// The mask penalty calculation is complicated.  See Table 21 of JISX0510:2004 (p.45) for details.
 // Basically it applies four rules and summate all penalties.
 private static int calculateMaskPenalty(ByteMatrix matrix)
 {
     return(MaskUtil.applyMaskPenaltyRule1(matrix));
 }
        /// <summary>
        ///
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content"></param>
        /// <param name="ecLevel"></param>
        /// <param name="hints"></param>
        /// <param name="qrCode"></param>
        public static void encode(System.String content, ErrorCorrectionLevel ecLevel,
                                  IDictionary <EncodeHintType, object> hints, MicroQRCode qrCode, int versionNum)
        {
            if (versionNum < 1 || versionNum > 4)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("versionNum", "versionNum [1, 4]");
            }
            System.String encoding = null;
            if (hints.ContainsKey(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET))
            {
                encoding = hints == null ? null : (System.String)hints[EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET];
                if (encoding == null)
                {
                    encoding = DEFAULT_BYTE_MODE_ENCODING;
                }
            }

            // Step 1: Choose the mode (encoding).
            Mode mode = chooseMode(content, encoding);

            // Step 2: Append "bytes" into "dataBits" in appropriate encoding.
            BitVector dataBits = new BitVector();

            appendBytes(content, mode, dataBits, encoding, versionNum);
            // Step 3: Initialize QR code that can contain "dataBits".
            int numInputBytes = dataBits.sizeInBytes();

            initQRCode(numInputBytes, ecLevel, mode, qrCode, versionNum);

            // Step 4: Build another bit vector that contains header and data.
            BitVector headerAndDataBits = new BitVector();

            //INFO ECB+Mode+Length+Data[+terminate]
            // Step 4.5: Append ECI message if applicable
            appendModeInfo(mode, headerAndDataBits, versionNum);
            int numLetters = mode.Equals(Mode.BYTE) ? dataBits.sizeInBytes() : content.Length;

            appendLengthInfo(numLetters, qrCode.Version, mode, headerAndDataBits);
            headerAndDataBits.appendBitVector(dataBits);

            // Step 5: Terminate the bits properly.
            terminateBits(qrCode.NumDataBytes, headerAndDataBits, versionNum);

            // Step 6: Interleave data bits with error correction code.
            BitVector finalBits = new BitVector();

            interleaveWithECBytes(headerAndDataBits, versionNum, qrCode.NumTotalBytes, qrCode.NumDataBytes, qrCode.NumRSBlocks, finalBits);

            // Step 7: Choose the mask pattern and set to "qrCode".
            ByteMatrix matrix = new ByteMatrix(qrCode.MatrixWidth, qrCode.MatrixWidth);

            qrCode.MaskPattern = chooseMaskPattern(finalBits, qrCode.ECLevel, qrCode.Version, matrix);

            // Step 8.  Build the matrix and set it to "qrCode".
            MatrixUtil.buildMatrix(finalBits, qrCode.ECLevel, qrCode.Version, qrCode.MaskPattern, matrix);
            qrCode.Matrix = matrix;

            //var decoder = new com.google.zxing.microqrcode.decoder.Decoder();
            //var res = decoder.decode(com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix.FromByteMatrix(matrix));
            //Console.WriteLine(res.Text);

            // Step 9.  Make sure we have a valid QR Code.
            if (!qrCode.Valid)
            {
                throw new WriterException("Invalid QR code: " + qrCode.ToString());
            }
        }
        private static int chooseMaskPattern(BitVector bits, ErrorCorrectionLevel ecLevel, int version, ByteMatrix matrix)
        {
            int maxPenalty      = System.Int32.MinValue; // highest penalty is better.
            int bestMaskPattern = -1;

            // We try all mask patterns to choose the best one.
            for (int maskPattern = 0; maskPattern < MicroQRCode.NUM_MASK_PATTERNS; maskPattern++)
            {
                MatrixUtil.buildMatrix(bits, ecLevel, version, maskPattern, matrix);
                int penalty = calculateMaskPenalty(matrix);
                if (penalty > maxPenalty)
                {
                    maxPenalty      = penalty;
                    bestMaskPattern = maskPattern;
                }
            }
            return(bestMaskPattern);
        }