public void MissingSignedParameter() { var cryptoStore = new MemoryCryptoKeyStore(); byte[] associationSecret = Convert.FromBase64String("rsSwv1zPWfjPRQU80hciu8FPDC+GONAMJQ/AvSo1a2M="); string handle = "{634477555066085461}{TTYcIg==}{32}"; cryptoStore.StoreKey(ProviderAssociationKeyStorage.PrivateAssociationBucket, handle, new CryptoKey(associationSecret, DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(1))); var signer = new ProviderSigningBindingElement(new ProviderAssociationKeyStorage(cryptoStore), new ProviderSecuritySettings()); var testChannel = new TestChannel(new OpenIdProviderMessageFactory()); signer.Channel = testChannel; var buggyRPMessage = new Dictionary <string, string>() { { "openid.assoc_handle", "{634477555066085461}{TTYcIg==}{32}" }, { "openid.claimed_id", "https://openid.stackexchange.com/user/f5e91123-e5b4-43c5-871f-5f276c75d31a" }, { "openid.identity", "https://openid.stackexchange.com/user/f5e91123-e5b4-43c5-871f-5f276c75d31a" }, { "openid.mode", "check_authentication" }, { "openid.op_endpoint", "https://openid.stackexchange.com/openid/provider" }, { "openid.response_nonce", "2011-08-01T00:32:10Zvdyt3efw" }, { "openid.return_to", "http://openid-consumer.appspot.com/finish?session_id=1543025&janrain_nonce=2011-08-01T00%3A32%3A09ZIPGz7D" }, { "openid.sig", "b0Rll6Kt1KKBWWBEg/qBvW3sQYtmhOUmpI0/UREBVZ0=" }, { "openid.signed", "claimed_id,identity,assoc_handle,op_endpoint,return_to,response_nonce,ns.sreg,sreg.email,sreg.fullname" }, { "openid.sreg.email", "*****@*****.**" }, { "openid.sreg.fullname", "Kevin K Montrose" }, }; var message = (CheckAuthenticationRequest)testChannel.Receive(buggyRPMessage, new MessageReceivingEndpoint(OPUri, HttpDeliveryMethods.PostRequest)); var originalResponse = new IndirectSignedResponse(message, signer.Channel); signer.ProcessIncomingMessage(originalResponse); }