public override void Visit(JsConditional node)
        {
            if (node != null)
            {
                // we have two choices for the conditional. Either:
                //  1. we wrap the whole thing in a logical-not operator, which means we also need to
                //     add parentheses, since conditional is lower-precedence than the logicial not, or
                //  2. apply the logical-not to both the true- and false-branches.
                // The first is guaranteed 3 additional characters. We have to check the delta for
                // each branch and add them together to know how much the second would cost. If it's
                // greater than 3, then we just want to not the whole thing.
                var notTrue         = new JsLogicalNot(node.TrueExpression, m_parser);
                var notFalse        = new JsLogicalNot(node.FalseExpression, m_parser);
                var costNottingBoth = notTrue.Measure() + notFalse.Measure();

                if (m_measure)
                {
                    // we're just measuring -- adjust the delta accordingly
                    // (the lesser of the two options)
                    m_delta += (costNottingBoth > 3) ? 3 : costNottingBoth;
                }
                else if (costNottingBoth > 3)
                {
                    // just wrap the whole thing
                    WrapWithLogicalNot(node);
                }
                else
                {
                    // less bytes to wrap each branch separately
                    node.TrueExpression.Accept(this);
                    node.FalseExpression.Accept(this);
                }
            }
        }
        public static void Apply(JsAstNode node, JsParser parser)
        {
            var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node, parser);

            logicalNot.Apply();
        }
        public override void Visit(JsConditional node)
        {
            if (node != null)
            {
                // we have two choices for the conditional. Either:
                //  1. we wrap the whole thing in a logical-not operator, which means we also need to
                //     add parentheses, since conditional is lower-precedence than the logicial not, or
                //  2. apply the logical-not to both the true- and false-branches.
                // The first is guaranteed 3 additional characters. We have to check the delta for
                // each branch and add them together to know how much the second would cost. If it's
                // greater than 3, then we just want to not the whole thing.
                var notTrue = new JsLogicalNot(node.TrueExpression, m_parser);
                var notFalse = new JsLogicalNot(node.FalseExpression, m_parser);
                var costNottingBoth = notTrue.Measure() + notFalse.Measure();

                if (m_measure)
                {
                    // we're just measuring -- adjust the delta accordingly
                    // (the lesser of the two options)
                    m_delta += (costNottingBoth > 3) ? 3 : costNottingBoth;
                }
                else if (costNottingBoth > 3)
                {
                    // just wrap the whole thing
                    WrapWithLogicalNot(node);
                }
                else
                {
                    // less bytes to wrap each branch separately
                    node.TrueExpression.Accept(this);
                    node.FalseExpression.Accept(this);
                }
            }
        }
 public static void Apply(JsAstNode node, JsParser parser)
 {
     var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node, parser);
     logicalNot.Apply();
 }
        public override void Visit(JsBinaryOperator node)
        {
            if (node != null)
            {
                base.Visit(node);

                // see if this operation is subtracting zero from a lookup -- that is typically done to
                // coerce a value to numeric. There's a simpler way: unary plus operator.
                if (node.OperatorToken == JsToken.Minus
                    && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.SimplifyStringToNumericConversion))
                {
                    JsLookup lookup = node.Operand1 as JsLookup;
                    if (lookup != null)
                    {
                        JsConstantWrapper right = node.Operand2 as JsConstantWrapper;
                        if (right != null && right.IsIntegerLiteral && right.ToNumber() == 0)
                        {
                            // okay, so we have "lookup - 0"
                            // this is done frequently to force a value to be numeric.
                            // There is an easier way: apply the unary + operator to it.
                            // transform: lookup - 0   => +lookup
                            var unary = new JsUnaryOperator(node.Context, m_parser)
                                {
                                    Operand = lookup,
                                    OperatorToken = JsToken.Plus
                                };
                            node.Parent.ReplaceChild(node, unary);

                            // because we recursed at the top of this function, we don't need to Analyze
                            // the new Unary node. This visitor's method for UnaryOperator only does something
                            // if the operand is a constant -- and this one is a Lookup. And we already analyzed
                            // the lookup.
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if ((node.OperatorToken == JsToken.StrictEqual || node.OperatorToken == JsToken.StrictNotEqual)
                    && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.ReduceStrictOperatorIfTypesAreSame))
                {
                    JsPrimitiveType leftType = node.Operand1.FindPrimitiveType();
                    if (leftType != JsPrimitiveType.Other)
                    {
                        JsPrimitiveType rightType = node.Operand2.FindPrimitiveType();
                        if (leftType == rightType)
                        {
                            // the are the same known types. We can reduce the operators
                            node.OperatorToken = node.OperatorToken == JsToken.StrictEqual ? JsToken.Equal : JsToken.NotEqual;
                        }
                        else if (rightType != JsPrimitiveType.Other)
                        {
                            // they are not the same, but they are both known. We can completely remove the operator
                            // and replace it with true (!==) or false (===).
                            // transform: x !== y   =>   true
                            // transform: x === y   =>   false
                            node.Context.HandleError(JsError.StrictComparisonIsAlwaysTrueOrFalse, false);
                            node.Parent.ReplaceChild(
                                node,
                                new JsConstantWrapper(node.OperatorToken == JsToken.StrictNotEqual, JsPrimitiveType.Boolean, node.Context, m_parser));

                            // because we are essentially removing the node from the AST, be sure to detach any references
                            JsDetachReferences.Apply(node);
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if (node.IsAssign)
                {
                    var lookup = node.Operand1 as JsLookup;
                    if (lookup != null)
                    {
                        if (lookup.VariableField != null && lookup.VariableField.InitializationOnly)
                        {
                            // the field is an initialization-only field -- we should NOT be assigning to it
                            lookup.Context.HandleError(JsError.AssignmentToConstant, true);
                        }
                        else if (m_scopeStack.Peek().UseStrict)
                        {
                            if (lookup.VariableField == null || lookup.VariableField.FieldType == JsFieldType.UndefinedGlobal)
                            {
                                // strict mode cannot assign to undefined fields
                                node.Operand1.Context.HandleError(JsError.StrictModeUndefinedVariable, true);
                            }
                            else if(lookup.VariableField.FieldType == JsFieldType.Arguments
                                || (lookup.VariableField.FieldType == JsFieldType.Predefined && string.CompareOrdinal(lookup.Name, "eval") == 0))
                            {
                                // strict mode cannot assign to lookup "eval" or "arguments"
                                node.Operand1.Context.HandleError(JsError.StrictModeInvalidAssign, true);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if ((node.Parent is JsBlock || (node.Parent is JsCommaOperator && node.Parent.Parent is JsBlock))
                    && (node.OperatorToken == JsToken.LogicalOr || node.OperatorToken == JsToken.LogicalAnd))
                {
                    // this is an expression statement where the operator is || or && -- basically
                    // it's a shortcut for an if-statement:
                    // expr1&&expr2; ==> if(expr1)expr2;
                    // expr1||expr2; ==> if(!expr1)expr2;
                    // let's check to see if the not of expr1 is smaller. If so, we can not the expression
                    // and change the operator
                    var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node.Operand1, node.Parser);
                    if (logicalNot.Measure() < 0)
                    {
                        // it would be smaller! Change it.
                        // transform: expr1&&expr2 => !expr1||expr2
                        // transform: expr1||expr2 => !expr1&&expr2
                        logicalNot.Apply();
                        node.OperatorToken = node.OperatorToken == JsToken.LogicalAnd ? JsToken.LogicalOr : JsToken.LogicalAnd;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        private void IfConditionExpressionToExpression(JsIfNode ifNode, JsAstNode expression)
        {
            // but first -- which operator to use? if(a)b --> a&&b, and if(!a)b --> a||b
            // so determine which one is smaller: a or !a
            // assume we'll use the logical-and, since that doesn't require changing the condition
            var newOperator = JsToken.LogicalAnd;
            var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(ifNode.Condition, m_parser);
            if (logicalNot.Measure() < 0)
            {
                // !a is smaller, so apply it and use the logical-or operator
                logicalNot.Apply();
                newOperator = JsToken.LogicalOr;
            }

            // because the true block is an expression, we know it must only have
            // ONE statement in it, so we can just dereference it directly.
            var binaryOp = new JsBinaryOperator(ifNode.Context, m_parser)
                {
                    Operand1 = ifNode.Condition,
                    Operand2 = expression,
                    OperatorToken = newOperator,
                };

            // we don't need to analyse this new node because we've already analyzed
            // the pieces parts as part of the if. And this visitor's method for the BinaryOperator
            // doesn't really do anything else. Just replace our current node with this
            // new node
            ifNode.Parent.ReplaceChild(ifNode, binaryOp);
        }
        public override void Visit(JsIfNode node)
        {
            if (node != null)
            {
                if (m_parser.Settings.StripDebugStatements
                     && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.StripDebugStatements))
                {
                    if (node.TrueBlock != null && node.TrueBlock.IsDebuggerStatement)
                    {
                        node.TrueBlock = null;
                    }

                    if (node.FalseBlock != null && node.FalseBlock.IsDebuggerStatement)
                    {
                        node.FalseBlock = null;
                    }
                }

                // recurse....
                base.Visit(node);

                // now check to see if the two branches are now empty.
                // if they are, null them out.
                if (node.TrueBlock != null && node.TrueBlock.Count == 0)
                {
                    node.TrueBlock = null;
                }
                if (node.FalseBlock != null && node.FalseBlock.Count == 0)
                {
                    node.FalseBlock = null;
                }

                if (node.TrueBlock != null && node.FalseBlock != null)
                {
                    // neither true block nor false block is null.
                    // if they're both expressions, convert them to a condition operator
                    if (node.TrueBlock.IsExpression && node.FalseBlock.IsExpression
                        && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfExpressionsToExpression))
                    {
                        // if this statement has both true and false blocks, and they are both expressions,
                        // then we can simplify this to a conditional expression.
                        // because the blocks are expressions, we know they only have ONE statement in them,
                        // so we can just dereference them directly.
                        JsConditional conditional;
                        var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node.Condition, m_parser);
                        if (logicalNot.Measure() < 0)
                        {
                            // applying a logical-not makes the condition smaller -- reverse the branches
                            logicalNot.Apply();
                            conditional = new JsConditional(node.Context, m_parser)
                                {
                                    Condition = node.Condition,
                                    TrueExpression = node.FalseBlock[0],
                                    FalseExpression = node.TrueBlock[0]
                                };
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // regular order
                            conditional = new JsConditional(node.Context, m_parser)
                                {
                                    Condition = node.Condition,
                                    TrueExpression = node.TrueBlock[0],
                                    FalseExpression = node.FalseBlock[0]
                                };
                        }

                        node.Parent.ReplaceChild(
                            node,
                            conditional);

                        Optimize(conditional);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // see if logical-notting the condition produces something smaller
                        var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node.Condition, m_parser);
                        if (logicalNot.Measure() < 0)
                        {
                            // it does -- not the condition and swap the branches
                            logicalNot.Apply();
                            node.SwapBranches();
                        }

                        // see if the true- and false-branches each contain only a single statement
                        if (node.TrueBlock.Count == 1 && node.FalseBlock.Count == 1)
                        {
                            // they do -- see if the true-branch's statement is a return-statement
                            var trueReturn = node.TrueBlock[0] as JsReturnNode;
                            if (trueReturn != null && trueReturn.Operand != null)
                            {
                                // it is -- see if the false-branch is also a return statement
                                var falseReturn = node.FalseBlock[0] as JsReturnNode;
                                if (falseReturn != null && falseReturn.Operand != null)
                                {
                                    // transform: if(cond)return expr1;else return expr2 to return cond?expr1:expr2
                                    var conditional = new JsConditional(null, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Condition = node.Condition,
                                            TrueExpression = trueReturn.Operand,
                                            FalseExpression = falseReturn.Operand
                                        };

                                    // create a new return node from the conditional and replace
                                    // our if-node with it
                                    var returnNode = new JsReturnNode(node.Context, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Operand = conditional
                                        };

                                    node.Parent.ReplaceChild(
                                        node,
                                        returnNode);

                                    Optimize(conditional);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if (node.FalseBlock != null)
                {
                    // true block must be null.
                    // if there is no true branch but a false branch, then
                    // put a not on the condition and move the false branch to the true branch.
                    if (node.FalseBlock.IsExpression
                        && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfConditionCallToConditionAndCall))
                    {
                        // if (cond); else expr ==> cond || expr
                        // but first -- which operator to use? if(a);else b --> a||b, and if(!a);else b --> a&&b
                        // so determine which one is smaller: a or !a
                        // assume we'll use the logical-or, since that doesn't require changing the condition
                        var newOperator = JsToken.LogicalOr;
                        var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node.Condition, m_parser);
                        if (logicalNot.Measure() < 0)
                        {
                            // !a is smaller, so apply it and use the logical-or operator
                            logicalNot.Apply();
                            newOperator = JsToken.LogicalAnd;
                        }

                        var binaryOp = new JsBinaryOperator(node.Context, m_parser)
                            {
                                Operand1 = node.Condition,
                                Operand2 = node.FalseBlock[0],
                                OperatorToken = newOperator,
                            };

                        // we don't need to analyse this new node because we've already analyzed
                        // the pieces parts as part of the if. And this visitor's method for the BinaryOperator
                        // doesn't really do anything else. Just replace our current node with this
                        // new node
                        node.Parent.ReplaceChild(node, binaryOp);
                    }
                    else if (m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfConditionFalseToIfNotConditionTrue))
                    {
                        // logical-not the condition
                        // if(cond);else stmt ==> if(!cond)stmt
                        var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(node.Condition, m_parser);
                        logicalNot.Apply();

                        // and swap the branches
                        node.SwapBranches();
                    }
                }
                else if (node.TrueBlock != null)
                {
                    // false block must be null
                    if (node.TrueBlock.IsExpression
                        && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfConditionCallToConditionAndCall))
                    {
                        // convert the if-node to an expression
                        IfConditionExpressionToExpression(node, node.TrueBlock[0]);
                    }
                }
                else if (m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfEmptyToExpression))
                {
                    // NEITHER branches have anything now!

                    // as long as the condition doesn't
                    // contain calls or assignments, we should be able to completely delete
                    // the statement altogether rather than changing it to an expression
                    // statement on the condition.
                    // but how do we KNOW there are no side-effects?
                    // if the condition is a constant or operations on constants, delete it.
                    // or if the condition itself is a debugger statement -- a call, lookup, or member.
                    var remove = node.Condition.IsConstant || node.Condition.IsDebuggerStatement;
                    if (remove)
                    {
                        // we're pretty sure there are no side-effects; remove it altogether
                        node.Parent.ReplaceChild(node, null);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // We don't know what it is and what the side-effects may be, so
                        // just change this statement into an expression statement by replacing us with
                        // the expression
                        // no need to analyze -- we already recursed
                        node.Parent.ReplaceChild(node, node.Condition);
                    }
                }

                if (node.FalseBlock == null
                    && node.TrueBlock != null
                    && node.TrueBlock.Count == 1
                    && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.CombineNestedIfs))
                {
                    var nestedIf = node.TrueBlock[0] as JsIfNode;
                    if (nestedIf != null && nestedIf.FalseBlock == null)
                    {
                        // we have nested if-blocks.
                        // transform if(cond1)if(cond2){...} to if(cond1&&cond2){...}
                        // change the first if-statement's condition to be cond1&&cond2
                        // move the nested if-statement's true block to the outer if-statement
                        node.Condition = new JsBinaryOperator(null, m_parser)
                            {
                                Operand1 = node.Condition,
                                Operand2 = nestedIf.Condition,
                                OperatorToken = JsToken.LogicalAnd
                            };
                        node.TrueBlock = nestedIf.TrueBlock;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        public override void Visit(JsBlock node)
        {
            if (node != null)
            {
                // if this block has a block scope, then look at the lexically-declared names (if any)
                // and throw an error if any are defined as var's within this scope (ES6 rules).
                // if this is the body of a function object, use the function scope.
                JsActivationObject lexicalScope = node.BlockScope;
                if (lexicalScope == null)
                {
                    var functionObject = node.Parent as JsFunctionObject;
                    if (functionObject != null)
                    {
                        lexicalScope = functionObject.FunctionScope;
                    }
                }

                if (lexicalScope != null)
                {
                    foreach (var lexDecl in lexicalScope.LexicallyDeclaredNames)
                    {
                        var varDecl = lexicalScope.VarDeclaredName(lexDecl.Name);
                        if (varDecl != null)
                        {
                            // collision.
                            // if the lexical declaration is a let or const declaration (as opposed to a function declaration),
                            // then force the warning to an error. This is so the function declaration will remain a warning if
                            // it collides with a var.
                            varDecl.NameContext.HandleError(JsError.DuplicateLexicalDeclaration, lexDecl is JsLexicalDeclaration);

                            // mark them both a no-rename to preserve the collision in the output
                            lexDecl.VariableField.IfNotNull(v => v.CanCrunch = false);
                            varDecl.VariableField.IfNotNull(v => v.CanCrunch = false);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // we might things differently if these statements are the body collection for a function
                // because we can assume the implicit return statement at the end of it
                bool isFunctionLevel = (node.Parent is JsFunctionObject);

                // if we want to remove debug statements...
                if (m_parser.Settings.StripDebugStatements && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.StripDebugStatements))
                {
                    // do it now before we try doing other things
                    StripDebugStatements(node);
                }

                // analyze all the statements in our block and recurse them
                if (node.BlockScope != null)
                {
                    m_scopeStack.Push(node.BlockScope);
                }
                try
                {
                    // don't call the base class to recurse -- let's walk the block
                    // backwards in case any of the children opt to delete themselves.
                    for (var ndx = node.Count - 1; ndx >= 0; --ndx)
                    {
                        node[ndx].Accept(this);
                    }
                }
                finally
                {
                    if (node.BlockScope != null)
                    {
                        m_scopeStack.Pop();
                    }
                }

                if (m_parser.Settings.RemoveUnneededCode)
                {
                    // go forward, and check the count each iteration because we might be ADDING statements to the block.
                    // let's look at all our if-statements. If a true-clause ends in a return, then we don't
                    // need the else-clause; we can pull its statements out and stick them after the if-statement.
                    // also, if we encounter a return-, break- or continue-statement, we can axe everything after it
                    for (var ndx = 0; ndx < node.Count; ++ndx)
                    {
                        // see if it's an if-statement with both a true and a false block
                        var ifNode = node[ndx] as JsIfNode;
                        if (ifNode != null
                            && ifNode.TrueBlock != null
                            && ifNode.TrueBlock.Count > 0
                            && ifNode.FalseBlock != null)
                        {
                            // now check to see if the true block ends in a return statement
                            if (ifNode.TrueBlock[ifNode.TrueBlock.Count - 1] is JsReturnNode)
                            {
                                // transform: if(cond){statements1;return}else{statements2} to if(cond){statements1;return}statements2
                                // it does. insert all the false-block statements after the if-statement
                                node.InsertRange(ndx + 1, ifNode.FalseBlock.Children);

                                // and then remove the false block altogether
                                ifNode.FalseBlock = null;
                            }
                        }
                        else if (node[ndx] is JsReturnNode
                            || node[ndx] is JsBreak
                            || node[ndx] is JsContinueNode
                            || node[ndx] is JsThrowNode)
                        {
                            // we have an exit node -- no statments afterwards will be executed, so clear them out.
                            // transform: {...;return;...} to {...;return}
                            // transform: {...;break;...} to {...;break}
                            // transform: {...;continue;...} to {...;continue}
                            // transform: {...;throw;...} to {...;throw}
                            // we've found an exit statement, and it's not the last statement in the function.
                            // walk the rest of the statements and delete anything that isn't a function declaration
                            // or a var- or const-statement.
                            for (var ndxRemove = node.Count - 1; ndxRemove > ndx; --ndxRemove)
                            {
                                var funcObject = node[ndxRemove] as JsFunctionObject;
                                if (funcObject == null || funcObject.FunctionType != JsFunctionType.Declaration)
                                {
                                    // if it's a const-statement, leave it.
                                    // we COULD check to see if the constant is referenced anywhere and delete
                                    // any that aren't. Maybe later.
                                    // we also don't want to do like the var-statements and remove the initializers.
                                    // Not sure if any browsers would fail a const WITHOUT an initializer.
                                    if (!(node[ndxRemove] is JsConstStatement))
                                    {
                                        var varStatement = node[ndxRemove] as JsVar;
                                        if (varStatement != null)
                                        {
                                            // var statements can't be removed, but any initializers should
                                            // be deleted since they won't get executed.
                                            for (var ndxDecl = 0; ndxDecl < varStatement.Count; ++ndxDecl)
                                            {
                                                if (varStatement[ndxDecl].Initializer != null)
                                                {
                                                    varStatement[ndxDecl].Initializer = null;
                                                }
                                            }
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            // not a function declaration, and not a var statement -- get rid of it
                                            JsDetachReferences.Apply(node[ndxRemove]);
                                            node.RemoveAt(ndxRemove);
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                // now check the last statement -- if it's an if-statement where the true-block is a single return
                // and there is no false block, convert this one statement to a conditional. We might back it out later
                // if we don't combine the conditional with other stuff.
                // but we can only do this if we're at the functional level because of the implied return at the end
                // of that block.
                if (isFunctionLevel && node.Count > 0
                    && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfConditionReturnToCondition))
                {
                    JsReturnNode returnNode;
                    var ifNode = FindLastStatement(node) as JsIfNode;
                    if (ifNode != null && ifNode.FalseBlock == null
                        && ifNode.TrueBlock.Count == 1
                        && (returnNode = ifNode.TrueBlock[0] as JsReturnNode) != null)
                    {
                        // if the return node doesn't have an operand, then we can just replace the if-statement with its conditional
                        if (returnNode.Operand == null)
                        {
                            // if the condition is a constant, then eliminate it altogether
                            if (ifNode.Condition.IsConstant)
                            {
                                // delete the node altogether. Because the condition is a constant,
                                // there is no else-block, and the if-block only contains a return
                                // with no expression, we don't have anything to detach.
                                node.ReplaceChild(ifNode, null);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                // transform: {...;if(cond)return;} to {...;cond;}
                                node.ReplaceChild(ifNode, ifNode.Condition);
                            }
                        }
                        else if (returnNode.Operand.IsExpression)
                        {
                            // this is a strategic replacement that might pay off later. And if
                            // it doesn't, we'll eventually back it out after all the other stuff
                            // if applied on top of it.
                            // transform: if(cond)return expr;} to return cond?expr:void 0}
                            var conditional = new JsConditional(null, m_parser)
                                {
                                    Condition = ifNode.Condition,
                                    TrueExpression = returnNode.Operand,
                                    FalseExpression = CreateVoidNode()
                                };

                            // replace the if-statement with the new return node
                            node.ReplaceChild(ifNode, new JsReturnNode(ifNode.Context, m_parser)
                                {
                                    Operand = conditional
                                });
                            Optimize(conditional);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // now walk through and combine adjacent expression statements, and adjacent var-for statements
                // and adjecent expression-return statements
                if (m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.CombineAdjacentExpressionStatements))
                {
                    CombineExpressions(node);
                }

                // check to see if we want to combine a preceding var with a for-statement
                if (m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.MoveVarIntoFor))
                {
                    // look at the statements in the block.
                    // walk BACKWARDS down the list because we'll be removing items when we encounter
                    // var statements that can be moved inside a for statement's initializer
                    // we also don't need to check the first one, since there is nothing before it.
                    for (int ndx = node.Count - 1; ndx > 0; --ndx)
                    {
                        // see if the previous statement is a var statement
                        // (we've already combined adjacent var-statements)
                        JsForNode forNode;
                        JsWhileNode whileNode;
                        var previousVar = node[ndx - 1] as JsVar;
                        if (previousVar != null && (forNode = node[ndx] as JsForNode) != null)
                        {
                            // BUT if the var statement has any initializers containing an in-operator, first check
                            // to see if we haven't killed that move before we try moving it. Opera 11 seems to have
                            // an issue with that syntax, even if properly parenthesized.
                            if (m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.MoveInExpressionsIntoForStatement)
                                || !previousVar.ContainsInOperator)
                            {
                                // and see if the forNode's initializer is empty
                                if (forNode.Initializer != null)
                                {
                                    // not empty -- see if it is a Var node
                                    JsVar varInitializer = forNode.Initializer as JsVar;
                                    if (varInitializer != null)
                                    {
                                        // transform: var decls1;for(var decls2;...) to for(var decls1,decls2;...)
                                        // we want to PREPEND the initializers in the previous var-statement
                                        // to our for-statement's initializer var-statement list
                                        varInitializer.InsertAt(0, previousVar);

                                        // then remove the previous var statement
                                        node.RemoveAt(ndx - 1);
                                        // this will bump the for node up one position in the list, so the next iteration
                                        // will be right back on this node in case there are other var statements we need
                                        // to combine
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        // we want to see if the initializer expression is a series of one or more
                                        // simple assignments to variables that are in the previous var statement.
                                        // if all the expressions are assignments to variables that are defined in the
                                        // previous var statement, then we can just move the var statement into the
                                        // for statement.
                                        var binaryOp = forNode.Initializer as JsBinaryOperator;
                                        if (binaryOp != null && AreAssignmentsInVar(binaryOp, previousVar))
                                        {
                                            // transform: var decls;for(expr1;...) to for(var decls,expr1;...)
                                            // WHERE expr1 only consists of assignments to variables that are declared
                                            // in that previous var-statement.
                                            // TODO: we *could* also do it is the expr1 assignments are to lookups that are
                                            // defined in THIS scope (not any outer scopes), because it wouldn't hurt to have
                                            // then in a var statement again.
                                            // create a list and fill it with all the var-decls created from the assignment
                                            // operators in the expression
                                            var varDecls = new List<JsVariableDeclaration>();
                                            ConvertAssignmentsToVarDecls(binaryOp, varDecls, m_parser);

                                            // then go through and append each one to the var statement before us
                                            foreach (var varDecl in varDecls)
                                            {
                                                previousVar.Append(varDecl);
                                            }

                                            // move the previous var-statement into our initializer
                                            forNode.Initializer = previousVar;

                                            // and remove the previous var-statement from the list.
                                            node.RemoveAt(ndx - 1);

                                            // this will bump the for node up one position in the list, so the next iteration
                                            // will be right back on this node, but the initializer will not be null
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    // transform: var decls;for(;...) to for(var decls;...)
                                    // if it's empty, then we're free to add the previous var statement
                                    // to this for statement's initializer. remove it from it's current
                                    // position and add it as the initializer
                                    node.RemoveAt(ndx - 1);
                                    forNode.Initializer = previousVar;
                                    // this will bump the for node up one position in the list, so the next iteration
                                    // will be right back on this node, but the initializer will not be null
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        else if (previousVar != null
                            && (whileNode = node[ndx] as JsWhileNode) != null
                            && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.ChangeWhileToFor))
                        {
                            // transform: var ...;while(cond)... => for(var ...;cond;)...
                            node[ndx] = new JsForNode(null, m_parser)
                                {
                                    Initializer = previousVar,
                                    Condition = whileNode.Condition,
                                    Body = whileNode.Body
                                };
                            node.RemoveAt(ndx - 1);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // see if the last statement is a return statement
                JsReturnNode lastReturn;
                if ((lastReturn = FindLastStatement(node) as JsReturnNode) != null)
                {
                    // set this flag to true if we end up adding an expression to the block.
                    // before exiting, we'll go through and combine adjacent expressions again if this
                    // flag has been set to true.
                    bool changedStatementToExpression = false;

                    // get the index of the statement before the last return
                    // (skip over function decls and importand comments)
                    var indexPrevious = PreviousStatementIndex(node, lastReturn);

                    // just out of curiosity, let's see if we fit a common pattern:
                    //      var name=expr;return name;
                    // or
                    //      const name=expr;return name;
                    // if so, we can cut out the var and simply return the expression
                    JsLookup lookup;
                    if ((lookup = lastReturn.Operand as JsLookup) != null && indexPrevious >= 0)
                    {
                        // use the base class for both the var- and const-statements so we will
                        // pick them both up at the same time
                        var varStatement = node[indexPrevious] as JsDeclaration;
                        if (varStatement != null)
                        {
                            // if the last vardecl in the var statement matches the return lookup, and no
                            // other references exist for this field (refcount == 1)...
                            JsVariableDeclaration varDecl;
                            if ((varDecl = varStatement[varStatement.Count - 1]).Initializer != null
                                && varDecl.IsEquivalentTo(lookup)
                                && varDecl.VariableField.RefCount == 1)
                            {
                                // clean up the field's references because we're removing both the lookup reference
                                // in the return statement and the vardecl.
                                varDecl.VariableField.References.Remove(lookup);
                                varDecl.VariableField.Declarations.Remove(varDecl);

                                if (varStatement.Count == 1)
                                {
                                    // transform: ...;var name=expr;return name} to ...;return expr}
                                    // there's only one vardecl in the var, so get rid of the entire statement
                                    lastReturn.Operand = varDecl.Initializer;
                                    node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    // multiple vardecls are in the statement; we only need to get rid of the last one
                                    lastReturn.Operand = varDecl.Initializer;
                                    varStatement[varStatement.Count - 1] = null;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }

                    // check to see if we can combine the return statement with a previous if-statement
                    // into a simple return-conditional. The true statement needs to have no false block,
                    // and only one statement in the true block.
                    JsConditional conditional;
                    JsIfNode previousIf;
                    while (indexPrevious >= 0
                        && lastReturn != null
                        && (previousIf = node[indexPrevious] as JsIfNode) != null
                        && previousIf.TrueBlock != null && previousIf.TrueBlock.Count == 1
                        && previousIf.FalseBlock == null)
                    {
                        // assume no change is made for this loop
                        bool somethingChanged = false;

                        // and that one true-block statement needs to be a return statement
                        var previousReturn = previousIf.TrueBlock[0] as JsReturnNode;
                        if (previousReturn != null)
                        {
                            if (lastReturn.Operand == null)
                            {
                                if (previousReturn.Operand == null)
                                {
                                    // IF we are at the function level, then the block ends in an implicit return (undefined)
                                    // and we can change this if to just the condition. If we aren't at the function level,
                                    // then we have to leave the return, but we can replace the if with just the condition.
                                    if (!isFunctionLevel)
                                    {
                                        // not at the function level, so the return must stay.
                                        if (previousIf.Condition.IsConstant)
                                        {
                                            // transform: if(cond)return;return} to return}
                                            node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                            somethingChanged = true;
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            // transform: if(cond)return;return} to cond;return}
                                            node[indexPrevious] = previousIf.Condition;
                                        }
                                    }
                                    else if (previousIf.Condition.IsConstant)
                                    {
                                        // transform: remove if(cond)return;return} because cond is a constant
                                        node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, null);
                                        node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                        somethingChanged = true;
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        // transform: if(cond)return;return} to cond}
                                        // replace the final return with just the condition, then remove the previous if
                                        if (node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, previousIf.Condition))
                                        {
                                            node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                            somethingChanged = true;
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    // transform: if(cond)return expr;return} to return cond?expr:void 0
                                    conditional = new JsConditional(null, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Condition = previousIf.Condition,
                                            TrueExpression = previousReturn.Operand,
                                            FalseExpression = CreateVoidNode()
                                        };

                                    // replace the final return with the new return, then delete the previous if-statement
                                    if (node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, new JsReturnNode(null, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Operand = conditional
                                        }))
                                    {
                                        node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                        Optimize(conditional);
                                        somethingChanged = true;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                if (previousReturn.Operand == null)
                                {
                                    // transform: if(cond)return;return expr} to return cond?void 0:expr
                                    conditional = new JsConditional(null, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Condition = previousIf.Condition,
                                            TrueExpression = CreateVoidNode(),
                                            FalseExpression = lastReturn.Operand
                                        };

                                    // replace the final return with the new return, then delete the previous if-statement
                                    if (node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, new JsReturnNode(null, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Operand = conditional
                                        }))
                                    {
                                        node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                        Optimize(conditional);
                                        somethingChanged = true;
                                    }
                                }
                                else if (previousReturn.Operand.IsEquivalentTo(lastReturn.Operand))
                                {
                                    if (previousIf.Condition.IsConstant)
                                    {
                                        // the condition is constant, and the returns return the same thing.
                                        // get rid of the if statement altogether.
                                        // transform: if(cond)return expr;return expr} to return expr}
                                        JsDetachReferences.Apply(previousReturn.Operand);
                                        node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                        somethingChanged = true;
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        // transform: if(cond)return expr;return expr} to return cond,expr}
                                        // create a new binary op with the condition and the final-return operand,
                                        // replace the operand on the final-return with the new binary operator,
                                        // and then delete the previous if-statement
                                        JsDetachReferences.Apply(previousReturn.Operand);
                                        lastReturn.Operand = JsCommaOperator.CombineWithComma(null, m_parser, previousIf.Condition, lastReturn.Operand);
                                        node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                        somethingChanged = true;
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    // transform: if(cond)return expr1;return expr2} to return cond?expr1:expr2}
                                    // create a new conditional with the condition and the return operands,
                                    // replace the operand on the final-return with the new conditional operator,
                                    // and then delete the previous if-statement
                                    // transform: if(cond)return expr1;return expr2} to return cond?expr1:expr2}
                                    conditional = new JsConditional(null, m_parser)
                                        {
                                            Condition = previousIf.Condition,
                                            TrueExpression = previousReturn.Operand,
                                            FalseExpression = lastReturn.Operand
                                        };

                                    // replace the operand on the final-return with the new conditional operator,
                                    // and then delete the previous if-statement
                                    lastReturn.Operand = conditional;
                                    node.RemoveAt(indexPrevious);
                                    Optimize(conditional);
                                    somethingChanged = true;
                                }
                            }
                        }

                        if (!somethingChanged)
                        {
                            // nothing changed -- break out of the loop
                            break;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            // set the flag that indicates something changed in at least one of these loops
                            changedStatementToExpression = true;

                            // and since we changed something, we need to bump the index down one
                            // AFTER we grab the last return node (which has slipped into the same position
                            // as the previous node)
                            lastReturn = node[indexPrevious--] as JsReturnNode;
                        }
                    }

                    // if we added any more expressions since we ran our expression-combination logic,
                    // run it again.
                    if (changedStatementToExpression
                        && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.CombineAdjacentExpressionStatements))
                    {
                        CombineExpressions(node);
                    }

                    // and FINALLY, we want to see if what we did previously didn't pan out and we end
                    // in something like return cond?expr:void 0, in which case we want to change it
                    // back to a simple if(condition)return expr; (saves four bytes).
                    // see if the last statement is a return statement that returns a conditional
                    if (lastReturn != null
                        && (conditional = lastReturn.Operand as JsConditional) != null)
                    {
                        var unaryOperator = conditional.FalseExpression as JsUnaryOperator;
                        if (unaryOperator != null
                            && unaryOperator.OperatorToken == JsToken.Void
                            && unaryOperator.Operand is JsConstantWrapper)
                        {
                            unaryOperator = conditional.TrueExpression as JsUnaryOperator;
                            if (unaryOperator != null && unaryOperator.OperatorToken == JsToken.Void)
                            {
                                if (isFunctionLevel)
                                {
                                    // transform: ...;return cond?void 0:void 0} to ...;cond}
                                    // function level ends in an implicit "return void 0"
                                    node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, conditional.Condition);
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    // transform: ...;return cond?void 0:void 0} to ...;cond;return}
                                    // non-function level doesn't end in an implicit return,
                                    // so we need to break them out into two statements
                                    node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, conditional.Condition);
                                    node.Append(new JsReturnNode(null, m_parser));
                                }
                            }
                            else if (isFunctionLevel)
                            {
                                // transform: ...;return cond?expr:void 0} to ...;if(cond)return expr}
                                // (only works at the function-level because of the implicit return statement)
                                var ifNode = new JsIfNode(lastReturn.Context, m_parser)
                                    {
                                        Condition = conditional.Condition,
                                        TrueBlock = JsAstNode.ForceToBlock(new JsReturnNode(null, m_parser)
                                            {
                                                Operand = conditional.TrueExpression
                                            })
                                    };
                                node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, ifNode);
                            }
                        }
                        else if (isFunctionLevel)
                        {
                            unaryOperator = conditional.TrueExpression as JsUnaryOperator;
                            if (unaryOperator != null
                                && unaryOperator.OperatorToken == JsToken.Void
                                && unaryOperator.Operand is JsConstantWrapper)
                            {
                                // transform: ...;return cond?void 0;expr} to ...;if(!cond)return expr}
                                // (only works at the function level because of the implicit return)
                                // get the logical-not of the conditional
                                var logicalNot = new JsLogicalNot(conditional.Condition, m_parser);
                                logicalNot.Apply();

                                // create a new if-node based on the condition, with the branches swapped
                                // (true-expression goes to false-branch, false-expression goes to true-branch
                                var ifNode = new JsIfNode(lastReturn.Context, m_parser)
                                    {
                                        Condition = conditional.Condition,
                                        TrueBlock = JsAstNode.ForceToBlock(new JsReturnNode(null, m_parser)
                                            {
                                                Operand = conditional.FalseExpression
                                            })
                                    };
                                node.ReplaceChild(lastReturn, ifNode);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.CombineEquivalentIfReturns))
                {
                    // walk backwards looking for if(cond1)return expr1;if(cond2)return expr2;
                    // (backwards, because we'll be combining those into one statement, reducing the number of statements.
                    // don't go all the way to zero, because each loop will compare the statement to the PREVIOUS
                    // statement, and the first statement (index==0) has no previous statement.
                    for (var ndx = node.Count - 1; ndx > 0; --ndx)
                    {
                        // see if the current statement is an if-statement with no else block, and a true
                        // block that contains a single return-statement WITH an expression.
                        JsAstNode currentExpr = null;
                        JsAstNode condition2;
                        if (IsIfReturnExpr(node[ndx], out condition2, ref currentExpr) != null)
                        {
                            // see if the previous statement is also the same pattern, but with
                            // the equivalent expression as its return operand
                            JsAstNode condition1;
                            var matchedExpression = currentExpr;
                            var ifNode = IsIfReturnExpr(node[ndx - 1], out condition1, ref matchedExpression);
                            if (ifNode != null)
                            {
                                // it is a match!
                                // let's combine them -- we'll add the current condition to the
                                // previous condition with a logical-or and delete the current statement.
                                // transform: if(cond1)return expr;if(cond2)return expr; to if(cond1||cond2)return expr;
                                ifNode.Condition = new JsBinaryOperator(null, m_parser)
                                    {
                                        Operand1 = condition1,
                                        Operand2 = condition2,
                                        OperatorToken = JsToken.LogicalOr,
                                        TerminatingContext = ifNode.TerminatingContext ?? node.TerminatingContext
                                    };
                                JsDetachReferences.Apply(currentExpr);
                                node.RemoveAt(ndx);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (isFunctionLevel
                    && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.InvertIfReturn))
                {
                    // walk backwards looking for if (cond) return; whenever we encounter that statement,
                    // we can change it to if (!cond) and put all subsequent statements in the block inside the
                    // if's true-block.
                    for (var ndx = node.Count - 1; ndx >= 0; --ndx)
                    {
                        var ifNode = node[ndx] as JsIfNode;
                        if (ifNode != null
                            && ifNode.FalseBlock == null
                            && ifNode.TrueBlock != null
                            && ifNode.TrueBlock.Count == 1)
                        {
                            var returnNode = ifNode.TrueBlock[0] as JsReturnNode;
                            if (returnNode != null && returnNode.Operand == null)
                            {
                                // we have if(cond)return;
                                // logical-not the condition, remove the return statement,
                                // and move all subsequent sibling statements inside the if-statement.
                                JsLogicalNot.Apply(ifNode.Condition, m_parser);
                                ifNode.TrueBlock.Clear();

                                var ndxMove = ndx + 1;
                                if (node.Count == ndxMove + 1)
                                {
                                    // there's only one statement after our if-node.
                                    // see if it's ALSO an if-node with no else block.
                                    var secondIfNode = node[ndxMove] as JsIfNode;
                                    if (secondIfNode != null && (secondIfNode.FalseBlock == null || secondIfNode.FalseBlock.Count == 0))
                                    {
                                        // it is!
                                        // transform: if(cond1)return;if(cond2){...} => if(!cond1&&cond2){...}
                                        // (the cond1 is already inverted at this point)
                                        // combine cond2 with cond1 via a logical-and,
                                        // move all secondIf statements inside the if-node,
                                        // remove the secondIf node.
                                        node.RemoveAt(ndxMove);
                                        ifNode.Condition = new JsBinaryOperator(null, m_parser)
                                            {
                                                Operand1 = ifNode.Condition,
                                                Operand2 = secondIfNode.Condition,
                                                OperatorToken = JsToken.LogicalAnd
                                            };

                                        ifNode.TrueBlock = secondIfNode.TrueBlock;
                                    }
                                    else if (node[ndxMove].IsExpression
                                        && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfConditionCallToConditionAndCall))
                                    {
                                        // now we have if(cond)expr; optimize that!
                                        var expression = node[ndxMove];
                                        node.RemoveAt(ndxMove);
                                        IfConditionExpressionToExpression(ifNode, expression);
                                    }
                                }

                                // just move all the following statements inside the if-statement
                                while (node.Count > ndxMove)
                                {
                                    var movedNode = node[ndxMove];
                                    node.RemoveAt(ndxMove);
                                    ifNode.TrueBlock.Append(movedNode);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    var isIteratorBlock = node.Parent is JsForNode
                        || node.Parent is JsForIn
                        || node.Parent is JsWhileNode
                        || node.Parent is JsDoWhile;

                    if (isIteratorBlock
                        && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.InvertIfContinue))
                    {
                        // walk backwards looking for if (cond) continue; whenever we encounter that statement,
                        // we can change it to if (!cond) and put all subsequent statements in the block inside the
                        // if's true-block.
                        for (var ndx = node.Count - 1; ndx >= 0; --ndx)
                        {
                            var ifNode = node[ndx] as JsIfNode;
                            if (ifNode != null
                                && ifNode.FalseBlock == null
                                && ifNode.TrueBlock != null
                                && ifNode.TrueBlock.Count == 1)
                            {
                                var continueNode = ifNode.TrueBlock[0] as JsContinueNode;

                                // if there's no label, then we're good. Otherwise we can only make this optimization
                                // if the label refers to the parent iterator node.
                                if (continueNode != null
                                    && (string.IsNullOrEmpty(continueNode.Label) || (LabelMatchesParent(continueNode.Label, node.Parent))))
                                {
                                    // if this is the last statement, then we don't really need the if at all
                                    // and can just replace it with its condition
                                    if (ndx < node.Count - 1)
                                    {
                                        // we have if(cond)continue;st1;...stn;
                                        // logical-not the condition, remove the continue statement,
                                        // and move all subsequent sibling statements inside the if-statement.
                                        JsLogicalNot.Apply(ifNode.Condition, m_parser);
                                        ifNode.TrueBlock.Clear();

                                        // TODO: if we removed a labeled continue, do we need to fix up some label references?

                                        var ndxMove = ndx + 1;
                                        if (node.Count == ndxMove + 1)
                                        {
                                            // there's only one statement after our if-node.
                                            // see if it's ALSO an if-node with no else block.
                                            var secondIfNode = node[ndxMove] as JsIfNode;
                                            if (secondIfNode != null && (secondIfNode.FalseBlock == null || secondIfNode.FalseBlock.Count == 0))
                                            {
                                                // it is!
                                                // transform: if(cond1)continue;if(cond2){...} => if(!cond1&&cond2){...}
                                                // (the cond1 is already inverted at this point)
                                                // combine cond2 with cond1 via a logical-and,
                                                // move all secondIf statements inside the if-node,
                                                // remove the secondIf node.
                                                ifNode.Condition = new JsBinaryOperator(null, m_parser)
                                                    {
                                                        Operand1 = ifNode.Condition,
                                                        Operand2 = secondIfNode.Condition,
                                                        OperatorToken = JsToken.LogicalAnd
                                                    };

                                                ifNode.TrueBlock = secondIfNode.TrueBlock;
                                                node.RemoveAt(ndxMove);
                                            }
                                            else if (node[ndxMove].IsExpression
                                                && m_parser.Settings.IsModificationAllowed(JsTreeModifications.IfConditionCallToConditionAndCall))
                                            {
                                                // now we have if(cond)expr; optimize that!
                                                var expression = node[ndxMove];
                                                node.RemoveAt(ndxMove);
                                                IfConditionExpressionToExpression(ifNode, expression);
                                            }
                                        }

                                        // just move all the following statements inside the if-statement
                                        while (node.Count > ndxMove)
                                        {
                                            var movedNode = node[ndxMove];
                                            node.RemoveAt(ndxMove);
                                            ifNode.TrueBlock.Append(movedNode);
                                        }
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        // we have if(cond)continue} -- nothing after the if.
                                        // the loop is going to continue anyway, so replace the if-statement
                                        // with the condition and be done
                                        if (ifNode.Condition.IsConstant)
                                        {
                                            // consition is constant -- get rid of the if-statement altogether
                                            node.RemoveAt(ndx);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            // condition isn't constant
                                            node[ndx] = ifNode.Condition;
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }