/// <summary>
 /// Converts the given array of bytes to a 32-bit signed integer.
 /// </summary>
 public int ToInt32(byte[] value, int startIndex)
 {
     return(BitConverterEx.ToInt32(value, startIndex, mFrom, mTo));
 }
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        /// <summary>
        /// Creates an ExifProperty from the given interoperability parameters.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="tag">The tag id of the exif property.</param>
        /// <param name="type">The type id of the exif property.</param>
        /// <param name="count">Byte or component count.</param>
        /// <param name="value">Field data as an array of bytes.</param>
        /// <param name="byteOrder">Byte order of value.</param>
        /// <param name="ifd">IFD section containing this propery.</param>
        /// <returns>an ExifProperty initialized from the interoperability parameters.</returns>
        public static ExifProperty Get(ushort tag, ushort type, uint count, byte[] value, BitConverterEx.ByteOrder byteOrder, IFD ifd)
        {
            BitConverterEx conv = new BitConverterEx(byteOrder, BitConverterEx.ByteOrder.System);

            if (ifd == IFD.Zeroth)
            {
                if (tag == 0x103) // Compression
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Compression>(ExifTag.Compression, (Compression)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x106) // PhotometricInterpretation
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <PhotometricInterpretation>(ExifTag.PhotometricInterpretation, (PhotometricInterpretation)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x112) // Orientation
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Orientation>(ExifTag.Orientation, (Orientation)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x11c) // PlanarConfiguration
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <PlanarConfiguration>(ExifTag.PlanarConfiguration, (PlanarConfiguration)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x213) // YCbCrPositioning
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <YCbCrPositioning>(ExifTag.YCbCrPositioning, (YCbCrPositioning)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x128) // ResolutionUnit
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <ResolutionUnit>(ExifTag.ResolutionUnit, (ResolutionUnit)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x132) // DateTime
                {
                    return(new ExifDateTime(ExifTag.DateTime, ExifBitConverter.ToDateTime(value)));
                }
            }
            else if (ifd == IFD.EXIF)
            {
                if (tag == 0x9000) // ExifVersion
                {
                    return(new ExifVersion(ExifTag.ExifVersion, ExifBitConverter.ToAscii(value)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa000) // FlashpixVersion
                {
                    return(new ExifVersion(ExifTag.FlashpixVersion, ExifBitConverter.ToAscii(value)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa001) // ColorSpace
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <ColorSpace>(ExifTag.ColorSpace, (ColorSpace)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9286) // UserComment
                {
                    byte[] encbytes = new byte[8];
                    byte[] strbytes = new byte[value.Length - 8];
                    Array.Copy(value, encbytes, 8);
                    Array.Copy(value, 8, strbytes, 0, value.Length - 8);
                    Encoding enc    = Encoding.ASCII;
                    string   encstr = enc.GetString(encbytes);
                    if (encstr == "ASCII\0\0\0")
                    {
                        enc = Encoding.ASCII;
                    }
                    else if (encstr == "JIS\0\0\0\0\0")
                    {
                        enc = Encoding.GetEncoding("Japanese (JIS 0208-1990 and 0212-1990)");
                    }
                    else if (encstr == "Unicode\0")
                    {
                        enc = Encoding.Unicode;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        enc = null;
                    }

                    int len = Array.IndexOf(strbytes, (byte)0);
                    if (len == -1)
                    {
                        len = strbytes.Length;
                    }
                    return(new ExifEncodedString(ExifTag.UserComment, (enc == null ? Encoding.ASCII.GetString(strbytes, 0, len) : enc.GetString(strbytes, 0, len)), enc));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9003) // DateTimeOriginal
                {
                    return(new ExifDateTime(ExifTag.DateTimeOriginal, ExifBitConverter.ToDateTime(value)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9004) // DateTimeDigitized
                {
                    return(new ExifDateTime(ExifTag.DateTimeDigitized, ExifBitConverter.ToDateTime(value)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x8822) // ExposureProgram
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <ExposureProgram>(ExifTag.ExposureProgram, (ExposureProgram)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9207) // MeteringMode
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <MeteringMode>(ExifTag.MeteringMode, (MeteringMode)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9208) // LightSource
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <LightSource>(ExifTag.LightSource, (LightSource)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9209) // Flash
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Flash>(ExifTag.Flash, (Flash)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x9214) // SubjectArea
                {
                    if (count == 3)
                    {
                        return(new ExifCircularSubjectArea(ExifTag.SubjectArea, ExifBitConverter.ToUShortArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                    }
                    else if (count == 4)
                    {
                        return(new ExifRectangularSubjectArea(ExifTag.SubjectArea, ExifBitConverter.ToUShortArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                    }
                    else // count == 2
                    {
                        return(new ExifPointSubjectArea(ExifTag.SubjectArea, ExifBitConverter.ToUShortArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                    }
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa210) // FocalPlaneResolutionUnit
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <ResolutionUnit>(ExifTag.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit, (ResolutionUnit)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa214) // SubjectLocation
                {
                    return(new ExifPointSubjectArea(ExifTag.SubjectLocation, ExifBitConverter.ToUShortArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa217) // SensingMethod
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <SensingMethod>(ExifTag.SensingMethod, (SensingMethod)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa300) // FileSource
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <FileSource>(ExifTag.FileSource, (FileSource)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa301) // SceneType
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <SceneType>(ExifTag.SceneType, (SceneType)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa401) // CustomRendered
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <CustomRendered>(ExifTag.CustomRendered, (CustomRendered)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa402) // ExposureMode
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <ExposureMode>(ExifTag.ExposureMode, (ExposureMode)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa403) // WhiteBalance
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <WhiteBalance>(ExifTag.WhiteBalance, (WhiteBalance)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa406) // SceneCaptureType
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <SceneCaptureType>(ExifTag.SceneCaptureType, (SceneCaptureType)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa407) // GainControl
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GainControl>(ExifTag.GainControl, (GainControl)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa408) // Contrast
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Contrast>(ExifTag.Contrast, (Contrast)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa409) // Saturation
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Saturation>(ExifTag.Saturation, (Saturation)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa40a) // Sharpness
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Sharpness>(ExifTag.Sharpness, (Sharpness)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
                else if (tag == 0xa40c) // SubjectDistanceRange
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <SubjectDistanceRange>(ExifTag.SubjectDistance, (SubjectDistanceRange)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0), true));
                }
            }
            else if (ifd == IFD.GPS)
            {
                if (tag == 0) // GPSVersionID
                {
                    return(new ExifVersion(ExifTag.GPSVersionID, ExifBitConverter.ToString(value)));
                }
                else if (tag == 1) // GPSLatitudeRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSLatitudeRef>(ExifTag.GPSLatitudeRef, (GPSLatitudeRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 2) // GPSLatitude
                {
                    return(new GPSLatitudeLongitude(ExifTag.GPSLatitude, ExifBitConverter.ToURationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
                else if (tag == 3) // GPSLongitudeRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSLongitudeRef>(ExifTag.GPSLongitudeRef, (GPSLongitudeRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 4) // GPSLongitude
                {
                    return(new GPSLatitudeLongitude(ExifTag.GPSLongitude, ExifBitConverter.ToURationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
                else if (tag == 5) // GPSAltitudeRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSAltitudeRef>(ExifTag.GPSAltitudeRef, (GPSAltitudeRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 7) // GPSTimeStamp
                {
                    return(new GPSTimeStamp(ExifTag.GPSTimeStamp, ExifBitConverter.ToURationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
                else if (tag == 9) // GPSStatus
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSStatus>(ExifTag.GPSStatus, (GPSStatus)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 10) // GPSMeasureMode
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSMeasureMode>(ExifTag.GPSMeasureMode, (GPSMeasureMode)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 12) // GPSSpeedRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSSpeedRef>(ExifTag.GPSSpeedRef, (GPSSpeedRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 14) // GPSTrackRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSDirectionRef>(ExifTag.GPSTrackRef, (GPSDirectionRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 16) // GPSImgDirectionRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSDirectionRef>(ExifTag.GPSImgDirectionRef, (GPSDirectionRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 19) // GPSDestLatitudeRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSLatitudeRef>(ExifTag.GPSDestLatitudeRef, (GPSLatitudeRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 20) // GPSDestLatitude
                {
                    return(new GPSLatitudeLongitude(ExifTag.GPSDestLatitude, ExifBitConverter.ToURationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
                else if (tag == 21) // GPSDestLongitudeRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSLongitudeRef>(ExifTag.GPSDestLongitudeRef, (GPSLongitudeRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 22) // GPSDestLongitude
                {
                    return(new GPSLatitudeLongitude(ExifTag.GPSDestLongitude, ExifBitConverter.ToURationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
                else if (tag == 23) // GPSDestBearingRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSDirectionRef>(ExifTag.GPSDestBearingRef, (GPSDirectionRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 25) // GPSDestDistanceRef
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSDistanceRef>(ExifTag.GPSDestDistanceRef, (GPSDistanceRef)value[0]));
                }
                else if (tag == 29) // GPSDate
                {
                    return(new ExifDateTime(ExifTag.GPSDateStamp, ExifBitConverter.ToDateTime(value, false)));
                }
                else if (tag == 30) // GPSDifferential
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <GPSDifferential>(ExifTag.GPSDifferential, (GPSDifferential)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
            }
            else if (ifd == IFD.Interop)
            {
                if (tag == 1) // InteroperabilityIndex
                {
                    return(new ExifAscii(ExifTag.InteroperabilityIndex, ExifBitConverter.ToAscii(value)));
                }
                else if (tag == 2) // InteroperabilityVersion
                {
                    return(new ExifVersion(ExifTag.InteroperabilityVersion, ExifBitConverter.ToAscii(value)));
                }
            }
            else if (ifd == IFD.First)
            {
                if (tag == 0x103) // Compression
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Compression>(ExifTag.ThumbnailCompression, (Compression)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x106) // PhotometricInterpretation
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <PhotometricInterpretation>(ExifTag.ThumbnailPhotometricInterpretation, (PhotometricInterpretation)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x112) // Orientation
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <Orientation>(ExifTag.ThumbnailOrientation, (Orientation)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x11c) // PlanarConfiguration
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <PlanarConfiguration>(ExifTag.ThumbnailPlanarConfiguration, (PlanarConfiguration)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x213) // YCbCrPositioning
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <YCbCrPositioning>(ExifTag.ThumbnailYCbCrPositioning, (YCbCrPositioning)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x128) // ResolutionUnit
                {
                    return(new ExifEnumProperty <ResolutionUnit>(ExifTag.ThumbnailResolutionUnit, (ResolutionUnit)conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else if (tag == 0x132) // DateTime
                {
                    return(new ExifDateTime(ExifTag.ThumbnailDateTime, ExifBitConverter.ToDateTime(value)));
                }
            }

            // Find the exif tag corresponding to given tag id
            ExifTag etag = ExifTagFactory.GetExifTag(ifd, tag);

            if (type == 1) // 1 = BYTE An 8-bit unsigned integer.
            {
                if (count == 1)
                {
                    return(new ExifByte(etag, value[0]));
                }
                else
                {
                    return(new ExifByteArray(etag, value));
                }
            }
            else if (type == 2) // 2 = ASCII An 8-bit byte containing one 7-bit ASCII code.
            {
                return(new ExifAscii(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToAscii(value)));
            }
            else if (type == 3) // 3 = SHORT A 16-bit (2-byte) unsigned integer.
            {
                if (count == 1)
                {
                    return(new ExifUShort(etag, conv.ToUInt16(value, 0)));
                }
                else
                {
                    return(new ExifUShortArray(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToUShortArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
            }
            else if (type == 4) // 4 = LONG A 32-bit (4-byte) unsigned integer.
            {
                if (count == 1)
                {
                    return(new ExifUInt(etag, conv.ToUInt32(value, 0)));
                }
                else
                {
                    return(new ExifUIntArray(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToUIntArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
            }
            else if (type == 5) // 5 = RATIONAL Two LONGs. The first LONG is the numerator and the second LONG expresses the denominator.
            {
                if (count == 1)
                {
                    return(new ExifURational(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToURational(value, byteOrder)));
                }
                else
                {
                    return(new ExifURationalArray(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToURationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
            }
            else if (type == 7) // 7 = UNDEFINED An 8-bit byte that can take any value depending on the field definition.
            {
                return(new ExifUndefined(etag, value));
            }
            else if (type == 9) // 9 = SLONG A 32-bit (4-byte) signed integer (2's complement notation).
            {
                if (count == 1)
                {
                    return(new ExifSInt(etag, conv.ToInt32(value, 0)));
                }
                else
                {
                    return(new ExifSIntArray(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToSIntArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
            }
            else if (type == 10) // 10 = SRATIONAL Two SLONGs. The first SLONG is the numerator and the second SLONG is the denominator.
            {
                if (count == 1)
                {
                    return(new ExifSRational(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToSRational(value, byteOrder)));
                }
                else
                {
                    return(new ExifSRationalArray(etag, ExifBitConverter.ToSRationalArray(value, (int)count, byteOrder)));
                }
            }
            else
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("Unknown property type.");
            }
        }