static void Main(string[] args) { DateTime timer = DateTime.Now; // set up dates Calendar calendar = new TARGET(); Date todaysDate = new Date(15, Month.May, 1998); Date settlementDate = new Date(17, Month.May, 1998); Settings.setEvaluationDate(todaysDate); // our options Option.Type type = Option.Type.Put; double underlying = 36; double strike = 40; double dividendYield = 0.00; double riskFreeRate = 0.06; double volatility = 0.20; Date maturity = new Date(17, Month.May, 1999); DayCounter dayCounter = new Actual365Fixed(); Console.WriteLine("Option type = " + type); Console.WriteLine("Maturity = " + maturity); Console.WriteLine("Underlying price = " + underlying); Console.WriteLine("Strike = " + strike); Console.WriteLine("Risk-free interest rate = {0:0.000000%}", riskFreeRate); Console.WriteLine("Dividend yield = {0:0.000000%}", dividendYield); Console.WriteLine("Volatility = {0:0.000000%}", volatility); Console.Write("\n"); string method; Console.Write("\n"); // write column headings int[] widths = new int[] { 35, 14, 14, 14 }; Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", "Method"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + "}", "European"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "Bermudan"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + "}", "American"); List <Date> exerciseDates = new List <Date>();; for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) { exerciseDates.Add(settlementDate + new Period(3 * i, TimeUnit.Months)); } Exercise europeanExercise = new EuropeanExercise(maturity); Exercise bermudanExercise = new BermudanExercise(exerciseDates); Exercise americanExercise = new AmericanExercise(settlementDate, maturity); Handle <Quote> underlyingH = new Handle <Quote>(new SimpleQuote(underlying)); // bootstrap the yield/dividend/vol curves var flatTermStructure = new Handle <YieldTermStructure>(new FlatForward(settlementDate, riskFreeRate, dayCounter)); var flatDividendTS = new Handle <YieldTermStructure>(new FlatForward(settlementDate, dividendYield, dayCounter)); var flatVolTS = new Handle <BlackVolTermStructure>(new BlackConstantVol(settlementDate, calendar, volatility, dayCounter)); StrikedTypePayoff payoff = new PlainVanillaPayoff(type, strike); var bsmProcess = new BlackScholesMertonProcess(underlyingH, flatDividendTS, flatTermStructure, flatVolTS); // options VanillaOption europeanOption = new VanillaOption(payoff, europeanExercise); VanillaOption bermudanOption = new VanillaOption(payoff, bermudanExercise); VanillaOption americanOption = new VanillaOption(payoff, americanExercise); // Analytic formulas: // Black-Scholes for European method = "Black-Scholes"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new AnalyticEuropeanEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + "}", "N/A"); // Barone-Adesi and Whaley approximation for American method = "Barone-Adesi/Whaley"; americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BaroneAdesiWhaleyApproximationEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + "}", "N/A"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Bjerksund and Stensland approximation for American method = "Bjerksund/Stensland"; americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BjerksundStenslandApproximationEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + "}", "N/A"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Integral method = "Integral"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new IntegralEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + "}", "N/A"); // Finite differences int timeSteps = 801; method = "Finite differences"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new FDEuropeanEngine(bsmProcess, timeSteps, timeSteps - 1)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new FDBermudanEngine(bsmProcess, timeSteps, timeSteps - 1)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new FDAmericanEngine(bsmProcess, timeSteps, timeSteps - 1)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Jarrow-Rudd method = "Binomial Jarrow-Rudd"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <JarrowRudd>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <JarrowRudd>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <JarrowRudd>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); method = "Binomial Cox-Ross-Rubinstein"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <CoxRossRubinstein>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <CoxRossRubinstein>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <CoxRossRubinstein>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Additive equiprobabilities method = "Additive equiprobabilities"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <AdditiveEQPBinomialTree>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <AdditiveEQPBinomialTree>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <AdditiveEQPBinomialTree>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Trigeorgis method = "Binomial Trigeorgis"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Trigeorgis>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Trigeorgis>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Trigeorgis>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Tian method = "Binomial Tian"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Tian>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Tian>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Tian>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Leisen-Reimer method = "Binomial Leisen-Reimer"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <LeisenReimer>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <LeisenReimer>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <LeisenReimer>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Joshi method = "Binomial Joshi"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Joshi4>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Joshi4>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine <Joshi4>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Monte Carlo Method: MC (crude) timeSteps = 1; method = "MC (crude)"; ulong mcSeed = 42; IPricingEngine mcengine1 = new MakeMCEuropeanEngine <PseudoRandom>(bsmProcess) .withSteps(timeSteps) .withAbsoluteTolerance(0.02) .withSeed(mcSeed) .value(); europeanOption.setPricingEngine(mcengine1); // Real errorEstimate = europeanOption.errorEstimate(); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); // Monte Carlo Method: QMC (Sobol) method = "QMC (Sobol)"; int nSamples = 32768; // 2^15 IPricingEngine mcengine2 = new MakeMCEuropeanEngine <LowDiscrepancy>(bsmProcess) .withSteps(timeSteps) .withSamples(nSamples) .value(); europeanOption.setPricingEngine(mcengine2); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); // Monte Carlo Method: MC (Longstaff Schwartz) method = "MC (Longstaff Schwartz)"; IPricingEngine mcengine3 = new MakeMCAmericanEngine <PseudoRandom>(bsmProcess) .withSteps(100) .withAntitheticVariate() .withCalibrationSamples(4096) .withAbsoluteTolerance(0.02) .withSeed(mcSeed) .value(); americanOption.setPricingEngine(mcengine3); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // End test Console.WriteLine(" \nRun completed in {0}", DateTime.Now - timer); Console.WriteLine(); Console.Write("Press any key to continue ..."); Console.ReadKey(); }
//static void Main(string[] args) //{ // List<double> xGrid = Enumerable.Range(0, 100).Select(x => x / 10.0).ToList(); // List<double> yGrid = Enumerable.Range(0, 100).Select(x => x / 10.0).ToList(); // //List<double> xGrid = Enumerable.Range(0, 100); // CubicInterpolation cubic = new CubicInterpolation(xGrid, xGrid.Count, yGrid, // CubicInterpolation.DerivativeApprox.Kruger, true, // CubicInterpolation.BoundaryCondition.SecondDerivative , 0.0, // CubicInterpolation.BoundaryCondition.SecondDerivative , 0.0); //} static void Main(string[] args) { DateTime timer = DateTime.Now; // set up dates Calendar calendar = new TARGET(); Date todaysDate = new Date(15, Month.May, 1998); Date settlementDate = new Date(17, Month.May, 1998); Settings.setEvaluationDate(todaysDate); // our options Option.Type type = Option.Type.Put; double underlying = 36; double strike = 40; double dividendYield = 0.00; double riskFreeRate = 0.06; double volatility = 0.20; Date maturity = new Date(17, Month.May, 1999); DayCounter dayCounter = new Actual365Fixed(); Console.WriteLine("Option type = " + type); Console.WriteLine("Maturity = " + maturity); Console.WriteLine("Underlying price = " + underlying); Console.WriteLine("Strike = " + strike); Console.WriteLine("Risk-free interest rate = {0:0.000000%}", riskFreeRate); Console.WriteLine("Dividend yield = {0:0.000000%}", dividendYield); Console.WriteLine("Volatility = {0:0.000000%}", volatility); Console.Write("\n"); string method; Console.Write("\n"); // write column headings int[] widths = new int[] { 35, 14, 14, 14 }; Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", "Method"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + "}", "European"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "Bermudan"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + "}", "American"); List<Date> exerciseDates = new List<Date>(); ; for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) exerciseDates.Add(settlementDate + new Period(3 * i, TimeUnit.Months)); Exercise europeanExercise = new EuropeanExercise(maturity); Exercise bermudanExercise = new BermudanExercise(exerciseDates); Exercise americanExercise = new AmericanExercise(settlementDate, maturity); Handle<Quote> underlyingH = new Handle<Quote>(new SimpleQuote(underlying)); // bootstrap the yield/dividend/vol curves var flatTermStructure = new Handle<YieldTermStructure>(new FlatForward(settlementDate, riskFreeRate, dayCounter)); var flatDividendTS = new Handle<YieldTermStructure>(new FlatForward(settlementDate, dividendYield, dayCounter)); var flatVolTS = new Handle<BlackVolTermStructure>(new BlackConstantVol(settlementDate, calendar, volatility, dayCounter)); StrikedTypePayoff payoff = new PlainVanillaPayoff(type, strike); var bsmProcess = new BlackScholesMertonProcess(underlyingH, flatDividendTS, flatTermStructure, flatVolTS); // options VanillaOption europeanOption = new VanillaOption(payoff, europeanExercise); VanillaOption bermudanOption = new VanillaOption(payoff, bermudanExercise); VanillaOption americanOption = new VanillaOption(payoff, americanExercise); // Analytic formulas: // Black-Scholes for European method = "Black-Scholes"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new AnalyticEuropeanEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + "}", "N/A"); europeanOption.theta(); // Barone-Adesi and Whaley approximation for American method = "Barone-Adesi/Whaley"; americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BaroneAdesiWhaleyApproximationEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + "}", "N/A"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Bjerksund and Stensland approximation for American method = "Bjerksund/Stensland"; americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BjerksundStenslandApproximationEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + "}", "N/A"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Integral method = "Integral"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new IntegralEngine(bsmProcess)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + "}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + "}", "N/A"); // Finite differences int timeSteps = 801; method = "Finite differences"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new FDEuropeanEngine(bsmProcess, timeSteps, timeSteps - 1)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new FDBermudanEngine(bsmProcess, timeSteps, timeSteps - 1)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new FDAmericanEngine(bsmProcess, timeSteps, timeSteps - 1)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Jarrow-Rudd method = "Binomial Jarrow-Rudd"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<JarrowRudd>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<JarrowRudd>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<JarrowRudd>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); method = "Binomial Cox-Ross-Rubinstein"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<CoxRossRubinstein>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<CoxRossRubinstein>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<CoxRossRubinstein>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Additive equiprobabilities method = "Additive equiprobabilities"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<AdditiveEQPBinomialTree>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<AdditiveEQPBinomialTree>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<AdditiveEQPBinomialTree>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Trigeorgis method = "Binomial Trigeorgis"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Trigeorgis>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Trigeorgis>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Trigeorgis>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Tian method = "Binomial Tian"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Tian>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Tian>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Tian>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Leisen-Reimer method = "Binomial Leisen-Reimer"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<LeisenReimer>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<LeisenReimer>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<LeisenReimer>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Binomial method: Binomial Joshi method = "Binomial Joshi"; europeanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Joshi4>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); bermudanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Joshi4>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); americanOption.setPricingEngine(new BinomialVanillaEngine<Joshi4>(bsmProcess, timeSteps)); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", bermudanOption.NPV()); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // Monte Carlo Method: MC (crude) timeSteps = 1; method = "MC (crude)"; ulong mcSeed = 42; IPricingEngine mcengine1 = new MakeMCEuropeanEngine<PseudoRandom>(bsmProcess) .withSteps(timeSteps) .withAbsoluteTolerance(0.02) .withSeed(mcSeed) .value(); europeanOption.setPricingEngine(mcengine1); // Real errorEstimate = europeanOption.errorEstimate(); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); // Monte Carlo Method: QMC (Sobol) method = "QMC (Sobol)"; int nSamples = 32768; // 2^15 IPricingEngine mcengine2 = new MakeMCEuropeanEngine<LowDiscrepancy>(bsmProcess) .withSteps(timeSteps) .withSamples(nSamples) .value(); europeanOption.setPricingEngine(mcengine2); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", europeanOption.NPV()); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); // Monte Carlo Method: MC (Longstaff Schwartz) method = "MC (Longstaff Schwartz)"; IPricingEngine mcengine3 = new MakeMCAmericanEngine<PseudoRandom>(bsmProcess) .withSteps(100) .withAntitheticVariate() .withCalibrationSamples(4096) .withAbsoluteTolerance(0.02) .withSeed(mcSeed) .value(); americanOption.setPricingEngine(mcengine3); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[0] + "}", method); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[1] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.Write("{0,-" + widths[2] + ":0.000000}", "N/A"); Console.WriteLine("{0,-" + widths[3] + ":0.000000}", americanOption.NPV()); // End test Console.WriteLine(" \nRun completed in {0}", DateTime.Now - timer); Console.WriteLine(); Console.Write("Press any key to continue ..."); Console.ReadKey(); }