse();
earr[1][1] = ctx.MkFalse();
foreach (Expr[] ea in earr)
foreach (Expr e in ea)
{
try
{
Expr ns = ctx.MkNot((BoolExpr)e);
BoolExpr ens = (BoolExpr)ns;
}
catch (InvalidCastException)
{
throw new TestFailedException();
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Some basic tests.
/// </summary>
static void BasicTests(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("BasicTests");
Symbol qi = ctx.MkSymbol(1);
Symbol fname = ctx.MkSymbol("f");
Symbol x = ctx.MkSymbol("x");
Symbol y = ctx.MkSymbol("y");
Sort bs = ctx.MkBoolSort();
Sort[] domain = { bs, bs };
FuncDecl f = ctx.MkFuncDecl(fname, domain, bs);
Expr fapp = ctx.MkApp(f, ctx.MkConst(x, bs), ctx.MkConst(y, bs));
Expr[] fargs2 = { ctx.MkFreshConst("cp", bs) };
Sort[] domain2 = { bs };
Expr fapp2 = ctx.MkApp(ctx.MkFreshFuncDecl("fp", domain2, bs), fargs2);
BoolExpr trivial_eq = ctx.MkEq(fapp, fapp);
BoolExpr nontrivial_eq = ctx.MkEq(fapp, fapp2);
Goal g = ctx.MkGoal(true);
g.Assert(trivial_eq);
g.Assert(nontrivial_eq);
Console.WriteLine("Goal: " + g);
Solver solver = ctx.MkSolver();
foreach (BoolExpr a in g.Formulas)
solver.Assert(a);
if (solver.Check() != Status.SATISFIABLE)
throw new TestFailedException();
ApplyResult ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("simplify"), g);
if (ar.NumSubgoals == 1 && (ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat || ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat))
throw new TestFailedException();
ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat)
throw new TestFailedException();
g.Assert(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkNumeral(1, ctx.MkBitVecSort(32)),
ctx.MkNumeral(2, ctx.MkBitVecSort(32))));
ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat)
throw new TestFailedException();
Goal g2 = ctx.MkGoal(true, true);
ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g2);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat)
throw new TestFailedException();
g2 = ctx.MkGoal(true, true);
g2.Assert(ctx.MkFalse());
ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g2);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat)
throw new TestFailedException();
Goal g3 = ctx.MkGoal(true, true);
Expr xc = ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x"), ctx.IntSort);
Expr yc = ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("y"), ctx.IntSort);
g3.Assert(ctx.MkEq(xc, ctx.MkNumeral(1, ctx.IntSort)));
g3.Assert(ctx.MkEq(yc, ctx.MkNumeral(2, ctx.IntSort)));
BoolExpr constr = ctx.MkEq(xc, yc);
g3.Assert(constr);
ar = ApplyTactic(ctx, ctx.MkTactic("smt"), g3);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedUnsat)
throw new TestFailedException();
ModelConverterTest(ctx);
// Real num/den test.
RatNum rn = ctx.MkReal(42, 43);
Expr inum = rn.Numerator;
Expr iden = rn.Denominator;
Console.WriteLine("Numerator: " + inum + " Denominator: " + iden);
if (inum.ToString() != "42" || iden.ToString() != "43")
throw new TestFailedException();
if (rn.ToDecimalString(3) != "0.976?")
throw new TestFailedException();
BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("-1231231232/234234333"));
BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("-123123234234234234231232/234234333"));
BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("-234234333"));
BigIntCheck(ctx, ctx.MkReal("234234333/2"));
string bn = "1234567890987654321";
if (ctx.MkInt(bn).BigInteger.ToString() != bn)
throw new TestFailedException();
if (ctx.MkBV(bn, 128).BigInteger.ToString() != bn)
throw new TestFailedException();
if (ctx.MkBV(bn, 32).BigInteger.ToString() == bn)
throw new TestFailedException();
// Error handling test.
try
{
IntExpr i = ctx.MkInt("1/2");
throw new TestFailedException(); // unreachable
}
catch (Z3Exception)
{
}
}
/// <summary>
/// A simple array example.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ctx"></param>
static void ArrayExample1(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("ArrayExample1");
Goal g = ctx.MkGoal(true);
ArraySort asort = ctx.MkArraySort(ctx.IntSort, ctx.MkBitVecSort(32));
ArrayExpr aex = (ArrayExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("MyArray"), asort);
Expr sel = ctx.MkSelect(aex, ctx.MkInt(0));
g.Assert(ctx.MkEq(sel, ctx.MkBV(42, 32)));
Symbol xs = ctx.MkSymbol("x");
IntExpr xc = (IntExpr)ctx.MkConst(xs, ctx.IntSort);
Symbol fname = ctx.MkSymbol("f");
Sort[] domain = { ctx.IntSort };
FuncDecl fd = ctx.MkFuncDecl(fname, domain, ctx.IntSort);
Expr[] fargs = { ctx.MkConst(xs, ctx.IntSort) };
IntExpr fapp = (IntExpr)ctx.MkApp(fd, fargs);
g.Assert(ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkAdd(xc, fapp), ctx.MkInt(123)));
Solver s = ctx.MkSolver();
foreach (BoolExpr a in g.Formulas)
s.Assert(a);
Console.WriteLine("Solver: " + s);
Status q = s.Check();
Console.WriteLine("Status: " + q);
if (q != Status.SATISFIABLE)
throw new TestFailedException();
Console.WriteLine("Model = " + s.Model);
Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of MyArray:\n" + s.Model.FuncInterp(aex.FuncDecl));
Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of x:\n" + s.Model.ConstInterp(xc));
Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of f:\n" + s.Model.FuncInterp(fd));
Console.WriteLine("Interpretation of MyArray as Term:\n" + s.Model.FuncInterp(aex.FuncDecl));
}
public static void FloatingPointExample2(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("FloatingPointExample2");
FPSort double_sort = ctx.MkFPSort(11, 53);
FPRMSort rm_sort = ctx.MkFPRoundingModeSort();
FPRMExpr rm = (FPRMExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("rm"), rm_sort);
BitVecExpr x = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("x"), ctx.MkBitVecSort(64));
FPExpr y = (FPExpr)ctx.MkConst(ctx.MkSymbol("y"), double_sort);
FPExpr fp_val = ctx.MkFP(42, double_sort);
BoolExpr c1 = ctx.MkEq(y, fp_val);
BoolExpr c2 = ctx.MkEq(x, ctx.MkFPToBV(rm, y, 64, false));
BoolExpr c3 = ctx.MkEq(x, ctx.MkBV(42, 64));
BoolExpr c4 = ctx.MkEq(ctx.MkNumeral(42, ctx.RealSort), ctx.MkFPToReal(fp_val));
BoolExpr c5 = ctx.MkAnd(c1, c2, c3, c4);
Console.WriteLine("c5 = " + c5);
/* Generic solver */
Solver s = ctx.MkSolver();
s.Assert(c5);
Console.WriteLine(s);
if (s.Check() != Status.SATISFIABLE)
throw new TestFailedException();
Console.WriteLine("OK, model: {0}", s.Model.ToString());
}
/// <summary>
/// Demonstrate how to use <code>Push</code>and <code>Pop</code>to
/// control the size of models.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>Note: this test is specialized to 32-bit bitvectors.</remarks>
public static void CheckSmall(Context ctx, Solver solver, BitVecExpr[] to_minimize)
{
Sort bv32 = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
int num_Exprs = to_minimize.Length;
UInt32[] upper = new UInt32[num_Exprs];
UInt32[] lower = new UInt32[num_Exprs];
BitVecExpr[] values = new BitVecExpr[num_Exprs];
for (int i = 0; i < upper.Length; ++i)
{
upper[i] = UInt32.MaxValue;
lower[i] = 0;
}
bool some_work = true;
int last_index = -1;
UInt32 last_upper = 0;
while (some_work)
{
solver.Push();
bool check_is_sat = true;
while (check_is_sat && some_work)
{
// Assert all feasible bounds.
for (int i = 0; i < num_Exprs; ++i)
{
solver.Assert(ctx.MkBVULE(to_minimize[i], ctx.MkBV(upper[i], 32)));
}
check_is_sat = Status.SATISFIABLE == solver.Check();
if (!check_is_sat)
{
if (last_index != -1)
{
lower[last_index] = last_upper + 1;
}
break;
}
Console.WriteLine("{0}", solver.Model);
// narrow the bounds based on the current model.
for (int i = 0; i < num_Exprs; ++i)
{
Expr v = solver.Model.Evaluate(to_minimize[i]);
UInt64 ui = ((BitVecNum)v).UInt64;
if (ui < upper[i])
{
upper[i] = (UInt32)ui;
}
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", i, lower[i], upper[i]);
}
// find a new bound to add
some_work = false;
last_index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < num_Exprs; ++i)
{
if (lower[i] < upper[i])
{
last_upper = (upper[i] + lower[i]) / 2;
last_index = i;
solver.Assert(ctx.MkBVULE(to_minimize[i], ctx.MkBV(last_upper, 32)));
some_work = true;
break;
}
}
}
solver.Pop();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Find x and y such that: x ^ y - 103 == x * y
/// </summary>
public static void BitvectorExample2(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("BitvectorExample2");
/* construct x ^ y - 103 == x * y */
Sort bv_type = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
BitVecExpr x = ctx.MkBVConst("x", 32);
BitVecExpr y = ctx.MkBVConst("y", 32);
BitVecExpr x_xor_y = ctx.MkBVXOR(x, y);
BitVecExpr c103 = (BitVecNum)ctx.MkNumeral("103", bv_type);
BitVecExpr lhs = ctx.MkBVSub(x_xor_y, c103);
BitVecExpr rhs = ctx.MkBVMul(x, y);
BoolExpr ctr = ctx.MkEq(lhs, rhs);
Console.WriteLine("find values of x and y, such that x ^ y - 103 == x * y");
/* find a model (i.e., values for x an y that satisfy the constraint */
Model m = Check(ctx, ctr, Status.SATISFIABLE);
Console.WriteLine(m);
}
/// <summary>
/// Simple bit-vector example.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This example disproves that x - 10 <= 0 IFF x <= 10 for (32-bit) machine integers
/// </remarks>
public static void BitvectorExample1(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("BitvectorExample1");
Sort bv_type = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
BitVecExpr x = (BitVecExpr)ctx.MkConst("x", bv_type);
BitVecNum zero = (BitVecNum)ctx.MkNumeral("0", bv_type);
BitVecNum ten = ctx.MkBV(10, 32);
BitVecExpr x_minus_ten = ctx.MkBVSub(x, ten);
/* bvsle is signed less than or equal to */
BoolExpr c1 = ctx.MkBVSLE(x, ten);
BoolExpr c2 = ctx.MkBVSLE(x_minus_ten, zero);
BoolExpr thm = ctx.MkIff(c1, c2);
Console.WriteLine("disprove: x - 10 <= 0 IFF x <= 10 for (32-bit) machine integers");
Disprove(ctx, thm);
}
/// <summary>
/// Demonstrates how to use the ParOr tactic.
/// </summary>
static void ParOrExample(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("ParOrExample");
BitVecSort bvs = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", bvs);
Expr y = ctx.MkConst("y", bvs);
BoolExpr q = ctx.MkEq(x, y);
Goal g = ctx.MkGoal(true);
g.Assert(q);
Tactic t1 = ctx.MkTactic("qfbv");
Tactic t2 = ctx.MkTactic("qfbv");
Tactic p = ctx.ParOr(t1, t2);
ApplyResult ar = p.Apply(g);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat)
throw new TestFailedException();
}
/// <summary>
/// Shows how to use Solver(logic)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ctx"></param>
static void LogicExample(Context ctx)
{
Console.WriteLine("LogicTest");
Microsoft.Z3.Global.ToggleWarningMessages(true);
BitVecSort bvs = ctx.MkBitVecSort(32);
Expr x = ctx.MkConst("x", bvs);
Expr y = ctx.MkConst("y", bvs);
BoolExpr eq = ctx.MkEq(x, y);
// Use a solver for QF_BV
Solver s = ctx.MkSolver("QF_BV");
s.Assert(eq);
Status res = s.Check();
Console.WriteLine("solver result: " + res);
// Or perhaps a tactic for QF_BV
Goal g = ctx.MkGoal(true);
g.Assert(eq);
Tactic t = ctx.MkTactic("qfbv");
ApplyResult ar = t.Apply(g);
Console.WriteLine("tactic result: " + ar);
if (ar.NumSubgoals != 1 || !ar.Subgoals[0].IsDecidedSat)
throw new TestFailedException();
}
public void Run()
{
using (Context ctx = new Context())
{
this.ctx = ctx;
ctx.UpdateParamValue("DL_GENERATE_EXPLANATIONS", "true");
red_car = new Car(false, 2, 2, 3, "red");
cars = new Car[]{
new Car(true, 0, 3, 0, "yellow"),
new Car(false, 3, 3, 0, "blue"),
new Car(false, 5, 2, 0, "brown"),
new Car(false, 0, 2, 1, "lgreen"),
new Car(true, 1, 2, 1, "light blue"),
new Car(true, 2, 2, 1, "pink"),
new Car(true, 2, 2, 4, "dark green"),
red_car,
new Car(true, 3, 2, 3, "purple"),
new Car(false, 5, 2, 3, "light yellow"),
new Car(true, 4, 2, 0, "orange"),
new Car(false, 4, 2, 4, "black"),
new Car(true, 5, 3, 1, "light purple")
};
this.num_cars = cars.Length;
this.B = ctx.MkBoolSort();
this.bv3 = ctx.MkBitVecSort(3);
List<Sort> domain = new List<Sort>();
foreach (var c in cars) domain.Add(bv3);
this.state = ctx.MkFuncDecl("state", domain.ToArray(), B);
this.fp = ctx.MkFixedpoint();
this.fp.RegisterRelation(state);
// Initial state:
Expr[] args = new Expr[num_cars];
for (int i = 0; i < num_cars; ++i) args[i] = num(cars[i].start);
fp.AddRule((BoolExpr)state[args]);
// Transitions:
for (int pos = 0; pos < num_cars; ++pos)
{
Car car = cars[pos];
for (int i = 0; i < dimension; ++i)
if (car.is_vertical)
{
move_down(i, pos, car);
move_up(i, pos, car);
}
else
{
move_left(i, pos, car);
move_right(i, pos, car);
}
}
// Print the current context:
Console.WriteLine("{0}", fp);
// Prepare the query:
for (int i = 0; i < num_cars; ++i) args[i] = (cars[i] == red_car) ? num(4) : bound(i);
BoolExpr goal = (BoolExpr)state[args];
fp.Query(goal);
// Extract a path:
get_instructions(fp.GetAnswer());
}
}
public void TestBitVectorOps()
{
Context z3 = new Context();
var bv16 = z3.MkBitVecSort(16);
var c = (BitVecExpr)z3.MkConst("c",bv16);
var _3 = (BitVecExpr)z3.MkNumeral(3, bv16);
var _7 = (BitVecExpr)z3.MkNumeral(7, bv16);
var _1 = (BitVecExpr)z3.MkNumeral(1, bv16);
var c_and_7 = z3.MkBVAND(c, _7);
//((1 + (c & 7)) & 3)
var t = z3.MkBVAND(z3.MkBVAdd(_1, c_and_7), _3);
var s = t.Simplify(); //comes out as: (1 + (c & 3))
var t_neq_s = z3.MkNot(z3.MkEq(t, s));
var solv =z3.MkSolver();
solv.Assert(t_neq_s);
Assert.AreEqual(Status.UNSATISFIABLE, solv.Check());
}
