/// <summary>
        /// Create a new contact and assign it to one or more lists.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fields">A dictionary of field IDs (as the key) and
        /// the new field value (as the value).</param>
        /// <param name="listIDs">An array of list IDs to assign the contact
        /// to.</param>
        /// <returns>A representation of the newly created contact.</returns>
        public Responses.ContactEntity CreateContact(Dictionary <string, string> fields, int[] listIDs)
        {
            Requests.ContactEntity contact = new Requests.ContactEntity();

            Requests.FieldEntity[] fieldArray = new Requests.FieldEntity[fields.Count];
            int fieldCounter = 0;

            foreach (KeyValuePair <string, string> f in fields)
            {
                Requests.FieldEntity fieldEntity = new Requests.FieldEntity();
                fieldEntity.ID             = f.Key;
                fieldEntity.Value          = f.Value;
                fieldArray[fieldCounter++] = fieldEntity;
            }
            contact.Fields = fieldArray;

            if (listIDs.Length > 0)
            {
                int listCounter = 0;
                Requests.ListEntity[] listArray = new Requests.ListEntity[listIDs.Length];
                foreach (int id in listIDs)
                {
                    Requests.ListEntity listEntity = new Requests.ListEntity();
                    listEntity.ID            = id;
                    listArray[listCounter++] = listEntity;
                }
                contact.ListIds = listArray;
            }

            contact.ID = null;

            return(this.connection.Call <Responses.ContactEntity>("POST", "contactmanager/contacts", null, contact));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Update the field values of the given contact.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="contactID">The ID of the contact  to update.</param>
        /// <param name="fields">A dictionary of field IDs (as the key) and
        /// the new field value (as the value).</param>
        /// <returns>A representation of the updated contact.</returns>
        public Responses.ContactEntity UpdateContact(int contactID, Dictionary <string, string> fields)
        {
            Requests.ContactEntity contact    = new Requests.ContactEntity();
            Requests.FieldEntity[] fieldArray = new Requests.FieldEntity[fields.Count];
            int fieldCounter = 0;

            foreach (KeyValuePair <string, string> f in fields)
            {
                Requests.FieldEntity fieldEntity = new Requests.FieldEntity();
                fieldEntity.ID             = f.Key;
                fieldEntity.Value          = f.Value;
                fieldArray[fieldCounter++] = fieldEntity;
            }
            contact.Fields = fieldArray;

            return(this.connection.Call <Responses.ContactEntity>("POST", "contactmanager/contacts/" + contactID, null, contact));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Example of creating multiple contacts via batch. Also provides an
        /// example of updating existing contacts by merging upon an existing
        /// column (this will create a new contact if there are no merge
        /// candidates).
        ///
        /// Note that this is functionality is not backwards-compatible with
        /// version 1.1. Because merging upon a column could return one or
        /// more contact responses (if multiple merge candidates are found),
        /// ContactBatchResult now contains a ContactCollection object instead
        /// of a ContactEntity object. The example is updated to show the new
        /// usage.
        /// </summary>
        public void ContactBatchExample()
        {
            //Get the email and name column IDs. You should probably do validation on the response ;)
            string emailColumnID = api.ContactManager.GetColumnsByName("email").Columns[0].ID;
            string nameColumnID  = api.ContactManager.GetColumnsByName("name").Columns[0].ID;

            //Precreate a contact to test the 'upsert' merge functionality.
            Dictionary <string, string> fields = new Dictionary <string, string>();

            fields.Add(emailColumnID, "*****@*****.**");
            fields.Add(nameColumnID, "This name should be overwritten");

            ContactManager.Responses.ContactEntity contact = api.ContactManager.CreateContact(fields);

            Console.WriteLine("Created inital contact (ID: " + contact.ID + ") with name '" + contact.GetFieldsByName("name")[0].Value + "'.");

            List <ContactManager.Requests.ContactEntity> contacts = new List <ContactManager.Requests.ContactEntity>();

            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                ContactManager.Requests.ContactEntity c = new ContactManager.Requests.ContactEntity();
                c.Fields = new ContactManager.Requests.FieldEntity[] {
                    new ContactManager.Requests.FieldEntity(emailColumnID, "example+" + i + "@example.com"),
                    new ContactManager.Requests.FieldEntity(nameColumnID, "Jane Doe")
                };

                contacts.Add(c);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Submitting " + contacts.Count.ToString() + " contacts to a batch create.");

            //Supply the email column as the merge row.
            ContactManager.Responses.ContactBatchResponse response = api.ContactManager.BatchCreateContacts(contacts.ToArray(), emailColumnID);

            Console.WriteLine("Submitted batch job. ID is " + response.ID.ToString() + ".");

            // Wait for the batch to complete.
            do
            {
                response = api.ContactManager.GetBatchStatus(response.ID);

                Console.WriteLine("[" + System.DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() + "] Current status is: " + response.Status.ToString());

                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
            } while (response.Status != ContactManager.Responses.ContactBatchResponse.BatchStatus.Complete &&
                     response.Status != ContactManager.Responses.ContactBatchResponse.BatchStatus.Error);

            ContactManager.Responses.ContactBatchResultCollection results = api.ContactManager.GetBatchResult(response.ID);
            foreach (ContactManager.Responses.ContactBatchResult result in results.Results)
            {
                //Output information about the created contacts, showing that we did indeed merge the
                //new contact information in. We're assuming that there is only one contact returned
                //as a result of each contact batch operation in the request, but there could be more.
                Console.WriteLine("Created / updated contact " + result.ContactCollection.Contacts[0].ID + " (" +
                                  result.ContactCollection.Contacts[0].GetFieldsByName("email")[0].Value + " / " +
                                  result.ContactCollection.Contacts[0].GetFieldsByName("name")[0].Value + ").");

                Console.WriteLine("Cleaning up: removing contact " + result.ContactCollection.Contacts[0].ID + ".");
                api.ContactManager.DeleteContact(result.ContactCollection.Contacts[0].ID);
            }

            Console.Write("Press enter to continue...");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Perform an upsert operation by either creating a contact or merging
        /// the given data into all contacts that match the provided merge
        /// column. For example, if the email field is provided in the fields
        /// parameter and is also specified as the merge column, all contacts
        /// with that email value will have their entries updated with the new
        /// data. If there is no match, a new contact will be created.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fields">The fields to create / update.</param>
        /// <param name="mergeColumnID">The column ID to merge upon.</param>
        /// <returns>A collection containing all contacts modified by the
        /// <param name="listIDs">An array of list IDs to add the contact(s) to.
        /// </param>
        /// operation.</returns>
        public Responses.ContactCollection UpsertContact(Dictionary <string, string> fields, string mergeColumnID, int[] listIDs)
        {
            Dictionary <string, string> queryParameters = new Dictionary <string, string>();

            queryParameters.Add("mergecolumn", mergeColumnID);

            Requests.ContactEntity contact = new Requests.ContactEntity();

            Requests.FieldEntity[] fieldArray = new Requests.FieldEntity[fields.Count];
            int fieldCounter = 0;

            foreach (KeyValuePair <string, string> f in fields)
            {
                Requests.FieldEntity fieldEntity = new Requests.FieldEntity();
                fieldEntity.ID             = f.Key;
                fieldEntity.Value          = f.Value;
                fieldArray[fieldCounter++] = fieldEntity;
            }
            contact.Fields = fieldArray;

            if (listIDs.Length > 0)
            {
                int listCounter = 0;
                Requests.ListEntity[] listArray = new Requests.ListEntity[listIDs.Length];
                foreach (int id in listIDs)
                {
                    Requests.ListEntity listEntity = new Requests.ListEntity();
                    listEntity.ID            = id;
                    listArray[listCounter++] = listEntity;
                }
                contact.ListIds = listArray;
            }

            contact.ID = null;

            string xml = this.connection.Call <string>("POST", "contactmanager/contacts", queryParameters, contact);

            //We're going to deserialize ourselves, since the response could be
            //either a contact collection or a contact entity. We're going to
            //turn the contact entity into a collection for consistency.
            using (System.Xml.XmlReader reader = new System.Xml.XmlTextReader(new System.IO.StringReader(xml)))
            {
                //If it's a collection, return it.
                System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer serializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(Responses.ContactCollection));
                if (serializer.CanDeserialize(reader))
                {
                    return((Responses.ContactCollection)serializer.Deserialize(reader));
                }

                serializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(Responses.ContactEntity));

                //If it's an entity, create a collection and put the contact in it.
                if (serializer.CanDeserialize(reader))
                {
                    Responses.ContactEntity     c = (Responses.ContactEntity)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
                    Responses.ContactCollection contactCollection = new Responses.ContactCollection();

                    contactCollection.Contacts = new Responses.ContactEntity[] { (Responses.ContactEntity)c };
                    return(contactCollection);
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new Exception("Invalid XML response: could not deserialize into a ContactEntity or ContactCollection.");
                }
            }
        }