/// <summary>
/// Find name in tree. Return a reference to the node
/// if symbol found else return null to indicate failure.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">Name of node to locate</param>
/// <returns>Returns null if it fails to find the node, else returns reference to node</returns>
public TTreeNode searchTree(string name)
{
Console.WriteLine("Searching for name = {0}", name);
TTreeNode np = root;
int cmp;
while (np != null)
{
cmp = String.Compare(name, np.name);
if (cmp == 0) // found !
{
return(np);
}
if (cmp < 0)
{
np = np.left;
}
else
{
np = np.right;
}
}
return(null); // Return null to indicate failure to find name
}
// Searches for a node with name key, name. If found it returns a reference
// to the node and to thenodes parent. Else returns null.
private TTreeNode findParent(string name, ref TTreeNode parent)
{
TTreeNode np = root;
parent = null;
int cmp;
while (np != null)
{
cmp = String.Compare(name, np.name);
if (cmp == 0) // found !
{
return(np);
}
if (cmp < 0)
{
parent = np;
np = np.left;
}
else
{
parent = np;
np = np.right;
}
}
return(null); // Return null to indicate failure to find name
}
// Constructor to create a single node
public TTreeNode(string name, double d)
{
this.name = name;
value = d;
left = null;
right = null;
}
// Recursively locates an empty slot in the binary tree and inserts the node
private void add(TTreeNode node, ref TTreeNode tree)
{
if (tree == null)
{
tree = node;
}
else
{
// If we find a node with the same name then it's
// a duplicate and we can't continue
int comparison = String.Compare(node.name, tree.name);
if (comparison == 0)
{
throw new Exception();
}
if (comparison < 0)
{
add(node, ref tree.left);
}
else
{
add(node, ref tree.right);
}
}
}
// Recursive destruction of binary search tree, called by method clear
// and destroy. Can be used to kill a sub-tree of a larger tree.
// This is a hanger on from its Delphi origins, it might be dispensable
// given the garbage collection abilities of .NET
private void killTree(ref TTreeNode p)
{
if (p != null)
{
killTree(ref p.left);
killTree(ref p.right);
p = null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Find the next ordinal node starting at node startNode.
/// Due to the structure of a binary search tree, the
/// successor node is simply the left most node on the right branch.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startNode">Name key to use for searching</param>
/// <param name="parent">Returns the parent node if search successful</param>
/// <returns>Returns a reference to the node if successful, else null</returns>
public TTreeNode findSuccessor(TTreeNode startNode, ref TTreeNode parent)
{
parent = startNode;
// Look for the left-most node on the right side
startNode = startNode.right;
while (startNode.left != null)
{
parent = startNode;
startNode = startNode.left;
}
return(startNode);
}
// Simple 'drawing' routines
private string drawNode(TTreeNode node)
{
if (node == null)
{
return("empty");
}
if ((node.left == null) && (node.right == null))
{
return(node.name);
}
if ((node.left != null) && (node.right == null))
{
return(node.name + "(" + drawNode(node.left) + ", _)");
}
if ((node.right != null) && (node.left == null))
{
return(node.name + "(_, " + drawNode(node.right) + ")");
}
return(node.name + "(" + drawNode(node.left) + ", " + drawNode(node.right) + ")");
}
/// <summary>
/// Add a symbol to the tree if it's a new one. Returns reference to the new
/// node if a new node inserted, else returns null to indicate node already present.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">Name of node to add to tree</param>
/// <param name="d">Value of node</param>
/// <returns> Returns reference to the new node is the node was inserted.
/// If a duplicate node (same name was located then returns null</returns>
public TTreeNode insert(string name, double d)
{
Console.WriteLine("Inserting node with name = {0} and integer code = {1}", name, d);
TTreeNode node = new TTreeNode(name, d);
try
{
if (root == null)
{
root = node;
}
else
{
add(node, ref root);
}
_count++;
return(node);
}
catch (Exception)
{
return(null);
}
}
public BinaryTreeNew()
{
root = null;
_count = 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Delete a given node. This is the more complex method in the binary search
/// class. The method considers three senarios, 1) the deleted node has no
/// children; 2) the deleted node as one child; 3) the deleted node has two
/// children. Case one and two are relatively simple to handle, the only
/// unusual considerations are when the node is the root node. Case 3) is
/// much more complicated. It requires the location of the successor node.
/// The node to be deleted is then replaced by the sucessor node and the
/// successor node itself deleted. Throws an exception if the method fails
/// to locate the node for deletion.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key">Name key of node to delete</param>
public void delete(string key)
{
Console.WriteLine("Deleting node with name = {0}", key);
TTreeNode parent = null;
// First find the node to delete and its parent
TTreeNode nodeToDelete = findParent(key, ref parent);
if (nodeToDelete == null)
{
throw new Exception("Unable to delete node: " + key.ToString()); // can't find node, then say so
}
// Three cases to consider, leaf, one child, two children
// If it is a simple leaf then just null what the parent is pointing to
if ((nodeToDelete.left == null) && (nodeToDelete.right == null))
{
if (parent == null)
{
root = null;
return;
}
// find out whether left or right is associated
// with the parent and null as appropriate
if (parent.left == nodeToDelete)
{
parent.left = null;
}
else
{
parent.right = null;
}
_count--;
return;
}
// One of the children is null, in this case
// delete the node and move child up
if (nodeToDelete.left == null)
{
// Special case if we're at the root
if (parent == null)
{
root = nodeToDelete.right;
return;
}
// Identify the child and point the parent at the child
if (parent.left == nodeToDelete)
{
parent.right = nodeToDelete.right;
}
else
{
parent.left = nodeToDelete.right;
}
nodeToDelete = null; // Clean up the deleted node
_count--;
return;
}
// One of the children is null, in this case
// delete the node and move child up
if (nodeToDelete.right == null)
{
// Special case if we're at the root
if (parent == null)
{
root = nodeToDelete.left;
return;
}
// Identify the child and point the parent at the child
if (parent.left == nodeToDelete)
{
parent.left = nodeToDelete.left;
}
else
{
parent.right = nodeToDelete.left;
}
nodeToDelete = null; // Clean up the deleted node
_count--;
return;
}
// Both children have nodes, therefore find the successor,
// replace deleted node with successor and remove successor
// The parent argument becomes the parent of the successor
TTreeNode successor = findSuccessor(nodeToDelete, ref parent);
// Make a copy of the successor node
TTreeNode tmp = new TTreeNode(successor.name, successor.value);
// Find out which side the successor parent is pointing to the
// successor and remove the successor
if (parent.left == successor)
{
parent.left = null;
}
else
{
parent.right = null;
}
// Copy over the successor values to the deleted node position
nodeToDelete.name = tmp.name;
nodeToDelete.value = tmp.value;
_count--;
}
