static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the window and the graphics device
VeldridInit(out var window, out var graphicsDevice);
// Create a texture storage that manages textures.
// Textures in OpenWheels are represented with integer values.
// A platform-specific ITextureStorageImplementation handles texture creation,
// destruction and modification.
var texStorage = new VeldridTextureStorage(graphicsDevice);
// Create a renderer that implements the OpenWheels.Rendering.IRenderer interface
// this guy actually draws everything to the backbuffer
var renderer = new VeldridRenderer(graphicsDevice, texStorage);
// OpenWheels always requires a texture to render, so renderer implementations only need a single shader
// Even for untextured primitives we need to have a texture set. So we create a white 1x1 texture for those.
ReadOnlySpan <Color> blankSpan = stackalloc Color[] { Color.White };
var blank = texStorage.CreateTexture(1, 1, TextureFormat.Rgba32);
texStorage.SetData(blank, blankSpan);
// Our batcher lets use make calls to render lots of different primitive shapes and text.
// When we're done the batcher can export draw calls so the renderer can use them do the drawing.
// We won't use text rendering in this sample so we use the dummy text renderer.
var batcher = new Batcher(NullBitmapFontRenderer.Instance);
var first = true;
// We run the game loop here and do our drawing inside of it.
VeldridRunLoop(window, graphicsDevice, () =>
{
renderer.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
// Start a new batch
batcher.Start();
// set the texture to the blank one we registered
batcher.SetTexture(blank);
// Let's draw some primitives. The API is very obvious, you can use IntelliSense to find supported shapes.
batcher.FillRect(new RectangleF(10, 10, 100, 100), Color.LimeGreen);
// Note that subsequent line segments are connected at their corners
Span <Vector2> points = stackalloc Vector2[] { new Vector2(140, 20), new Vector2(320, 20), new Vector2(320, 120), new Vector2(420, 120) };
batcher.DrawLineStrip(points, Color.Red, 20);
batcher.FillTriangle(new Vector2(500, 20), new Vector2(600, 70), new Vector2(500, 120), Color.White);
// The tessellation of the circle and corners for the rounded rectangle can be adjusted with the maxError parameter
batcher.DrawCircle(new Vector2(700, 70), 50, Color.BlueViolet, 2);
batcher.FillRoundedRect(new RectangleF(790, 10, 100, 100), 10, Color.SandyBrown);
var pa = new Vector2(50, 220);
var pb = new Vector2(150, 120);
var pc = new Vector2(250, 220);
var curve = new QuadraticBezier(pa, pb, pc);
// The segmentation for curves can be adjusted with the segmentsPerLength parameter
// Using that parameter and an (over)estimate of the length of the curve the number of segments
// is computed
batcher.DrawCurve(curve, Color.DarkGoldenrod, 2);
var o = new Vector2(0, 100);
var pd = new Vector2(200, 420);
var curve2 = new CubicBezier(pa + o, pb + o, pd, pc + o);
batcher.DrawCurve(curve2, Color.DarkOrchid, 2);
// Finish the batch and let the renderer draw everything to the back buffer.
batcher.Render(renderer);
if (first)
{
Console.WriteLine("Vertices: " + batcher.VerticesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Indices: " + batcher.IndicesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Batches: " + batcher.BatchCount);
first = false;
}
});
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the window and the graphics device
VeldridInit(out var window, out var graphicsDevice);
// Create a renderer that implements the OpenWheels.Rendering.IRenderer interface
// this guy actually draws everything to the backbuffer
var renderer = new VeldridRenderer(graphicsDevice);
// Our batcher lets use make calls to render lots of different primitive shapes and text.
// When we're done the batcher sends the draw calls to the renderer which will actually do the drawing.
// Alternatively to Batcher you can use StringIdBatcher so you can register and set the active texture
// and font with a string identifier.
var batcher = new Batcher(renderer);
var checkerBoardTextureId = batcher.LoadTexture("checkerboard.png");
// OpenWheels defines a sprite as an image that's part of a texture
// To create a sprite, we pass a texture and a region of that texture (in pixels) that contains the actual image
// let's add a sprite that draws 3/4th of the checkerboard
// So if our original texture looks like this:
// |## |
// |## |
// | ##|
// | ##|
// We'll create a sprite that looks like this:
// |## |
// |## |
// | #|
var cbSize = renderer.GetTextureSize(checkerBoardTextureId);
var subSpriteRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, (cbSize.Width * 3) / 4, (cbSize.Height * 3) / 4);
var checkerBoardSubSprite = new Sprite(checkerBoardTextureId, subSpriteRect);
var frame = 0;
// We run the game loop here and do our drawing inside of it.
VeldridRunLoop(window, graphicsDevice, () =>
{
renderer.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
// Start a new batch
batcher.Start();
// we set the texture using the texture id we got back when registering the texture
// OpenWheels internally only works with sprites
// If you set a texture on a batcher it will convert it to a sprite with the region being the
// entire texture bounds
batcher.SetTexture(checkerBoardTextureId);
// The Batcher API is stateful. Anything we render now will use the checkerboard texture.
// By default the UV coordinates 0, 0, 1, 1 are use, so our texture is stretched
batcher.FillRect(new RectangleF(50, 20, 100, 100), Color.White);
batcher.FillRect(new RectangleF(200, 20, 100, 200), Color.White);
// Let's draw our subsprite
batcher.Sprite = checkerBoardSubSprite;
batcher.FillRect(new RectangleF(350, 20, 100, 100), Color.White);
// We can only draw 1 texture in a single draw call, but since our subsprite actually uses the same
// texture as our full checkerboard the batcher can still combine the calls into a single batch.
batcher.SetTexture(checkerBoardTextureId);
// Most of the primitives support UV coordinates one way or another.
batcher.FillCircle(new Vector2(550, 70), 50, Color.White, .25f);
batcher.FillRoundedRect(new RectangleF(650, 20, 100, 100), 15, Color.White);
var v1 = new Vector2(50, 280);
var v2 = new Vector2(150, 380);
batcher.DrawLine(v1, v2, Color.White, 6f);
// Note that the texture rotates with the line
// This is different from the circle(segment) primitives where we draw a cutout of the active texture
// There are a lot of ways to UV-map shapes, but OpenWheels currently picks just one for each shape
// we can set a matrix to transform UV coordinates
// let's make our texture loop in length while keeping it's aspect ratio and UV across its width.
// The sampler should wrap to be able to loop the texture (the default sampler state is LinearClamp)
// This state sticks across frames, so we could set it before the render loop as well
batcher.SamplerState = SamplerState.LinearWrap;
var v3 = new Vector2(200, 280);
var v4 = new Vector2(300, 380);
const float lineWidth = 10f;
// we want our UV aspect ratio to be 1:1, but it's lineWidth:length and we want to use
// the coordinate system of the width, so we normalize height to get the right aspect ratio
// (note that height is defined as the forward direction of the line)
var uvHeight = Vector2.Distance(v3, v4) / lineWidth;
batcher.UvTransform = Matrix3x2.CreateScale(1f, uvHeight);
batcher.DrawLine(v3, v4, Color.White, lineWidth);
// Reset the uv transform
batcher.UvTransform = Matrix3x2.Identity;
// The color value we can pass to these methods is multiplied with our texture color at each pixel.
batcher.FillRect(new RectangleF(350, 280, 100, 100), Color.Red);
// Finish the batch and let the renderer draw everything to the back buffer.
batcher.Finish();
if (frame < 2)
{
// Note that the first frame renders in two batches because we change the sampler state
// halfway through.
// Every subsequent frame render in a single batch because the sampler state stays at LinearClamp
Console.WriteLine("Frame " + frame);
Console.WriteLine("Vertices: " + batcher.VerticesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Indices: " + batcher.IndicesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Batches: " + batcher.BatchCount);
Console.WriteLine();
frame++;
}
});
renderer.Dispose();
graphicsDevice.Dispose();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the window and the graphics device
VeldridInit(out var window, out var graphicsDevice);
// Create a texture storage that manages textures.
// Textures in OpenWheels are represented with integer values.
// A platform-specific ITextureStorageImplementation handles texture creation,
// destruction and modification.
var texStorage = new VeldridTextureStorage(graphicsDevice);
// Create a renderer that implements the OpenWheels.Rendering.IRenderer interface.
// This guy actually draws everything to the backbuffer.
var renderer = new VeldridRenderer(graphicsDevice, texStorage);
// To render text Batcher needs an IBitmapFontRenderer implementation.
// Our batcher lets use make calls to render lots of different primitive shapes and text.
// When we're done the batcher sends the draw calls to the renderer which will actually do the drawing.
// textures using a string identifier. Internally in OpenWheels textures are identified by an integer.
var batcher = new Batcher();
// OpenWheels.Rendering.ImageSharp contains several extension methods to easily load
// images and fonts into an ITextureStorage implementation.
// Using this library is the easiest way to handle font and texture loading, but it's a separate lib so you can
// use another solution if you prefer.
// The following call creates a font atlas and the corresponding image for the glyphs.
// By default it includes only the basic Latin characters in the atlas.
// The created image is registered with the renderer and the font can be
// set using the Batcher by calling `SetFont(fontId)`.
// m6x11 font by Daniel Linssen: https://managore.itch.io
// Note that this is a pixel perfect font and so it will look good even though OpenWheels has pretty bad text rendering.
var font = texStorage.LoadFont("Resources/m6x11.ttf", 32, (int)'?');
// Google's Roboto font
//var font = texStorage.LoadFont("Resources/Roboto-Medium.ttf", 32, (int) '?');
var first = true;
// We run the game loop here and do our drawing inside of it.
VeldridRunLoop(window, graphicsDevice, () =>
{
renderer.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
// Start a new batch
batcher.Start();
// Note that drawing text changes the active texture to the font atlas texture.
// So if you're rendering other stuff, make sure you set a texture before drawing anything else
batcher.DrawText(font, "Hello, World!", new Vector2(100f, 80f), Color.Black);
batcher.DrawText(font, "This is rendered from a font atlas!", new Vector2(100f, 130f), .5f, Color.DarkRed);
// Reset the transformation matrix
batcher.PositionTransform = Matrix3x2.Identity;
// Let's also render the font atlas so we can see how this works
batcher.SetTexture(font.Texture);
var atlasSize = texStorage.GetTextureSize(font.Texture);
batcher.FillRect(new RectangleF(100, 170, atlasSize.Width, atlasSize.Height), Color.Black);
// Finish the frame and let the renderer draw everything to the back buffer.
batcher.Render(renderer);
if (first)
{
Console.WriteLine("Vertices: " + batcher.VerticesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Indices: " + batcher.IndicesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Batches: " + batcher.BatchCount);
first = false;
}
});
renderer.Dispose();
graphicsDevice.Dispose();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the window and the graphics device
VeldridInit(out var window, out var graphicsDevice);
// Create a renderer that implements the OpenWheels.Rendering.IRenderer interface
// this guy actually draws everything to the backbuffer
var renderer = new VeldridRenderer(graphicsDevice);
// Our batcher lets use make calls to render lots of different primitive shapes and text.
// When we're done the batcher sends the draw calls to the renderer which will actually do the drawing.
// StringIdBatcher is an extension of batcher that supports registering and setting fonts and
// textures using a string identifier. Internally in OpenWheels textures are identified by an integer.
var batcher = new StringIdBatcher(renderer);
const string fontId = "font";
// This creates a font atlas and the corresponding image for the letters.
// By default it includes only the basic Latin characters in the atlas.
// The created image is registered with the renderer and the font can be
// set using the StringIdBatcher by calling `SetFont(fontId)`.
// LoadSystemFont and other extension methods to load textures and fonts into a batcher in a single method call
// are defined in the OpenWheels.Rendering.ImageSharp library.
// Using this library is the easiest way to handle font and texture loading, but it's a separate lib so you can
// use another solution if you prefer.
// Note: System fonts only work on Windows, you can use a font file and call instead `LoadFont` on other platforms.
batcher.LoadSystemFont("Consolas", 24, '?', fontId);
// set the font
batcher.SetFont(fontId);
var first = true;
// We run the game loop here and do our drawing inside of it.
VeldridRunLoop(window, graphicsDevice, () =>
{
renderer.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
// Start a new batch
batcher.Start();
// Note that drawing text changes the active texture to the font atlas texture.
// So if you're rendering other stuff, make sure you set a texture before drawing anything else
batcher.DrawText("Hello World!", new Vector2(100f), Color.Black);
// We rotate and translate this one a little bit for style 😎
batcher.PositionTransform = Matrix3x2.CreateTranslation(52, -154) * Matrix3x2.CreateRotation((float)Math.PI / 2f);
batcher.DrawText("Hell World!", Vector2.Zero, Color.Black, va: VerticalAlignment.Bottom);
// Reset the transformation matrix
batcher.PositionTransform = Matrix3x2.Identity;
// Finish the batch and let the renderer draw everything to the back buffer.
batcher.Finish();
if (first)
{
Console.WriteLine("Vertices: " + batcher.VerticesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Indices: " + batcher.IndicesSubmitted);
Console.WriteLine("Batches: " + batcher.BatchCount);
first = false;
}
});
renderer.Dispose();
graphicsDevice.Dispose();
}