The IsolationLevel in C# is a concept that allows programmers to control the level of concurrency and consistency in a transaction. A transaction is a set of database operations that are executed as a single logical unit, ensuring that all of them are either completed successfully or rolled back as a whole.
IsolationLevel provides various options for defining the level of isolation that a transaction requires. These options include:
1. ReadUncommitted: This is the lowest level of isolation, where transactions can read uncommitted data from other concurrent transactions. It may lead to dirty reads, non-repeatable reads, and phantom reads.
2. ReadCommitted: In this isolation level, a transaction can only read committed data from other transactions, ensuring no dirty reads. However, it may still lead to non-repeatable reads and phantom reads.
3. RepeatableRead: This isolation level guarantees that a transaction will receive the same data for the same query multiple times within a transaction, even if other transactions are modifying the data. However, phantom reads are still possible.
4. Serializable: This is the highest isolation level that ensures complete isolation between concurrent transactions. It prevents dirty reads, non-repeatable reads, and phantom reads but can lead to increased contention and reduced concurrency.
By carefully selecting the appropriate isolation level, developers can balance the need for data consistency with the desire for concurrent execution, ensuring that the transactions in their applications maintain the desired level of integrity and isolation.
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