static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem("D:\\CodeJam\\test.in"))
{
var TestCount = prob.ReadLineInt32();
int Count = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < TestCount; i++)
{
var Parts = prob.ReadParts();
BigInteger r;
BigInteger t;
BigInteger n = 0;
if (BigInteger.TryParse(Parts[0], out r) && BigInteger.TryParse(Parts[1], out t))
{
BigInteger S1 = 2 * r + 1;
BigInteger D = (S1 - 2);
D = D * D + 8 * t;
var vSqrt = Sqrt1(D);
n = (-(S1 - 2) + Sqrt1(D)) / 4;
}
else
{
Count = -10000000;
}
prob.OutputCase(n);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('c', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int t = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < t; cases++)
{
int n = prob.ReadLineInt32();
int ans = 0;
int[] f = prob.ReadInt32Array();
int min = 10000000;
int sum = 0;
foreach (int x in f)
{
ans = (ans ^ x);
sum += x;
if (min > x)
{
min = x;
}
}
if (ans != 0)
{
prob.OutputCase("NO");
}
else
{
prob.OutputCase(sum - min);
}
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('a', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int t = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < t; cases++)
{
string[] cur = prob.ReadParts();
int n = int.Parse(cur[0]);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
if (cur[2 * i + 1].Equals("O"))
{
cur[2 * i + 1] = "0";
}
else
{
cur[2 * i + 1] = "1";
}
}
int[] time = new int[2];
int[] last = new int[2] {
1, 1
};
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
int x = int.Parse(cur[2 * i + 1]);
int p = int.Parse(cur[2 * i + 2]);
time[x] += Math.Abs(p - last[x]) + 1;
if (time[x] < time[1 - x] + 1)
{
time[x] = time[1 - x] + 1;
}
last[x] = p;
}
prob.OutputCase(Math.Max(time[0], time[1]));
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('d', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int t = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < t; cases++)
{
int n = prob.ReadLineInt32();
int ans = 0;
int[] f = prob.ReadInt32Array();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
if (f[i] != i + 1)
{
ans++;
}
}
prob.OutputCase(ans.ToString() + ".000000");
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('c', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int tcase = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < tcase; cases++)
{
long[] a = prob.ReadInt64Array();
int n = (int)a[0];
l = a[1];
h = a[2];
List <long> x = new List <long>();
long[] ff = prob.ReadInt64Array();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
x.Add(ff[i]);
}
long[] f = x.Distinct().ToArray();
Array.Sort(f);
n = f.Length;
long[] gcd = new long[n];
long[] lcd = new long[n];
int start = 0;
while (f[start] == 0 && start < n)
{
start++;
}
lcd[start] = f[start];
for (int i = start + 1; i < n; i++)
{
if (lcd[i - 1] == -1)
{
lcd[i] = -1;
}
else
{
lcd[i] = clcd(lcd[i - 1], f[i]);
}
}
gcd[n - 1] = f[n - 1];
for (int i = n - 2; i >= start; i--)
{
gcd[i] = cgcd(f[i], gcd[i + 1]);
}
long ans = getMin(l, h, gcd[0]);
for (int i = start; i < n - 1; i++)
{
if (i < n - 2 && f[i] == f[i + 1])
{
continue;
}
if (lcd[i] == -1)
{
break;
}
if (gcd[i + 1] % lcd[i] != 0)
{
continue;
}
if (lcd[i] <= gcd[i + 1])
{
long tl = (l + lcd[i] - 1) / lcd[i];
long th = h / lcd[i];
long tans = getMin(tl, th, gcd[i + 1] / lcd[i]) * lcd[i];
if (tans >= 0 && (ans == -1 || ans > tans))
{
ans = tans;
}
}
}
if (lcd[n - 1] != -1)
{
long ttans = (l + lcd[n - 1] - 1) / lcd[n - 1] * lcd[n - 1];
if (ttans <= h && (ans == -1 || ttans < ans))
{
ans = ttans;
}
}
if (ans == -1)
{
prob.OutputCase("NO");
}
else
{
prob.OutputCase(ans.ToString());
}
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('a', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int tcase = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < tcase; cases++)
{
int[] a = prob.ReadInt32Array();
int r = a[0];
int c = a[1];
string[] ss = prob.ReadLines(r);
char[,] s = new char[r, c];
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
s[i, j] = ss[i][j];
}
}
bool ok = true;
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
{
if (s[i, j] == '#')
{
if (i == r - 1 || j == c - 1)
{
ok = false;
break;
}
if (s[i + 1, j] != '#' || s[i, j + 1] != '#' || s[i + 1, j + 1] != '#')
{
ok = false;
break;
}
s[i, j] = '/';
s[i, j + 1] = '\\';
s[i + 1, j] = '\\';
s[i + 1, j + 1] = '/';
}
if (!ok)
{
break;
}
}
if (!ok)
{
break;
}
}
prob.OutputCase();
if (!ok)
{
prob.WriteLine("Impossible");
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
{
string ans = "";
for (int k = 0; k < c; k++)
{
ans += s[i, k];
}
prob.WriteLine(ans);
}
}
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('a', ProblemType.Large, 1))
{
var t = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int c = 0; c < t; c++)
{
var info1 = prob.ReadInt32Array();
var n = info1[0];
var k = info1[1];
var board = prob.ReadLines(n).Select(s => s.Select(ch => ".RB".IndexOf(ch)).ToArray()).ToArray();
for (int i = 0; i < board.Length; i++)
{
for (int r = 0; r < board[i].Length - 1; r++)
{
for (int j = board[i].Length - 1; j >= 1; j--)
{
if (board[i][j] == 0)
{
board[i][j] = board[i][j - 1];
board[i][j - 1] = 0;
}
}
}
}
var red = false;
var blue = false;
for (int i = 0; i < board.Length; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < board[i].Length; j++)
{
var p = board[i][j];
if (p == 0)
{
continue;
}
var hl = true;
var vl = true;
var dll = true;
var drl = true;
for (int x = 1; x < k; x++)
{
if (j <= board[i].Length - k)
{
if (board[i][j + x] != p)
{
hl = false;
}
}
else
{
hl = false;
}
if (i >= k - 1 && j <= board[i].Length - k)
{
if (board[i - x][j + x] != p)
{
dll = false;
}
}
else
{
dll = false;
}
if (i <= board.Length - k)
{
if (board[i + x][j] != p)
{
vl = false;
}
}
else
{
vl = false;
}
if (i <= board.Length - k && j <= board[i].Length - k)
{
if (board[i + x][j + x] != p)
{
drl = false;
}
}
else
{
drl = false;
}
}
var hasLine = hl || vl || dll || drl;
if (p == 1)
{
red |= hasLine;
}
else if (p == 2)
{
blue |= hasLine;
}
}
}
if (red && blue)
{
prob.OutputCase("Both");
}
else if (red)
{
prob.OutputCase("Red");
}
else if (blue)
{
prob.OutputCase("Blue");
}
else
{
prob.OutputCase("Neither");
}
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem("D:\\CodeJam\\test.in"))
{
var TestCount = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (var i = 0; i < TestCount; i++)
{
prob.ReadInts(out MaxE, out R, out N);
AValues = prob.ReadInt32Array();
UsedE = new int[N];
bool[] Tested = new bool[N];
int MaxGain = 0;
int MaxGainInd = -1;
bool Again = true;
while (Again)
{
Again = false;
MaxGain = 0;
MaxGainInd = -1;
for (var k = 0; k < N; k++)
{
if ((Tested[k] == false) && (AValues[k] > MaxGain))
{
MaxGainInd = k;
MaxGain = AValues[k];
}
}
if (MaxGainInd > -1)
{
Tested[MaxGainInd] = true;
UsedE[MaxGainInd] = CalcEnergy(MaxGainInd);
if (UsedE[MaxGainInd] > 0)
{
Again = true;
}
UsedE[MaxGainInd] -= Correct();
if (UsedE[MaxGainInd] > 0)
{
Again = true;
}
else
{
UsedE[MaxGainInd] = 0;
}
if (Correct() < 0)
{
Again = false;
}
}
}
int Gain = 0;
for (var k = 0; k < N; k++)
{
Gain += UsedE[k] * AValues[k];
}
prob.OutputCase(Gain);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('b', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int t = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < t; cases++)
{
int[,] combine = new int[26, 26];
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++)
{
combine[i, j] = -1;
}
}
bool[,] oppo = new bool[26, 26];
string[] cur = prob.ReadParts();
int ncombine = int.Parse(cur[0]);
int ind = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < ncombine; i++)
{
int x = cur[ind][0] - 'A';
int y = cur[ind][1] - 'A';
int z = cur[ind][2] - 'A';
combine[x, y] = combine[y, x] = z;
ind++;
}
int noppo = int.Parse(cur[ind++]);
for (int i = 0; i < noppo; i++)
{
int x = cur[ind][0] - 'A';
int y = cur[ind][1] - 'A';
oppo[x, y] = oppo[y, x] = true;
ind++;
}
int len = int.Parse(cur[ind++]);
Stack <int> stack = new Stack <int>();
foreach (char c in cur[ind])
{
int x = c - 'A';
if (stack.Count == 0)
{
stack.Push(x);
continue;
}
if (combine[x, stack.Peek()] != -1)
{
int y = stack.Pop();
stack.Push(combine[x, y]);
continue;
}
bool found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
{
if (oppo[x, i] && stack.Contains(i))
{
found = true;
stack.Clear();
break;
}
}
if (!found)
{
stack.Push(x);
}
}
string ans = "[";
int[] s = stack.ToArray();
for (int i = s.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
ans += (char)(s[i] + 'A');
if (i > 0)
{
ans += ", ";
}
}
ans += "]";
prob.OutputCase(ans);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (var prob = new CodeJamProblem('b', ProblemType.Large, 0))
{
int tcase = prob.ReadLineInt32();
for (int cases = 0; cases < tcase; cases++)
{
long[] a = prob.ReadInt64Array();
long l = a[0];
long t = a[1];
long n = a[2];
long c = a[3];
long sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
a[i] = a[i + 4] * 2;
sum += a[i];
}
long left = t;
int now = 0;
long ans = 0;
while (now < n && left >= a[now % c])
{
left -= a[now % c];
ans += a[now % c];
now++;
}
if (now == n)
{
prob.OutputCase(ans.ToString());
continue;
}
long[] ap = new long[11000 * 2];
ans += left;
ap[a[now % c] - left]++;
long numleft = n - now - 1;
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++)
{
if (i < (numleft % c))
{
ap[a[(now + 1 + i) % c]] += numleft / c + 1;
}
else
{
ap[a[(now + 1 + i) % c]] += numleft / c;
}
}
for (int i = 21000; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (ap[i] <= l)
{
l -= ap[i];
ans += ap[i] * i / 2;
}
else
{
ans += ap[i] * i - (l * i / 2);
l = 0;
}
}
prob.OutputCase(ans.ToString());
}
}
}