public unsafe static void SetPivotB(this Point2PointConstraint obj, ref OpenTK.Vector3 pivotB)
{
fixed(OpenTK.Vector3 *pivotBPtr = &pivotB)
{
obj.PivotInB = *(BulletSharp.Math.Vector3 *)pivotBPtr;
}
}
//called by Physics World just before constraint is added to world.
//the current constraint properties are used to rebuild the constraint.
internal override bool _BuildConstraint()
{
BPhysicsWorld world = BPhysicsWorld.Get();
if (constraintPtr != null) {
if (isInWorld && world != null) {
isInWorld = false;
world.RemoveConstraint(constraintPtr);
}
}
if (targetRigidBodyA == null) {
Debug.LogError("Constraint target rigid body was not set.");
return false;
}
RigidBody rba = targetRigidBodyA.GetRigidBody();
if (rba == null)
{
Debug.LogError("Constraint could not get bullet RigidBody from target rigid body A");
return false;
}
if (constraintType == ConstraintType.constrainToAnotherBody)
{
RigidBody rbb = targetRigidBodyB.GetRigidBody();
if (rbb == null)
{
Debug.LogError("Constraint could not get bullet RigidBody from target rigid body B");
return false;
}
constraintPtr = new Point2PointConstraint(rba, rbb, pivotInA.ToBullet(), pivotInB.ToBullet());
} else
{
constraintPtr = new Point2PointConstraint(rba,pivotInA.ToBullet());
}
return true;
}
public unsafe static void GetPivotInB(this Point2PointConstraint obj, out OpenTK.Vector3 value)
{
fixed(OpenTK.Vector3 *valuePtr = &value)
{
*(BulletSharp.Math.Vector3 *)valuePtr = obj.PivotInB;
}
}
//public void Test()
//{
// BulletSharp.Point2PointConstraint pt;
// /BulletSharp.Generic6DofConstraint sdof = new Generic6DofConstraint(
// pt.Setting.
//sdof.sett
//}
public override TypedConstraint GetConstraint(RigidBody body)
{
Point2PointConstraint cst = new Point2PointConstraint(body, this.Pivot);
cst.Setting.Damping = this.Damping;
cst.Setting.ImpulseClamp = this.ImpulseClamp;
cst.Setting.Tau = this.Tau;
return cst;
}
public virtual void OnHandleInput()
{
if (Input.KeysPressed.Count != 0)
{
switch (Input.KeysPressed[0])
{
case Keys.Escape:
case Keys.Q:
Graphics.Form.Close();
return;
case Keys.F1:
MessageBox.Show(
"Move using WASD + shift\n" +
"Left click - point camera\n" +
"Right click - pick up an object using a Point2PointConstraint\n" +
"Right click + shift - pick up an object using a fixed Generic6DofConstraint\n" +
"Space - shoot box\n" +
"Q - quit\n\n" +
Graphics.InfoText,
"Help");
// Key release won't be captured
Input.KeysDown.Remove(Keys.F1);
break;
case Keys.F3:
IsDebugDrawEnabled = !IsDebugDrawEnabled;
break;
case Keys.F8:
Input.ClearKeyCache();
GraphicsLibraryManager.ExitWithReload = true;
Graphics.Form.Close();
break;
case Keys.F11:
Graphics.IsFullScreen = !Graphics.IsFullScreen;
break;
case (Keys.Control | Keys.F):
const int maxSerializeBufferSize = 1024 * 1024 * 5;
using (var serializer = new DefaultSerializer(maxSerializeBufferSize))
{
World.Serialize(serializer);
byte[] dataBytes = new byte[serializer.CurrentBufferSize];
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Copy(serializer.BufferPointer, dataBytes, 0,
dataBytes.Length);
using (var file = new System.IO.FileStream("world.bullet", System.IO.FileMode.Create))
{
file.Write(dataBytes, 0, dataBytes.Length);
}
}
break;
case Keys.G:
//shadowsEnabled = !shadowsEnabled;
break;
case Keys.Space:
ShootBox(Freelook.Eye, GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView));
break;
case Keys.Return:
ClientResetScene();
break;
}
}
if (Input.MousePressed != MouseButtons.None)
{
Vector3 rayTo = GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView);
if (Input.MousePressed == MouseButtons.Right)
{
if (World != null)
{
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
ClosestRayResultCallback rayCallback = new ClosestRayResultCallback(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo);
World.RayTestRef(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo, rayCallback);
if (rayCallback.HasHit)
{
Vector3 pickPos = rayCallback.HitPointWorld;
RigidBody body = rayCallback.CollisionObject as RigidBody;
if (body != null)
{
if (!(body.IsStaticObject || body.IsKinematicObject))
{
pickedBody = body;
pickedBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 localPivot = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pickPos, Matrix.Invert(body.CenterOfMassTransform));
if (Input.KeysDown.Contains(Keys.ShiftKey))
{
Generic6DofConstraint dof6 = new Generic6DofConstraint(body, Matrix.Translation(localPivot), false)
{
LinearLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
LinearUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero
};
World.AddConstraint(dof6);
pickConstraint = dof6;
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 5);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 5);
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body, localPivot);
World.AddConstraint(p2p);
pickConstraint = p2p;
p2p.Setting.ImpulseClamp = 30;
//very weak constraint for picking
p2p.Setting.Tau = 0.001f;
/*
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 2);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 2);
*/
}
}
}
else
{
MultiBodyLinkCollider multiCol = rayCallback.CollisionObject as MultiBodyLinkCollider;
if (multiCol != null && multiCol.MultiBody != null)
{
MultiBody mb = multiCol.MultiBody;
prevCanSleep = mb.CanSleep;
mb.CanSleep = false;
Vector3 pivotInA = mb.WorldPosToLocal(multiCol.Link, pickPos);
MultiBodyPoint2Point p2p = new MultiBodyPoint2Point(mb, multiCol.Link, null, pivotInA, pickPos);
p2p.MaxAppliedImpulse = 2;
(World as MultiBodyDynamicsWorld).AddMultiBodyConstraint(p2p);
pickingMultiBodyPoint2Point = p2p;
}
}
oldPickingDist = (pickPos - rayFrom).Length;
}
rayCallback.Dispose();
}
}
}
else if (Input.MouseReleased == MouseButtons.Right)
{
RemovePickingConstraint();
}
// Mouse movement
if (Input.MouseDown == MouseButtons.Right)
{
MovePickedBody();
}
}
public virtual void OnHandleInput()
{
if (_input.KeysPressed.Count != 0)
{
switch (_input.KeysPressed[0])
{
case Keys.Escape:
case Keys.Q:
Graphics.Form.Close();
return;
case Keys.F3:
IsDebugDrawEnabled = !IsDebugDrawEnabled;
break;
case Keys.F8:
Input.ClearKeyCache();
LibraryManager.ExitWithReload = true;
Graphics.Form.Close();
break;
case Keys.F11:
Graphics.IsFullScreen = !Graphics.IsFullScreen;
break;
case Keys.G:
//shadowsEnabled = !shadowsEnabled;
break;
case Keys.Space:
ShootBox(_freelook.Eye, GetRayTo(_input.MousePoint, _freelook.Eye, _freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView));
break;
case Keys.Return:
ClientResetScene();
break;
}
}
if (_input.MousePressed != MouseButtons.None)
{
Vector3 rayTo = GetRayTo(_input.MousePoint, _freelook.Eye, _freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView);
if (_input.MousePressed == MouseButtons.Right)
{
if (_world != null)
{
Vector3 rayFrom = _freelook.Eye;
CollisionWorld.ClosestRayResultCallback rayCallback = new CollisionWorld.ClosestRayResultCallback(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo);
_world.RayTest(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo, rayCallback);
if (rayCallback.HasHit)
{
RigidBody body = rayCallback.CollisionObject as RigidBody;
if (body != null)
{
if (!(body.IsStaticObject || body.IsKinematicObject))
{
pickedBody = body;
pickedBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 pickPos = rayCallback.HitPointWorld;
Vector3 localPivot = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pickPos, Matrix.Invert(body.CenterOfMassTransform));
if (_input.KeysDown.Contains(Keys.ShiftKey))
{
Generic6DofConstraint dof6 = new Generic6DofConstraint(body, Matrix.Translation(localPivot), false)
{
LinearLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
LinearUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero
};
_world.AddConstraint(dof6);
pickConstraint = dof6;
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 5);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 5);
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body, localPivot);
_world.AddConstraint(p2p);
pickConstraint = p2p;
p2p.Setting.ImpulseClamp = 30;
//very weak constraint for picking
p2p.Setting.Tau = 0.001f;
/*
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 2);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 2);
*/
}
oldPickingDist = (pickPos - rayFrom).Length();
}
}
}
rayCallback.Dispose();
}
}
}
else if (_input.MouseReleased == MouseButtons.Right)
{
RemovePickingConstraint();
}
// Mouse movement
if (_input.MouseDown == MouseButtons.Right)
{
if (pickConstraint != null)
{
Vector3 newRayTo = GetRayTo(_input.MousePoint, _freelook.Eye, _freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView);
if (pickConstraint.ConstraintType == TypedConstraintType.D6)
{
Generic6DofConstraint pickCon = pickConstraint as Generic6DofConstraint;
//keep it at the same picking distance
Vector3 rayFrom = _freelook.Eye;
Vector3 dir = newRayTo - rayFrom;
dir.Normalize();
dir *= oldPickingDist;
Vector3 newPivotB = rayFrom + dir;
Matrix tempFrameOffsetA = pickCon.FrameOffsetA;
tempFrameOffsetA.M41 = newPivotB.X;
tempFrameOffsetA.M42 = newPivotB.Y;
tempFrameOffsetA.M43 = newPivotB.Z;
pickCon.FrameOffsetA = tempFrameOffsetA;
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint pickCon = pickConstraint as Point2PointConstraint;
//keep it at the same picking distance
Vector3 rayFrom = _freelook.Eye;
Vector3 dir = newRayTo - rayFrom;
dir.Normalize();
dir *= oldPickingDist;
pickCon.PivotInB = rayFrom + dir;
}
}
}
}
protected override void OnInitializePhysics()
{
// collision configuration contains default setup for memory, collision setup
CollisionConf = new DefaultCollisionConfiguration();
Dispatcher = new CollisionDispatcher(CollisionConf);
Broadphase = new DbvtBroadphase();
World = new DiscreteDynamicsWorld(Dispatcher, Broadphase, null, CollisionConf);
World.Gravity = new Vector3(0, -10, 0);
GImpactCollisionAlgorithm.RegisterAlgorithm(Dispatcher);
string bulletFile;
string[] args = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
if (args.Length == 1)
{
bulletFile = "testFile.bullet";
}
else
{
bulletFile = args[1];
}
fileLoader = new CustomBulletWorldImporter(World);
if (!fileLoader.LoadFile(bulletFile))
{
CollisionShape groundShape = new BoxShape(50);
CollisionShapes.Add(groundShape);
RigidBody ground = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(0, -50, 0), groundShape);
ground.UserObject = "Ground";
// create a few dynamic rigidbodies
float mass = 1.0f;
Vector3[] positions = new Vector3[2] { new Vector3(0.1f, 0.2f, 0.3f), new Vector3(0.4f, 0.5f, 0.6f) };
float[] radi = new float[2] { 0.3f, 0.4f };
CollisionShape colShape = new MultiSphereShape(positions, radi);
//CollisionShape colShape = new CapsuleShapeZ(1, 1);
//CollisionShape colShape = new CylinderShapeZ(1, 1, 1);
//CollisionShape colShape = new BoxShape(1);
//CollisionShape colShape = new SphereShape(1);
CollisionShapes.Add(colShape);
Vector3 localInertia = colShape.CalculateLocalInertia(mass);
float start_x = StartPosX - ArraySizeX / 2;
float start_y = StartPosY;
float start_z = StartPosZ - ArraySizeZ / 2;
int k, i, j;
for (k = 0; k < ArraySizeY; k++)
{
for (i = 0; i < ArraySizeX; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < ArraySizeZ; j++)
{
Matrix startTransform = Matrix.Translation(
2 * i + start_x,
2 * k + start_y,
2 * j + start_z
);
// using motionstate is recommended, it provides interpolation capabilities
// and only synchronizes 'active' objects
DefaultMotionState myMotionState = new DefaultMotionState(startTransform);
RigidBodyConstructionInfo rbInfo =
new RigidBodyConstructionInfo(mass, myMotionState, colShape, localInertia);
RigidBody body = new RigidBody(rbInfo);
rbInfo.Dispose();
// make it drop from a height
body.Translate(new Vector3(0, 20, 0));
World.AddRigidBody(body);
}
}
}
DefaultSerializer serializer = new DefaultSerializer();
serializer.RegisterNameForObject(ground, "GroundName");
for (i = 0; i < CollisionShapes.Count; i++)
serializer.RegisterNameForObject(CollisionShapes[i], "name" + i.ToString());
Point2PointConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint((RigidBody)World.CollisionObjectArray[2], new Vector3(0, 1, 0));
World.AddConstraint(p2p);
serializer.RegisterNameForObject(p2p, "constraintje");
World.Serialize(serializer);
BulletSharp.DataStream data = serializer.LockBuffer();
byte[] dataBytes = new byte[data.Length];
data.Read(dataBytes, 0, dataBytes.Length);
FileStream file = new FileStream("testFile.bullet", FileMode.Create);
file.Write(dataBytes, 0, dataBytes.Length);
file.Close();
}
}
protected override void OnInitializePhysics()
{
SetupEmptyDynamicsWorld();
IsDebugDrawEnabled = true;
CollisionShape groundShape = new BoxShape(50, 1, 50);
//CollisionShape groundShape = new StaticPlaneShape(Vector3.UnitY, 40);
CollisionShapes.Add(groundShape);
RigidBody body = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(0, -16, 0), groundShape);
body.UserObject = "Ground";
CollisionShape shape = new BoxShape(new Vector3(CubeHalfExtents));
CollisionShapes.Add(shape);
const float THETA = (float)Math.PI/4.0f;
float L_1 = 2 - (float)Math.Tan(THETA);
float L_2 = 1 / (float)Math.Cos(THETA);
float RATIO = L_2/L_1;
RigidBody bodyA;
RigidBody bodyB;
CollisionShape cylA = new CylinderShape(0.2f, 0.25f, 0.2f);
CollisionShape cylB = new CylinderShape(L_1, 0.025f, L_1);
CompoundShape cyl0 = new CompoundShape();
cyl0.AddChildShape(Matrix.Identity, cylA);
cyl0.AddChildShape(Matrix.Identity, cylB);
float mass = 6.28f;
Vector3 localInertia;
cyl0.CalculateLocalInertia(mass, out localInertia);
RigidBodyConstructionInfo ci = new RigidBodyConstructionInfo(mass, null, cyl0, localInertia);
ci.StartWorldTransform = Matrix.Translation(-8, 1, -8);
body = new RigidBody(ci); //1,0,cyl0,localInertia);
World.AddRigidBody(body);
body.LinearFactor = Vector3.Zero;
body.AngularFactor = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
bodyA = body;
cylA = new CylinderShape(0.2f, 0.26f, 0.2f);
cylB = new CylinderShape(L_2, 0.025f, L_2);
cyl0 = new CompoundShape();
cyl0.AddChildShape(Matrix.Identity, cylA);
cyl0.AddChildShape(Matrix.Identity, cylB);
mass = 6.28f;
cyl0.CalculateLocalInertia(mass, out localInertia);
ci = new RigidBodyConstructionInfo(mass, null, cyl0, localInertia);
Quaternion orn = Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(0, 0, 1), -THETA);
ci.StartWorldTransform = Matrix.RotationQuaternion(orn) * Matrix.Translation(-10, 2, -8);
body = new RigidBody(ci);//1,0,cyl0,localInertia);
body.LinearFactor = Vector3.Zero;
HingeConstraint hinge = new HingeConstraint(body, Vector3.Zero, new Vector3(0, 1, 0), true);
World.AddConstraint(hinge);
bodyB = body;
body.AngularVelocity = new Vector3(0, 3, 0);
World.AddRigidBody(body);
Vector3 axisA = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
Vector3 axisB = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
orn = Quaternion.RotationAxis(new Vector3(0, 0, 1), -THETA);
Matrix mat = Matrix.RotationQuaternion(orn);
axisB = new Vector3(mat.M21, mat.M22, mat.M23);
GearConstraint gear = new GearConstraint(bodyA, bodyB, axisA, axisB, RATIO);
World.AddConstraint(gear, true);
mass = 1.0f;
RigidBody body0 = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(0, 20, 0), shape);
RigidBody body1 = null;//LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(2*CUBE_HALF_EXTENTS,20,0), shape);
//RigidBody body1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(2*CUBE_HALF_EXTENTS,20,0), null);
//body1.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
//body1.SetDamping(0.3f, 0.3f);
Vector3 pivotInA = new Vector3(CubeHalfExtents, -CubeHalfExtents, -CubeHalfExtents);
Vector3 axisInA = new Vector3(0, 0, 1);
Vector3 pivotInB;
if (body1 != null)
{
Matrix transform = Matrix.Invert(body1.CenterOfMassTransform) * body0.CenterOfMassTransform;
pivotInB = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pivotInA, transform);
}
else
{
pivotInB = pivotInA;
}
Vector3 axisInB;
if (body1 != null)
{
Matrix transform = Matrix.Invert(body1.CenterOfMassTransform) * body1.CenterOfMassTransform;
axisInB = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(axisInA, transform);
}
else
{
axisInB = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(axisInA, body0.CenterOfMassTransform);
}
#if P2P
{
TypedConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body0, pivotInA);
//TypedConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body0, body1, pivotInA, pivotInB);
//TypedConstraint hinge = new HingeConstraint(body0, body1, pivotInA, pivotInB, axisInA, axisInB);
World.AddConstraint(p2p);
p2p.DebugDrawSize = 5;
}
#else
{
hinge = new HingeConstraint(body0, pivotInA, axisInA);
//use zero targetVelocity and a small maxMotorImpulse to simulate joint friction
//float targetVelocity = 0.f;
//float maxMotorImpulse = 0.01;
const float targetVelocity = 1.0f;
const float maxMotorImpulse = 1.0f;
hinge.EnableAngularMotor(true, targetVelocity, maxMotorImpulse);
World.AddConstraint(hinge);
hinge.DebugDrawSize = 5;
}
#endif
RigidBody pRbA1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(-20, 0, 30), shape);
//RigidBody pRbA1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(0.0f, Matrix.Translation(-20, 0, 30), shape);
pRbA1.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add dynamic rigid body B1
RigidBody pRbB1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(-20, 0, 30), shape);
//RigidBody pRbB1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(0.0f, Matrix.Translation(-20, 0, 30), shape);
pRbB1.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// create slider constraint between A1 and B1 and add it to world
SliderConstraint spSlider1 = new SliderConstraint(pRbA1, pRbB1, Matrix.Identity, Matrix.Identity, true);
//spSlider1 = new SliderConstraint(pRbA1, pRbB1, Matrix.Identity, Matrix.Identity, false);
spSlider1.LowerLinearLimit = -15.0f;
spSlider1.UpperLinearLimit = -5.0f;
spSlider1.LowerLinearLimit = 5.0f;
spSlider1.UpperLinearLimit = 15.0f;
spSlider1.LowerLinearLimit = -10.0f;
spSlider1.UpperLinearLimit = -10.0f;
spSlider1.LowerAngularLimit = -(float)Math.PI / 3.0f;
spSlider1.UpperAngularLimit = (float)Math.PI / 3.0f;
World.AddConstraint(spSlider1, true);
spSlider1.DebugDrawSize = 5.0f;
//create a slider, using the generic D6 constraint
Vector3 sliderWorldPos = new Vector3(0, 10, 0);
Vector3 sliderAxis = Vector3.UnitX;
const float angle = 0; //SIMD_RADS_PER_DEG * 10.f;
Matrix trans = Matrix.RotationAxis(sliderAxis, angle) * Matrix.Translation(sliderWorldPos);
d6body0 = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, trans, shape);
d6body0.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
RigidBody fixedBody1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, trans, null);
World.AddRigidBody(fixedBody1);
Matrix frameInA = Matrix.Translation(0, 5, 0);
Matrix frameInB = Matrix.Translation(0, 5, 0);
//bool useLinearReferenceFrameA = false;//use fixed frame B for linear llimits
const bool useLinearReferenceFrameA = true; //use fixed frame A for linear llimits
spSlider6Dof = new Generic6DofConstraint(fixedBody1, d6body0, frameInA, frameInB, useLinearReferenceFrameA)
{
LinearLowerLimit = lowerSliderLimit,
LinearUpperLimit = hiSliderLimit,
//range should be small, otherwise singularities will 'explode' the constraint
//AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-1.5f,0,0),
//AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(1.5f,0,0),
//AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0,0,0),
//AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0,0,0),
AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3((float)-Math.PI, 0, 0),
AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(1.5f, 0, 0)
};
//spSlider6Dof.TranslationalLimitMotor.EnableMotor[0] = true;
spSlider6Dof.TranslationalLimitMotor.TargetVelocity = new Vector3(-5.0f, 0, 0);
spSlider6Dof.TranslationalLimitMotor.MaxMotorForce = new Vector3(0.1f, 0, 0);
World.AddConstraint(spSlider6Dof);
spSlider6Dof.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a door using hinge constraint attached to the world
CollisionShape pDoorShape = new BoxShape(2.0f, 5.0f, 0.2f);
CollisionShapes.Add(pDoorShape);
RigidBody pDoorBody = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-5.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f), pDoorShape);
pDoorBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 btPivotA = new Vector3(10.0f + 2.1f, -2.0f, 0.0f); // right next to the door slightly outside
Vector3 btAxisA = Vector3.UnitY; // pointing upwards, aka Y-axis
spDoorHinge = new HingeConstraint(pDoorBody, btPivotA, btAxisA);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(0.0f, (float)Math.PI / 2);
// test problem values
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(1, -1);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI, 0.9f, 0.3f, 0.0f);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI, 0.9f, 0.01f, 0.0f); // "sticky limits"
spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.25f, (float)Math.PI * 0.25f);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(0, 0);
World.AddConstraint(spDoorHinge);
spDoorHinge.DebugDrawSize = 5;
RigidBody pDropBody = LocalCreateRigidBody(10.0f, Matrix.Translation(-5.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f), shape);
// create a generic 6DOF constraint
//RigidBody pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(10.0f, 6.0f, 0), shape);
RigidBody pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(10, 6, 0), shape);
//RigidBody pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(10, 6, 0), null);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
RigidBody pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(0, 6, 0), shape);
//RigidBody pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(0, 6, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
frameInA = Matrix.Translation(-5, 0, 0);
frameInB = Matrix.Translation(5, 0, 0);
Generic6DofConstraint pGen6DOF = new Generic6DofConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB, true);
//Generic6DofConstraint pGen6DOF = new Generic6DofConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB, false);
pGen6DOF.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(-10, -2, -1);
pGen6DOF.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(10, 2, 1);
//pGen6DOF.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(-10, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(10, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.TranslationalLimitMotor.EnableMotor[0] = true;
//pGen6DOF.TranslationalLimitMotor.TargetVelocity = new Vector3(5, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.TranslationalLimitMotor.MaxMotorForce = new Vector3(0.1f, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, (float)Math.PI * 0.9f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, -(float)Math.PI * 0.9f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, -(float)Math.PI);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, (float)Math.PI);
pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-(float)Math.PI / 4, -0.75f, -(float)Math.PI * 0.4f);
pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3((float)Math.PI / 4, 0.75f, (float)Math.PI * 0.4f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, -0.75f, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0.75f, -(float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, -(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI * 1.98f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f, -(float)Math.PI * 1.98f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-0.75f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0.75f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-0.75f, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0.75f, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, -0.7f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0.7f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-1, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
// create a ConeTwist constraint
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-10, 5, 0), shape);
//pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-10, 5, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-10, -5, 0), shape);
//pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-10, -5, 0), shape);
frameInA = Matrix.RotationYawPitchRoll(0, 0, (float)Math.PI / 2);
frameInA *= Matrix.Translation(0, -5, 0);
frameInB = Matrix.RotationYawPitchRoll(0, 0, (float)Math.PI / 2);
frameInB *= Matrix.Translation(0, 5, 0);
coneTwist = new ConeTwistConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB);
//coneTwist.SetLimit((float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//coneTwist.SetLimit((((float)Math.PI / 4) * 0.6f), (float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f, 1.0f); // soft limit == hard limit
coneTwist.SetLimit((((float)Math.PI / 4) * 0.6f), (float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f, 0.5f);
World.AddConstraint(coneTwist, true);
coneTwist.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// Hinge connected to the world, with motor (to hinge motor with new and old constraint solver)
RigidBody pBody = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Identity, shape);
pBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 pivotA = new Vector3(10.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
btAxisA = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
HingeConstraint pHinge = new HingeConstraint(pBody, pivotA, btAxisA);
//pHinge.EnableAngularMotor(true, -1.0f, 0.165f); // use for the old solver
pHinge.EnableAngularMotor(true, -1.0f, 1.65f); // use for the new SIMD solver
World.AddConstraint(pHinge);
pHinge.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a universal joint using generic 6DOF constraint
// create two rigid bodies
// static bodyA (parent) on top:
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(20, 4, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// dynamic bodyB (child) below it :
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(20, 0, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add some (arbitrary) data to build constraint frames
Vector3 parentAxis = new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
Vector3 childAxis = new Vector3(0, 0, 1);
Vector3 anchor = new Vector3(20, 2, 0);
UniversalConstraint pUniv = new UniversalConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, anchor, parentAxis, childAxis);
pUniv.SetLowerLimit(-(float)Math.PI / 4, -(float)Math.PI / 4);
pUniv.SetUpperLimit((float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI / 4);
// add constraint to world
World.AddConstraint(pUniv, true);
// draw constraint frames and limits for debugging
pUniv.DebugDrawSize = 5;
World.AddConstraint(pGen6DOF, true);
pGen6DOF.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a generic 6DOF constraint with springs
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-20, 16, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-10, 16, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
frameInA = Matrix.Translation(10, 0, 0);
frameInB = Matrix.Identity;
Generic6DofSpringConstraint pGen6DOFSpring = new Generic6DofSpringConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB, true)
{
LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(5, 0, 0),
LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(-5, 0, 0),
AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, -1.5f),
AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, 1.5f),
DebugDrawSize = 5
};
World.AddConstraint(pGen6DOFSpring, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.EnableSpring(0, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetStiffness(0, 39.478f);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetDamping(0, 0.5f);
pGen6DOFSpring.EnableSpring(5, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetStiffness(5, 39.478f);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetDamping(0, 0.3f);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetEquilibriumPoint();
// create a Hinge2 joint
// create two rigid bodies
// static bodyA (parent) on top:
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-20, 4, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// dynamic bodyB (child) below it :
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-20, 0, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add some data to build constraint frames
parentAxis = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
childAxis = new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
anchor = new Vector3(-20, 0, 0);
Hinge2Constraint pHinge2 = new Hinge2Constraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, anchor, parentAxis, childAxis);
pHinge2.SetLowerLimit(-(float)Math.PI / 4);
pHinge2.SetUpperLimit((float)Math.PI / 4);
// add constraint to world
World.AddConstraint(pHinge2, true);
// draw constraint frames and limits for debugging
pHinge2.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a Hinge joint between two dynamic bodies
// create two rigid bodies
// static bodyA (parent) on top:
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-20, -2, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// dynamic bodyB:
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(10.0f, Matrix.Translation(-30, -2, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add some data to build constraint frames
axisA = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
axisB = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
Vector3 pivotA2 = new Vector3(-5, 0, 0);
Vector3 pivotB = new Vector3(5, 0, 0);
spHingeDynAB = new HingeConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, pivotA2, pivotB, axisA, axisB);
spHingeDynAB.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI / 4);
// add constraint to world
World.AddConstraint(spHingeDynAB, true);
// draw constraint frames and limits for debugging
spHingeDynAB.DebugDrawSize = 5;
}
public Point2PointConstraint CreatePoint2PointConstraint(RigidBody rbA, ref Vector3 pivotInA)
{
Point2PointConstraint constraint = new Point2PointConstraint(rbA, pivotInA);
_allocatedConstraints.Add(constraint);
return constraint;
}
protected virtual void OnHandleInput()
{
if (Input.KeysPressed.Count != 0)
{
Keys key = Input.KeysPressed[0];
switch (key)
{
case Keys.Escape:
case Keys.Q:
Quit();
return;
case Keys.F3:
IsDebugDrawEnabled = !IsDebugDrawEnabled;
break;
case Keys.F11:
ToggleFullScreen();
break;
case Keys.Space:
PhysicsContext.ShootBox(Freelook.Eye, GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, FieldOfView));
break;
}
}
if (Input.MousePressed != MouseButtonFlags.None)
{
Vector3 rayTo = GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, FieldOfView);
if (Input.MousePressed == MouseButtonFlags.RightDown)
{
if (PhysicsContext.World != null)
{
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
CollisionWorld.ClosestRayResultCallback rayCallback = new CollisionWorld.ClosestRayResultCallback(rayFrom, rayTo);
PhysicsContext.World.RayTest(rayFrom, rayTo, rayCallback);
if (rayCallback.HasHit)
{
RigidBody body = rayCallback.CollisionObject as RigidBody;
if (body != null)
{
if (!(body.IsStaticObject || body.IsKinematicObject))
{
pickedBody = body;
pickedBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 pickPos = rayCallback.HitPointWorld;
Vector3 localPivot = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pickPos, Matrix.Invert(body.CenterOfMassTransform));
if (use6Dof)
{
Generic6DofConstraint dof6 = new Generic6DofConstraint(body, Matrix.Translation(localPivot), false);
dof6.LinearLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero;
dof6.LinearUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero;
dof6.AngularLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero;
dof6.AngularUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero;
PhysicsContext.World.AddConstraint(dof6);
pickConstraint = dof6;
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 5);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 5);
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body, localPivot);
PhysicsContext.World.AddConstraint(p2p);
pickConstraint = p2p;
p2p.Setting.ImpulseClamp = 30;
//very weak constraint for picking
p2p.Setting.Tau = 0.001f;
/*
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 2);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 2);
*/
}
use6Dof = !use6Dof;
oldPickingDist = (pickPos - rayFrom).Length();
}
}
}
}
}
else if (Input.MousePressed == MouseButtonFlags.RightUp)
{
if (pickConstraint != null && PhysicsContext.World != null)
{
PhysicsContext.World.RemoveConstraint(pickConstraint);
pickConstraint.Dispose();
pickConstraint = null;
pickedBody.ForceActivationState(ActivationState.ActiveTag);
pickedBody.DeactivationTime = 0;
pickedBody = null;
}
}
}
// Mouse movement
if (Input.MouseDown == MouseButtonFlags.RightDown)
{
if (pickConstraint != null)
{
Vector3 newRayTo = GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, FieldOfView);
if (pickConstraint.ConstraintType == TypedConstraintType.D6)
{
Generic6DofConstraint pickCon = pickConstraint as Generic6DofConstraint;
//keep it at the same picking distance
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
Vector3 dir = newRayTo - rayFrom;
dir.Normalize();
dir *= oldPickingDist;
Vector3 newPivotB = rayFrom + dir;
Matrix tempFrameOffsetA = pickCon.FrameOffsetA;
tempFrameOffsetA.M41 = newPivotB.X;
tempFrameOffsetA.M42 = newPivotB.Y;
tempFrameOffsetA.M43 = newPivotB.Z;
pickCon.FrameOffsetA = tempFrameOffsetA;
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint pickCon = pickConstraint as Point2PointConstraint;
//keep it at the same picking distance
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
Vector3 dir = newRayTo - rayFrom;
dir.Normalize();
dir *= oldPickingDist;
pickCon.PivotInB = rayFrom + dir;
}
}
}
}
public static OpenTK.Vector3 GetPivotInB(this Point2PointConstraint obj)
{
OpenTK.Vector3 value;
GetPivotInB(obj, out value);
return(value);
}
protected virtual void OnHandleInput()
{
if (Input.KeysPressed.Count != 0)
{
switch (Input.KeysPressed[0])
{
case Keys.Escape:
case Keys.Q:
Form.Close();
return;
case Keys.F1:
MessageBox.Show(
"Move using mouse and WASD + shift\n" +
"Space - Shoot box\n" +
"Q - Quit\n\n" +
"G - Toggle shadows\n" +
"L - Toggle deferred lighting\n",
"Help");
return;
case Keys.F3:
//IsDebugDrawEnabled = !IsDebugDrawEnabled;
break;
case Keys.F11:
//ToggleFullScreen();
break;
case (Keys.Control | Keys.F):
const int maxSerializeBufferSize = 1024 * 1024 * 5;
DefaultSerializer serializer = new DefaultSerializer(maxSerializeBufferSize);
PhysicsContext.World.Serialize(serializer);
byte[] dataBytes = new byte[serializer.CurrentBufferSize];
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Copy(serializer.BufferPointer, dataBytes, 0, dataBytes.Length);
System.IO.FileStream file = new System.IO.FileStream("world.bullet", System.IO.FileMode.Create);
file.Write(dataBytes, 0, dataBytes.Length);
file.Dispose();
break;
case Keys.G:
shadowsEnabled = !shadowsEnabled;
break;
case Keys.L:
deferredLightingEnabled = !deferredLightingEnabled;
break;
case Keys.Space:
PhysicsContext.ShootBox(Freelook.Eye, GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, FieldOfView));
break;
}
}
if (Input.MousePressed != MouseButtons.None)
{
Vector3 rayTo = GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, FieldOfView);
if (Input.MousePressed == MouseButtons.Right)
{
if (PhysicsContext.World != null)
{
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
ClosestRayResultCallback rayCallback = new ClosestRayResultCallback(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo);
PhysicsContext.World.RayTest(rayFrom, rayTo, rayCallback);
if (rayCallback.HasHit)
{
RigidBody body = rayCallback.CollisionObject as RigidBody;
if (body != null)
{
if (!(body.IsStaticObject || body.IsKinematicObject))
{
pickedBody = body;
pickedBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 pickPos = rayCallback.HitPointWorld;
Vector3 localPivot = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pickPos, Matrix.Invert(body.CenterOfMassTransform));
if (Input.KeysDown.Contains(Keys.ShiftKey))
{
Generic6DofConstraint dof6 = new Generic6DofConstraint(body, Matrix.Translation(localPivot), false)
{
LinearLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
LinearUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero
};
PhysicsContext.World.AddConstraint(dof6);
pickConstraint = dof6;
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 5);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 5);
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body, localPivot);
PhysicsContext.World.AddConstraint(p2p);
pickConstraint = p2p;
p2p.Setting.ImpulseClamp = 30;
//very weak constraint for picking
p2p.Setting.Tau = 0.001f;
/*
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 2);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 2);
*/
}
oldPickingDist = (pickPos - rayFrom).Length();
}
}
}
rayCallback.Dispose();
}
}
}
else if (Input.MouseReleased == MouseButtons.Right)
{
RemovePickingConstraint();
}
// Mouse movement
if (Input.MouseDown == MouseButtons.Right)
{
if (pickConstraint != null)
{
Vector3 newRayTo = GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, FieldOfView);
if (pickConstraint.ConstraintType == TypedConstraintType.D6)
{
Generic6DofConstraint pickCon = pickConstraint as Generic6DofConstraint;
//keep it at the same picking distance
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
Vector3 dir = newRayTo - rayFrom;
dir.Normalize();
dir *= oldPickingDist;
Vector3 newPivotB = rayFrom + dir;
Matrix tempFrameOffsetA = pickCon.FrameOffsetA;
tempFrameOffsetA.M41 = newPivotB.X;
tempFrameOffsetA.M42 = newPivotB.Y;
tempFrameOffsetA.M43 = newPivotB.Z;
pickCon.SetFrames(tempFrameOffsetA, pickCon.FrameOffsetB);
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint pickCon = pickConstraint as Point2PointConstraint;
//keep it at the same picking distance
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
Vector3 dir = newRayTo - rayFrom;
dir.Normalize();
dir *= oldPickingDist;
pickCon.PivotInB = rayFrom + dir;
}
}
}
}
public virtual void OnHandleInput()
{
if (Input.KeysPressed.Count != 0)
{
switch (Input.KeysPressed[0])
{
case Keys.Escape:
case Keys.Q:
Graphics.Form.Close();
return;
case Keys.F3:
IsDebugDrawEnabled = !IsDebugDrawEnabled;
break;
case Keys.F8:
Input.ClearKeyCache();
GraphicsLibraryManager.ExitWithReload = true;
Graphics.Form.Close();
break;
case Keys.F11:
Graphics.IsFullScreen = !Graphics.IsFullScreen;
break;
case Keys.G:
//shadowsEnabled = !shadowsEnabled;
break;
case Keys.Space:
ShootBox(Freelook.Eye, GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView));
break;
case Keys.Return:
ClientResetScene();
break;
}
}
if (Input.MousePressed != MouseButtons.None)
{
Vector3 rayTo = GetRayTo(Input.MousePoint, Freelook.Eye, Freelook.Target, Graphics.FieldOfView);
if (Input.MousePressed == MouseButtons.Right)
{
if (_world != null)
{
Vector3 rayFrom = Freelook.Eye;
ClosestRayResultCallback rayCallback = new ClosestRayResultCallback(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo);
_world.RayTest(ref rayFrom, ref rayTo, rayCallback);
if (rayCallback.HasHit)
{
Vector3 pickPos = rayCallback.HitPointWorld;
RigidBody body = rayCallback.CollisionObject as RigidBody;
if (body != null)
{
if (!(body.IsStaticObject || body.IsKinematicObject))
{
pickedBody = body;
pickedBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 localPivot = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pickPos, Matrix.Invert(body.CenterOfMassTransform));
if (Input.KeysDown.Contains(Keys.ShiftKey))
{
Generic6DofConstraint dof6 = new Generic6DofConstraint(body, Matrix.Translation(localPivot), false)
{
LinearLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
LinearUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularLowerLimit = Vector3.Zero,
AngularUpperLimit = Vector3.Zero
};
_world.AddConstraint(dof6);
pickConstraint = dof6;
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopCfm, 0.8f, 5);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 0);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 1);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 2);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 3);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 4);
dof6.SetParam(ConstraintParam.StopErp, 0.1f, 5);
}
else
{
Point2PointConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body, localPivot);
_world.AddConstraint(p2p);
pickConstraint = p2p;
p2p.Setting.ImpulseClamp = 30;
//very weak constraint for picking
p2p.Setting.Tau = 0.001f;
/*
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Cfm, 0.8f, 2);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 0);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 1);
p2p.SetParam(ConstraintParams.Erp, 0.1f, 2);
*/
}
}
}
else
{
MultiBodyLinkCollider multiCol = rayCallback.CollisionObject as MultiBodyLinkCollider;
if (multiCol != null && multiCol.MultiBody != null)
{
MultiBody mb = multiCol.MultiBody;
prevCanSleep = mb.CanSleep;
mb.CanSleep = false;
Vector3 pivotInA = mb.WorldPosToLocal(multiCol.Link, pickPos);
MultiBodyPoint2Point p2p = new MultiBodyPoint2Point(mb, multiCol.Link, null, pivotInA, pickPos);
p2p.MaxAppliedImpulse = 2;
(World as MultiBodyDynamicsWorld).AddMultiBodyConstraint(p2p);
pickingMultiBodyPoint2Point = p2p;
}
}
oldPickingDist = (pickPos - rayFrom).Length;
}
rayCallback.Dispose();
}
}
}
else if (Input.MouseReleased == MouseButtons.Right)
{
RemovePickingConstraint();
}
// Mouse movement
if (Input.MouseDown == MouseButtons.Right)
{
MovePickedBody();
}
}
public Physics()
{
SetupEmptyDynamicsWorld();
CollisionShape groundShape = new BoxShape(50, 1, 50);
//CollisionShape groundShape = new StaticPlaneShape(Vector3.UnitY, 40);
CollisionShapes.Add(groundShape);
RigidBody body = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(0, -16, 0), groundShape);
body.UserObject = "Ground";
CollisionShape shape = new BoxShape(new Vector3(CubeHalfExtents));
CollisionShapes.Add(shape);
float mass = 1.0f;
RigidBody body0 = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(0, 20, 0), shape);
RigidBody body1 = null;//LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(2*CUBE_HALF_EXTENTS,20,0), shape);
//RigidBody body1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(2*CUBE_HALF_EXTENTS,20,0), null);
//body1.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
//body1.SetDamping(0.3f, 0.3f);
Vector3 pivotInA = new Vector3(CubeHalfExtents, -CubeHalfExtents, -CubeHalfExtents);
Vector3 axisInA = new Vector3(0, 0, 1);
Vector3 pivotInB;
if (body1 != null)
{
Matrix transform = Matrix.Invert(body1.CenterOfMassTransform) * body0.CenterOfMassTransform;
pivotInB = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(pivotInA, transform);
}
else
{
pivotInB = pivotInA;
}
Vector3 axisInB;
if (body1 != null)
{
Matrix transform = Matrix.Invert(body1.CenterOfMassTransform) * body1.CenterOfMassTransform;
axisInB = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(axisInA, transform);
}
else
{
axisInB = Vector3.TransformCoordinate(axisInA, body0.CenterOfMassTransform);
}
if (P2P)
{
TypedConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body0, pivotInA);
//TypedConstraint p2p = new Point2PointConstraint(body0,body1,pivotInA,pivotInB);
//TypedConstraint hinge = new HingeConstraint(body0,body1,pivotInA,pivotInB,axisInA,axisInB);
World.AddConstraint(p2p);
p2p.DebugDrawSize = 5;
}
else
{
HingeConstraint hinge = new HingeConstraint(body0, pivotInA, axisInA);
//use zero targetVelocity and a small maxMotorImpulse to simulate joint friction
//float targetVelocity = 0.f;
//float maxMotorImpulse = 0.01;
float targetVelocity = 1.0f;
float maxMotorImpulse = 1.0f;
hinge.EnableAngularMotor(true, targetVelocity, maxMotorImpulse);
World.AddConstraint(hinge);
hinge.DebugDrawSize = 5;
}
//create a slider, using the generic D6 constraint
Vector3 sliderWorldPos = new Vector3(0, 10, 0);
Vector3 sliderAxis = Vector3.UnitX;
float angle = 0;//SIMD_RADS_PER_DEG * 10.f;
Matrix trans = Matrix.RotationAxis(sliderAxis, angle) * Matrix.Translation(sliderWorldPos);
d6body0 = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, trans, shape);
d6body0.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
RigidBody fixedBody1 = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, trans, null);
World.AddRigidBody(fixedBody1);
Matrix frameInA = Matrix.Translation(0, 5, 0);
Matrix frameInB = Matrix.Translation(0, 5, 0);
//bool useLinearReferenceFrameA = false;//use fixed frame B for linear llimits
bool useLinearReferenceFrameA = true;//use fixed frame A for linear llimits
spSlider6Dof = new Generic6DofConstraint(fixedBody1, d6body0, frameInA, frameInB, useLinearReferenceFrameA);
spSlider6Dof.LinearLowerLimit = lowerSliderLimit;
spSlider6Dof.LinearUpperLimit = hiSliderLimit;
//range should be small, otherwise singularities will 'explode' the constraint
//spSlider6Dof.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-1.5f,0,0);
//spSlider6Dof.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(1.5f,0,0);
//spSlider6Dof.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0,0,0);
//spSlider6Dof.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0,0,0);
spSlider6Dof.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3((float)-Math.PI, 0, 0);
spSlider6Dof.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(1.5f, 0, 0);
spSlider6Dof.TranslationalLimitMotor.EnableMotor[0] = true;
spSlider6Dof.TranslationalLimitMotor.TargetVelocity = new Vector3(-5.0f, 0, 0);
spSlider6Dof.TranslationalLimitMotor.MaxMotorForce = new Vector3(0.1f, 0, 0);
World.AddConstraint(spSlider6Dof);
spSlider6Dof.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a door using hinge constraint attached to the world
CollisionShape pDoorShape = new BoxShape(2.0f, 5.0f, 0.2f);
CollisionShapes.Add(pDoorShape);
RigidBody pDoorBody = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-5.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f), pDoorShape);
pDoorBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 btPivotA = new Vector3(10.0f + 2.1f, -2.0f, 0.0f); // right next to the door slightly outside
Vector3 btAxisA = Vector3.UnitY; // pointing upwards, aka Y-axis
spDoorHinge = new HingeConstraint(pDoorBody, btPivotA, btAxisA);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(0.0f, (float)Math.PI / 2);
// test problem values
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(1, -1);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI, 0.9f, 0.3f, 0.0f);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI, 0.9f, 0.01f, 0.0f); // "sticky limits"
spDoorHinge.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI * 0.25f, (float)Math.PI * 0.25f);
//spDoorHinge.SetLimit(0, 0);
World.AddConstraint(spDoorHinge);
spDoorHinge.DebugDrawSize = 5;
RigidBody pDropBody = LocalCreateRigidBody(10.0f, Matrix.Translation(-5.0f, 2.0f, 0.0f), shape);
// create a generic 6DOF constraint
//RigidBody pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(10.0f, 6.0f, 0), shape);
RigidBody pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(10, 6, 0), shape);
//RigidBody pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(10, 6, 0), null);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
RigidBody pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(mass, Matrix.Translation(0, 6, 0), shape);
//RigidBody pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(0, 6, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
frameInA = Matrix.Translation(-5, 0, 0);
frameInB = Matrix.Translation(5, 0, 0);
Generic6DofConstraint pGen6DOF = new Generic6DofConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB, true);
//Generic6DofConstraint pGen6DOF = new Generic6DofConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB, false);
pGen6DOF.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(-10, -2, -1);
pGen6DOF.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(10, 2, 1);
//pGen6DOF.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(-10, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(10, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.TranslationalLimitMotor.EnableMotor[0] = true;
//pGen6DOF.TranslationalLimitMotor.TargetVelocity = new Vector3(5, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.TranslationalLimitMotor.MaxMotorForce = new Vector3(0.1f, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, (float)Math.PI * 0.9f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, -(float)Math.PI * 0.9f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, -(float)Math.PI);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, (float)Math.PI);
pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-(float)Math.PI / 4, -0.75f, -(float)Math.PI * 0.4f);
pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3((float)Math.PI / 4, 0.75f, (float)Math.PI * 0.4f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, -0.75f, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0.75f, -(float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, -(float)Math.PI * 0.8f, (float)Math.PI * 1.98f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f, -(float)Math.PI * 1.98f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-0.75f, -0.5f, -0.5f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0.75f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-0.75f, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0.75f, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, -0.7f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0.7f, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(-1, 0, 0);
//pGen6DOF.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
// create a ConeTwist constraint
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-10, 5, 0), shape);
//pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-10, 5, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-10, -5, 0), shape);
//pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-10, -5, 0), shape);
frameInA = Matrix.RotationYawPitchRoll(0, 0, (float)Math.PI / 2);
frameInA *= Matrix.Translation(0, -5, 0);
frameInB = Matrix.RotationYawPitchRoll(0, 0, (float)Math.PI / 2);
frameInB *= Matrix.Translation(0, 5, 0);
coneTwist = new ConeTwistConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB);
//coneTwist.SetLimit((float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f);
//coneTwist.SetLimit((((float)Math.PI / 4) * 0.6f), (float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f, 1.0f); // soft limit == hard limit
coneTwist.SetLimit((((float)Math.PI / 4) * 0.6f), (float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI * 0.8f, 0.5f);
World.AddConstraint(coneTwist, true);
coneTwist.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// Hinge connected to the world, with motor (to hinge motor with new and old constraint solver)
RigidBody pBody = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Identity, shape);
pBody.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
Vector3 PivotA = new Vector3(10.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
btAxisA = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
HingeConstraint pHinge = new HingeConstraint(pBody, btPivotA, btAxisA);
//pHinge.EnableAngularMotor(true, -1.0f, 0.165f); // use for the old solver
pHinge.EnableAngularMotor(true, -1.0f, 1.65f); // use for the new SIMD solver
World.AddConstraint(pHinge);
pHinge.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a universal joint using generic 6DOF constraint
// create two rigid bodies
// static bodyA (parent) on top:
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(20, 4, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// dynamic bodyB (child) below it :
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(20, 0, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add some (arbitrary) data to build constraint frames
Vector3 parentAxis = new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
Vector3 childAxis = new Vector3(0, 0, 1);
Vector3 anchor = new Vector3(20, 2, 0);
UniversalConstraint pUniv = new UniversalConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, anchor, parentAxis, childAxis);
pUniv.SetLowerLimit(-(float)Math.PI / 4, -(float)Math.PI / 4);
pUniv.SetUpperLimit((float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI / 4);
// add constraint to world
World.AddConstraint(pUniv, true);
// draw constraint frames and limits for debugging
pUniv.DebugDrawSize = 5;
World.AddConstraint(pGen6DOF, true);
pGen6DOF.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a generic 6DOF constraint with springs
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-20, 16, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-10, 16, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
frameInA = Matrix.Translation(10, 0, 0);
frameInB = Matrix.Identity;
Generic6DofSpringConstraint pGen6DOFSpring = new Generic6DofSpringConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, frameInA, frameInB, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.LinearUpperLimit = new Vector3(5, 0, 0);
pGen6DOFSpring.LinearLowerLimit = new Vector3(-5, 0, 0);
pGen6DOFSpring.AngularLowerLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, -1.5f);
pGen6DOFSpring.AngularUpperLimit = new Vector3(0, 0, 1.5f);
World.AddConstraint(pGen6DOFSpring, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.DebugDrawSize = 5;
pGen6DOFSpring.EnableSpring(0, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetStiffness(0, 39.478f);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetDamping(0, 0.5f);
pGen6DOFSpring.EnableSpring(5, true);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetStiffness(5, 39.478f);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetDamping(0, 0.3f);
pGen6DOFSpring.SetEquilibriumPoint();
// create a Hinge2 joint
// create two rigid bodies
// static bodyA (parent) on top:
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(0, Matrix.Translation(-20, 4, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// dynamic bodyB (child) below it :
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-20, 0, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add some data to build constraint frames
parentAxis = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
childAxis = new Vector3(1, 0, 0);
anchor = new Vector3(-20, 0, 0);
Hinge2Constraint pHinge2 = new Hinge2Constraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, anchor, parentAxis, childAxis);
pHinge2.SetLowerLimit(-(float)Math.PI / 4);
pHinge2.SetUpperLimit((float)Math.PI / 4);
// add constraint to world
World.AddConstraint(pHinge2, true);
// draw constraint frames and limits for debugging
pHinge2.DebugDrawSize = 5;
// create a Hinge joint between two dynamic bodies
// create two rigid bodies
// static bodyA (parent) on top:
pBodyA = LocalCreateRigidBody(1.0f, Matrix.Translation(-20, -2, 0), shape);
pBodyA.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// dynamic bodyB:
pBodyB = LocalCreateRigidBody(10.0f, Matrix.Translation(-30, -2, 0), shape);
pBodyB.ActivationState = ActivationState.DisableDeactivation;
// add some data to build constraint frames
Vector3 axisA = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
Vector3 axisB = new Vector3(0, 1, 0);
Vector3 pivotA = new Vector3(-5, 0, 0);
Vector3 pivotB = new Vector3(5, 0, 0);
spHingeDynAB = new HingeConstraint(pBodyA, pBodyB, pivotA, pivotB, axisA, axisB);
spHingeDynAB.SetLimit(-(float)Math.PI / 4, (float)Math.PI / 4);
// add constraint to world
World.AddConstraint(spHingeDynAB, true);
// draw constraint frames and limits for debugging
spHingeDynAB.DebugDrawSize = 5;
}
