// change;
        protected void Button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string idString = this.TextBox1.Text.Trim();
            int    id       = idString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(idString);

            if (id != 0)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            name       = this.TextBox2.Text.Trim();
                string            department = this.TextBox3.Text.Trim();
                string            clas       = this.TextBox4.Text.Trim();
                if (name != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Student set studentName = '{name}' where studentId = {id};";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                if (department != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Student set studentDepartment = '{department}' where studentId = {id};";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                if (clas != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Student set studentClass = '{clas}' where studentId = {id};";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                this.GridView1.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // grade;
        #region
        // add;
        protected void Button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string studentIdString = this.TextBox14.Text.Trim();
            int    studentId       = studentIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(studentIdString);
            string courseIdString  = this.TextBox15.Text.Trim();
            int    courseId        = courseIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(courseIdString);
            string gradeString     = this.TextBox16.Text.Trim();
            int    grade           = gradeString == "" ? -1 : Convert.ToInt32(gradeString);

            if (studentId != 0 && courseId != 0 && grade != -1)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                // 判断是否有这个学生;
                string deltaStudentIdCommandText = $"select * from Student where studentId = {studentId};";
                // 判断是否有这个课程;
                string deltaCourseIdCommandText = $"select * from Course where courseId = {courseId};";
                if (databaseControler.findRecode(deltaStudentIdCommandText) && databaseControler.findRecode(deltaCourseIdCommandText) && grade >= 0 && grade <= 100)
                {
                    string commandText = $"insert into Grade values ({studentId}, {courseId}, {grade});";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                    this.GridView4.DataBind();
                }
                else
                {
                    Response.Write("<script>window.alert(\"请检查输入!!!\");</script>");
                }
            }
        }
        // course;
        #region
        // add;
        protected void Button9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string name            = this.TextBox9.Text.Trim();  // 课程名称;
            string teacherIdString = this.TextBox10.Text.Trim(); // 教师id;
            int    teacherId       = teacherIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(teacherIdString);
            string day             = this.TextBox11.Text.Trim(); // 上课日期(星期x);
            string time            = this.TextBox12.Text.Trim(); // 上课时间(第x节课);
            int    num             = 0;                          // 新建课程时的学生人数;

            if (name != "" && teacherId != 0 && day != "" && time != "")
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler         = new DatebaseControler();
                string            deltaTeacherIdCommandText = $"select * from Teacher where teacherId = {teacherId}";
                // 判断 Teacher 中有无该 teacherId;
                if (databaseControler.findRecode(deltaTeacherIdCommandText))
                {
                    string commandText = $"insert into Course values ('{name}', {teacherId}, '{day}', '{time}', {num});";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                    this.GridView3.DataBind();
                }
                else
                {
                    Response.Write("<script>window.alert(\"咱学校没有这个老师!!!\")</script>");
                }
            }
        }
        // delete;
        protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string idString = this.TextBox1.Text.Trim();
            int    id       = idString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(idString);

            if (id != 0)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                String            commandText       = $"delete from Student where studentId = {id};";
                databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                this.GridView1.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // teacher;
        #region
        // add;
        protected void Button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string name       = this.TextBox6.Text.Trim();
            string department = this.TextBox7.Text.Trim();

            if (name != "" && department != "")
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            commandText       = $"insert into Teacher values ('{name}', '{department}');";
                databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                this.GridView2.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // buttons;
        #region
        // student;
        #region
        // add;
        protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string name       = this.TextBox2.Text.Trim();
            string department = this.TextBox3.Text.Trim();
            string clas       = this.TextBox4.Text.Trim();

            if (name != "" && department != "" && clas != "")
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            commandText       = $"insert into Student values ('{name}', '{department}', '{clas}');";
                databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                this.GridView1.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // delete;
        protected void Button14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string studentIdString = this.TextBox14.Text.Trim();
            int    studentId       = studentIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(studentIdString);
            string courseIdString  = this.TextBox15.Text.Trim();
            int    courseId        = courseIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(courseIdString);

            if (studentId != 0 && courseId != 0)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            commandText       = $"delete from Grade where studentId = {studentId} and courseId = {courseId}";
                databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                this.GridView4.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // change;
        protected void Button11_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string idString = this.TextBox8.Text.Trim();
            int    id       = idString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(idString);

            if (id != 0)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            name            = this.TextBox9.Text.Trim();
                string            teacherIdString = this.TextBox10.Text.Trim();
                int    teacherId = teacherIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(teacherIdString);
                string day       = this.TextBox11.Text.Trim();
                string time      = this.TextBox12.Text.Trim();
                // 小问题: 如果更改 course 的信息时, teacher id 输入错误的话, 是否应该继续修改该 course 的其他属性呢?
                if (teacherId != 0)
                {
                    string deltaTeacherIdCommandText = $"select * from Teacher where teacherId = {teacherId}";
                    if (!databaseControler.findRecode(deltaTeacherIdCommandText))
                    {
                        // 此时用户输入中含有 teacherId 且该 teacherId 不在 Teacher中;
                        Response.Write("<script>window.alert(\"咱学校没这个老师!!!\");</script>");
                        return;
                    }
                }
                if (name != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Course set courseName = '{name}' where courseId = {id};";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                if (teacherId != 0)
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Course set teacherId = {teacherId} where courseId = {id};";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                if (day != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Course set courseDay = '{day}' where courseId = {id}";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                if (time != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Course set courseTime = '{time}' where courseId = {id}";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                this.GridView3.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // change;
        // 只允许通过 student id & course id 更新 grade;
        protected void Button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string studentIdString = this.TextBox14.Text.Trim();
            int    studentId       = studentIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(studentIdString);
            string courseIdString  = this.TextBox15.Text.Trim();
            int    courseId        = courseIdString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(courseIdString);
            string gradeString     = this.TextBox16.Text.Trim();
            int    grade           = gradeString == "" ? -1 : Convert.ToInt32(gradeString);

            if (studentId != 0 && courseId != 0 && grade != -1)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            commandText       = $"update Grade set grade = {grade} where studentId = {studentId} and courseId = {courseId}";
                databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                this.GridView4.DataBind();
            }
        }
        // change;
        protected void Button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string idString = this.TextBox5.Text.Trim();
            int    id       = idString == "" ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(idString);

            if (id != 0)
            {
                DatebaseControler databaseControler = new DatebaseControler();
                string            name       = this.TextBox6.Text.Trim();
                string            department = this.TextBox7.Text.Trim();
                if (name != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Teacher set teacherName = '{name}' where teacherId = {id}";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                if (department != "")
                {
                    string commandText = $"update Teacher set teacherDepartment = '{department}' where teacherId = {id};";
                    databaseControler.doSqlCommand(commandText);
                }
                this.GridView2.DataBind();
            }
        }