private static void RandomlyCropImage(Matrix <RgbPixel> inputImage, Matrix <ushort> labelImage, TrainingSample crop, Rand rnd)
{
var rect = MakeRandomCroppingRectResNet(inputImage, rnd);
using (var chipDims = new ChipDims(227, 227))
using (var chipDetails = new ChipDetails(rect, chipDims))
{
// Crop the input image.
crop.InputImage = Dlib.ExtractImageChip <RgbPixel>(inputImage, chipDetails, InterpolationTypes.Bilinear);
// Crop the labels correspondingly. However, note that here bilinear
// interpolation would make absolutely no sense - you wouldn't say that
// a bicycle is half-way between an aeroplane and a bird, would you?
crop.LabelImage = Dlib.ExtractImageChip <ushort>(labelImage, chipDetails, InterpolationTypes.NearestNeighbor);
// Also randomly flip the input image and the labels.
if (rnd.GetRandomDouble() > 0.5)
{
var tmpInput = Dlib.FlipLR(crop.InputImage);
var tmpLabel = Dlib.FlipLR(crop.LabelImage);
crop.InputImage?.Dispose();
crop.LabelImage?.Dispose();
crop.InputImage = tmpInput;
crop.LabelImage = tmpLabel;
}
// And then randomly adjust the colors.
Dlib.ApplyRandomColorOffset(crop.InputImage, rnd);
}
}
public void ExtractImageChip()
{
var path = this.GetDataFile($"{LoadTarget}.bmp");
const int loop = 1000;
var sizeArray = new long[loop];
var first = GetCurrentMemory();
var start = GetCurrentMemory() - first;
using (var image = DlibTest.LoadImage(ImageTypes.RgbPixel, path))
using (var dims = new ChipDims(227, 227))
using (var chip = new ChipDetails(new Rectangle(0, 0, 100, 100), dims))
for (var count = 0; count < loop; count++)
{
using (Dlib.ExtractImageChip <RgbPixel>(image, chip))
sizeArray[count] = GetCurrentMemory();
}
// Important!!
GC.Collect(2, GCCollectionMode.Forced, true);
var end = GetCurrentMemory() - first;
Console.WriteLine(" Start Total Memory = {0} KB", start / 1024);
Console.WriteLine(" End Total Memory = {0} KB", end / 1024);
Console.WriteLine("Delta (End - Start) Memory = {0} KB", (end - start) / 1024);
// Rough estimate whether occur memory leak (less than 10240KB)
Assert.IsTrue((end - start) / 1024 < 10240);
}
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (args.Length != 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("You call this program like this: ");
Console.WriteLine("./dnn_semantic_segmentation_train_ex /path/to/images");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("You will also need a trained 'semantic_segmentation_voc2012net.dnn' file.");
Console.WriteLine("You can either train it yourself (see example program");
Console.WriteLine("dnn_semantic_segmentation_train_ex), or download a");
Console.WriteLine("copy from here: http://dlib.net/files/semantic_segmentation_voc2012net.dnn");
return;
}
try
{
// Read the file containing the trained network from the working directory.
using (var net = LossMulticlassLogPerPixel.Deserialize("semantic_segmentation_voc2012net.dnn"))
{
// Show inference results in a window.
using (var win = new ImageWindow())
{
// Find supported image files.
var files = Directory.GetFiles(args[0])
.Where(s => s.EndsWith(".jpeg") || s.EndsWith(".jpg") || s.EndsWith(".png")).ToArray();
Console.WriteLine($"Found {files.Length} images, processing...");
foreach (var file in files)
{
// Load the input image.
using (var inputImage = Dlib.LoadImageAsMatrix <RgbPixel>(file))
{
// Create predictions for each pixel. At this point, the type of each prediction
// is an index (a value between 0 and 20). Note that the net may return an image
// that is not exactly the same size as the input.
using (var output = net.Operator(inputImage))
using (var temp = output.First())
{
// Crop the returned image to be exactly the same size as the input.
var rect = Rectangle.CenteredRect((int)(temp.Columns / 2d), (int)(temp.Rows / 2d), (uint)inputImage.Columns, (uint)inputImage.Rows);
using (var dims = new ChipDims((uint)inputImage.Rows, (uint)inputImage.Columns))
using (var chipDetails = new ChipDetails(rect, dims))
using (var indexLabelImage = Dlib.ExtractImageChip <ushort>(temp, chipDetails, InterpolationTypes.NearestNeighbor))
{
// Convert the indexes to RGB values.
using (var rgbLabelImage = IndexLabelImageToRgbLabelImage(indexLabelImage))
{
// Show the input image on the left, and the predicted RGB labels on the right.
using (var joinedRow = Dlib.JoinRows(inputImage, rgbLabelImage))
{
win.SetImage(joinedRow);
// Find the most prominent class label from amongst the per-pixel predictions.
var classLabel = GetMostProminentNonBackgroundClassLabel(indexLabelImage);
Console.WriteLine($"{file} : {classLabel} - hit enter to process the next image");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e);
}
}
// Calculate the per-pixel accuracy on a dataset whose file names are supplied as a parameter.
private static double CalculateAccuracy(LossMulticlassLogPerPixel anet, IEnumerable <ImageInfo> dataset)
{
var numRight = 0;
var numWrong = 0;
foreach (var imageInfo in dataset)
{
// Load the input image.
using (var inputImage = Dlib.LoadImageAsMatrix <RgbPixel>(imageInfo.ImageFilename))
{
// Load the ground-truth (RGB) labels.;
using (var rgbLabelImage = Dlib.LoadImageAsMatrix <RgbPixel>(imageInfo.ClassLabelFilename))
{
// Create predictions for each pixel. At this point, the type of each prediction
// is an index (a value between 0 and 20). Note that the net may return an image
// that is not exactly the same size as the input.
using (var output = anet.Operator(inputImage))
using (var temp = output.First())
{
// Convert the indexes to RGB values.
using (var indexLabelImage = new Matrix <ushort>())
{
PascalVOC2012.RgbLabelImageToIndexLabelImage(rgbLabelImage, indexLabelImage);
// Crop the net output to be exactly the same size as the input.
using (var chipDims = new ChipDims((uint)inputImage.Rows, (uint)inputImage.Columns))
using (var chipDetails = new ChipDetails(Dlib.CenteredRect(temp.Columns / 2, temp.Rows / 2,
(uint)inputImage.Columns,
(uint)inputImage.Rows),
chipDims))
{
using (var netOutput = Dlib.ExtractImageChip <ushort>(temp, chipDetails, InterpolationTypes.NearestNeighbor))
{
var nr = indexLabelImage.Rows;
var nc = indexLabelImage.Columns;
// Compare the predicted values to the ground-truth values.
for (var r = 0; r < nr; ++r)
{
for (var c = 0; c < nc; ++c)
{
var truth = indexLabelImage[r, c];
if (truth != LossMulticlassLogPerPixel.LabelToIgnore)
{
var prediction = netOutput[r, c];
if (prediction == truth)
{
++numRight;
}
else
{
++numWrong;
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
// Return the accuracy estimate.
return(numRight / (double)(numRight + numWrong));
}
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
if (args.Length != 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("You call this program like this: ");
Console.WriteLine("./dnn_instance_segmentation_train_ex /path/to/images");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine($"You will also need a trained '{InstanceSegmentationNetFilename}' file.");
Console.WriteLine("You can either train it yourself (see example program");
Console.WriteLine("dnn_instance_segmentation_train_ex), or download a");
Console.WriteLine($"copy from here: http://dlib.net/files/{InstanceSegmentationNetFilename}");
return;
}
try
{
// Read the file containing the trained network from the working directory.
using (var deserialize = new ProxyDeserialize(InstanceSegmentationNetFilename))
using (var detNet = LossMmod.Deserialize(deserialize, 4))
{
var segNetsByClass = new Dictionary <string, LossMulticlassLogPerPixel>();
segNetsByClass.Deserialize(deserialize, 4);
// Show inference results in a window.
using (var win = new ImageWindow())
{
// Find supported image files.
var files = Directory.GetFiles(args[0])
.Where(s => s.EndsWith(".jpeg") || s.EndsWith(".jpg") || s.EndsWith(".png")).ToArray();
using (var rnd = new Rand())
{
Console.WriteLine($"Found {files.Length} images, processing...");
foreach (var file in files.Select(s => new FileInfo(s)))
{
// Load the input image.
using (var inputImage = Dlib.LoadImageAsMatrix <RgbPixel>(file.FullName))
{
// Create predictions for each pixel. At this point, the type of each prediction
// is an index (a value between 0 and 20). Note that the net may return an image
// that is not exactly the same size as the input.
using (var output = detNet.Operator(inputImage))
{
var instances = output.First().ToList();
instances.Sort((lhs, rhs) => (int)lhs.Rect.Area - (int)rhs.Rect.Area);
using (var rgbLabelImage = new Matrix <RgbPixel>())
{
rgbLabelImage.SetSize(inputImage.Rows, inputImage.Columns);
rgbLabelImage.Assign(Enumerable.Range(0, rgbLabelImage.Size).Select(i => new RgbPixel(0, 0, 0)).ToArray());
var foundSomething = false;
foreach (var instance in instances)
{
if (!foundSomething)
{
Console.Write("Found ");
foundSomething = true;
}
else
{
Console.Write(", ");
}
Console.Write(instance.Label);
var croppingRect = GetCroppingRect(instance.Rect);
using (var dims = new ChipDims(SegDim, SegDim))
using (var chipDetails = new ChipDetails(croppingRect, dims))
using (var inputChip = Dlib.ExtractImageChip <RgbPixel>(inputImage, chipDetails, InterpolationTypes.Bilinear))
{
if (!segNetsByClass.TryGetValue(instance.Label, out var i))
{
// per-class segmentation net not found, so we must be using the same net for all classes
// (see bool separate_seg_net_for_each_class in dnn_instance_segmentation_train_ex.cpp)
if (segNetsByClass.Count == 1)
{
throw new ApplicationException();
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(segNetsByClass.First().Key))
{
throw new ApplicationException();
}
}
var segNet = i != null
? i // use the segmentation net trained for this class
: segNetsByClass.First().Value; // use the same segmentation net for all classes
using (var mask = segNet.Operator(inputChip))
{
var randomColor = new RgbPixel(
rnd.GetRandom8BitNumber(),
rnd.GetRandom8BitNumber(),
rnd.GetRandom8BitNumber()
);
using (var resizedMask = new Matrix <ushort>((int)chipDetails.Rect.Height, (int)chipDetails.Rect.Width))
{
Dlib.ResizeImage(mask.First(), resizedMask);
for (int r = 0, nr = resizedMask.Rows; r < nr; ++r)
{
for (int c = 0, nc = resizedMask.Columns; c < nc; ++c)
{
if (resizedMask[r, c] != 0)
{
var y = (int)(chipDetails.Rect.Top + r);
var x = (int)(chipDetails.Rect.Left + c);
if (y >= 0 && y < rgbLabelImage.Rows && x >= 0 && x < rgbLabelImage.Columns)
{
rgbLabelImage[y, x] = randomColor;
}
}
}
}
}
var voc2012Class = PascalVOC2012.FindVoc2012Class(instance.Label);
Dlib.DrawRectangle(rgbLabelImage, instance.Rect, voc2012Class.RgbLabel, 1u);
}
}
}
instances.DisposeElement();
using (var tmp = Dlib.JoinRows(inputImage, rgbLabelImage))
{
// Show the input image on the left, and the predicted RGB labels on the right.
win.SetImage(tmp);
if (instances.Any())
{
Console.Write($" in {file.Name} - hit enter to process the next image");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
foreach (var kvp in segNetsByClass)
{
kvp.Value.Dispose();
}
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e);
}
}
public void ExtractImageChip()
{
const string testName = nameof(ExtractImageChip);
var path = this.GetDataFile($"{LoadTarget}.bmp");
var tests = new[]
{
new { Type = ImageTypes.RgbPixel, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.RgbAlphaPixel, ExpectResult = false },
new { Type = ImageTypes.UInt8, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.UInt16, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.UInt32, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.Int8, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.Int16, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.Int32, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.HsiPixel, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.Float, ExpectResult = true },
new { Type = ImageTypes.Double, ExpectResult = true }
};
var type = this.GetType().Name;
using (var dims = new ChipDims(227, 227))
using (var chip = new ChipDetails(new Rectangle(0, 0, 100, 100), dims))
foreach (var input in tests)
{
var expectResult = input.ExpectResult;
var imageObj = DlibTest.LoadImage(input.Type, path);
var outputImageAction = new Func <bool, Array2DBase>(expect =>
{
switch (input.Type)
{
case ImageTypes.RgbPixel:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <RgbPixel>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.RgbAlphaPixel:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <RgbAlphaPixel>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.UInt8:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <byte>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.UInt16:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <ushort>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.UInt32:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <uint>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.Int8:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <sbyte>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.Int16:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <short>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.Int32:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <int>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.HsiPixel:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <HsiPixel>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.Float:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <float>(imageObj, chip));
case ImageTypes.Double:
return(Dlib.ExtractImageChip <double>(imageObj, chip));
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
});
var successAction = new Action <Array2DBase>(image =>
{
Dlib.SaveBmp(image, $"{Path.Combine(this.GetOutDir(type, testName), $"{LoadTarget}_{input.Type}.bmp")}");
});
var failAction = new Action(() =>
{
Assert.Fail($"{testName} should throw exception for InputType: {input.Type}.");
});
var finallyAction = new Action(() =>
{
if (imageObj != null)
{
this.DisposeAndCheckDisposedState(imageObj);
}
});
var exceptionAction = new Action(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"Failed to execute {testName} to InputType: {input.Type}, Type: {input.Type}.");
});
DoTest(outputImageAction, expectResult, successAction, finallyAction, failAction, exceptionAction);
}
}
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
// In this example we are going to train a face detector based on the
// small faces dataset in the examples/faces directory. So the first
// thing we do is load that dataset. This means you need to supply the
// path to this faces folder as a command line argument so we will know
// where it is.
if (args.Length != 1)
{
Console.WriteLine("Give the path to the examples/faces directory as the argument to this");
Console.WriteLine("program. For example, if you are in the examples folder then execute ");
Console.WriteLine("this program by running: ");
Console.WriteLine(" ./dnn_mmod_ex faces");
return;
}
var facesDirectory = args[0];
// The faces directory contains a training dataset and a separate
// testing dataset. The training data consists of 4 images, each
// annotated with rectangles that bound each human face. The idea is
// to use this training data to learn to identify human faces in new
// images.
//
// Once you have trained an object detector it is always important to
// test it on data it wasn't trained on. Therefore, we will also load
// a separate testing set of 5 images. Once we have a face detector
// created from the training data we will see how well it works by
// running it on the testing images.
//
// So here we create the variables that will hold our dataset.
// images_train will hold the 4 training images and face_boxes_train
// holds the locations of the faces in the training images. So for
// example, the image images_train[0] has the faces given by the
// rectangles in face_boxes_train[0].
IList <Matrix <RgbPixel> > imagesTrain;
IList <Matrix <RgbPixel> > imagesTest;
IList <IList <MModRect> > faceBoxesTrain;
IList <IList <MModRect> > faceBoxesTest;
// Now we load the data. These XML files list the images in each dataset
// and also contain the positions of the face boxes. Obviously you can use
// any kind of input format you like so long as you store the data into
// images_train and face_boxes_train. But for convenience dlib comes with
// tools for creating and loading XML image datasets. Here you see how to
// load the data. To create the XML files you can use the imglab tool which
// can be found in the tools/imglab folder. It is a simple graphical tool
// for labeling objects in images with boxes. To see how to use it read the
// tools/imglab/README.txt file.
Dlib.LoadImageDataset(facesDirectory + "/training.xml", out imagesTrain, out faceBoxesTrain);
Dlib.LoadImageDataset(facesDirectory + "/testing.xml", out imagesTest, out faceBoxesTest);
Console.WriteLine($"num training images: {imagesTrain.Count()}");
Console.WriteLine($"num testing images: {imagesTest.Count()}");
// The MMOD algorithm has some options you can set to control its behavior. However,
// you can also call the constructor with your training annotations and a "target
// object size" and it will automatically configure itself in a reasonable way for your
// problem. Here we are saying that faces are still recognizably faces when they are
// 40x40 pixels in size. You should generally pick the smallest size where this is
// true. Based on this information the mmod_options constructor will automatically
// pick a good sliding window width and height. It will also automatically set the
// non-max-suppression parameters to something reasonable. For further details see the
// mmod_options documentation.
using (var options = new MModOptions(faceBoxesTrain, 40, 40))
{
// The detector will automatically decide to use multiple sliding windows if needed.
// For the face data, only one is needed however.
var detectorWindows = options.DetectorWindows.ToArray();
Console.WriteLine($"num detector windows: {detectorWindows.Length}");
foreach (var w in detectorWindows)
{
Console.WriteLine($"detector window width by height: {w.Width} x {w.Height}");
}
Console.WriteLine($"overlap NMS IOU thresh: {options.OverlapsNms.GetIouThresh()}");
Console.WriteLine($"overlap NMS percent covered thresh: {options.OverlapsNms.GetPercentCoveredThresh()}");
// Now we are ready to create our network and trainer.
using (var net = new LossMmod(options, 2))
{
// The MMOD loss requires that the number of filters in the final network layer equal
// options.detector_windows.size(). So we set that here as well.
using (var subnet = net.GetSubnet())
using (var details = subnet.GetLayerDetails())
{
details.SetNumFilters(detectorWindows.Length);
using (var trainer = new DnnTrainer <LossMmod>(net))
{
trainer.SetLearningRate(0.1);
trainer.BeVerbose();
trainer.SetSynchronizationFile("mmod_sync", 5 * 60);
trainer.SetIterationsWithoutProgressThreshold(300);
// Now let's train the network. We are going to use mini-batches of 150
// images. The images are random crops from our training set (see
// random_cropper_ex.cpp for a discussion of the random_cropper).
IEnumerable <Matrix <RgbPixel> > miniBatchSamples;
//IEnumerable<IEnumerable<RgbPixel>> mini_batch_labels;
IEnumerable <IEnumerable <MModRect> > miniBatchLabels;
using (var cropper = new RandomCropper())
using (var chipDims = new ChipDims(200, 200))
{
cropper.ChipDims = chipDims;
// Usually you want to give the cropper whatever min sizes you passed to the
// mmod_options constructor, which is what we do here.
cropper.SetMinObjectSize(40, 40);
using (var rnd = new Rand())
{
// Run the trainer until the learning rate gets small. This will probably take several
// hours.
while (trainer.GetLearningRate() >= 1e-4)
{
cropper.Operator(150, imagesTrain, faceBoxesTrain, out miniBatchSamples, out miniBatchLabels);
// We can also randomly jitter the colors and that often helps a detector
// generalize better to new images.
foreach (var img in miniBatchSamples)
{
Dlib.DisturbColors(img, rnd);
}
LossMmod.TrainOneStep(trainer, miniBatchSamples, miniBatchLabels);
miniBatchSamples.DisposeElement();
miniBatchLabels.DisposeElement();
}
// wait for training threads to stop
trainer.GetNet();
Console.WriteLine("done training");
// Save the network to disk
net.Clean();
LossMmod.Serialize(net, "mmod_network.dat");
// Now that we have a face detector we can test it. The first statement tests it
// on the training data. It will print the precision, recall, and then average precision.
// This statement should indicate that the network works perfectly on the
// training data.
using (var matrix = Dlib.TestObjectDetectionFunction(net, imagesTrain, faceBoxesTrain))
Console.WriteLine($"training results: {matrix}");
// However, to get an idea if it really worked without overfitting we need to run
// it on images it wasn't trained on. The next line does this. Happily,
// this statement indicates that the detector finds most of the faces in the
// testing data.
using (var matrix = Dlib.TestObjectDetectionFunction(net, imagesTest, faceBoxesTest))
Console.WriteLine($"testing results: {matrix}");
// If you are running many experiments, it's also useful to log the settings used
// during the training experiment. This statement will print the settings we used to
// the screen.
Console.WriteLine($"{trainer}{cropper}");
// Now lets run the detector on the testing images and look at the outputs.
using (var win = new ImageWindow())
foreach (var img in imagesTest)
{
Dlib.PyramidUp(img);
var dets = net.Operator(img);
win.ClearOverlay();
win.SetImage(img);
foreach (var d in dets[0])
{
win.AddOverlay(d);
}
Console.ReadKey();
foreach (var det in dets)
{
foreach (var d in det)
{
d.Dispose();
}
}
}
// Now that you finished this example, you should read dnn_mmod_train_find_cars_ex.cpp,
// which is a more advanced example. It discusses many issues surrounding properly
// setting the MMOD parameters and creating a good training dataset.
}
}
}
}
}
detectorWindows.DisposeElement();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e);
}
}