private void SerializeDictionary(JsonWriter writer, IDictionary values, JsonDictionaryContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract collectionContract, JsonProperty containerProperty)
        {
            IWrappedDictionary wrappedDictionary = values as IWrappedDictionary;
            object underlyingDictionary = wrappedDictionary != null ? wrappedDictionary.UnderlyingDictionary : values;

            OnSerializing(writer, contract, underlyingDictionary);
            _serializeStack.Add(underlyingDictionary);

            WriteObjectStart(writer, underlyingDictionary, contract, member, collectionContract, containerProperty);

            if (contract.ItemContract == null)
                contract.ItemContract = Serializer._contractResolver.ResolveContract(contract.DictionaryValueType ?? typeof(object));

            if (contract.KeyContract == null)
                contract.KeyContract = Serializer._contractResolver.ResolveContract(contract.DictionaryKeyType ?? typeof(object));

            int initialDepth = writer.Top;

            foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in values)
            {
                bool escape;
                string propertyName = GetPropertyName(writer, entry.Key, contract.KeyContract, out escape);

                propertyName = (contract.PropertyNameResolver != null)
                    ? contract.PropertyNameResolver(propertyName)
                    : propertyName;

                try
                {
                    object value = entry.Value;
                    JsonContract valueContract = contract.FinalItemContract ?? GetContractSafe(value);

                    if (ShouldWriteReference(value, null, valueContract, contract, member))
                    {
                        writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName, escape);
                        WriteReference(writer, value);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (!CheckForCircularReference(writer, value, null, valueContract, contract, member))
                            continue;

                        writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName, escape);

                        SerializeValue(writer, value, valueContract, null, contract, member);
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    if (IsErrorHandled(underlyingDictionary, contract, propertyName, null, writer.ContainerPath, ex))
                        HandleError(writer, initialDepth);
                    else
                        throw;
                }
            }

            writer.WriteEndObject();

            _serializeStack.RemoveAt(_serializeStack.Count - 1);

            OnSerialized(writer, contract, underlyingDictionary);
        }
        private void SerializeValue(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonContract valueContract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract containerContract, JsonProperty containerProperty)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                writer.WriteNull();
                return;
            }

            JsonConverter converter =
                ((member != null) ? member.Converter : null) ??
                ((containerProperty != null) ? containerProperty.ItemConverter : null) ??
                ((containerContract != null) ? containerContract.ItemConverter : null) ??
                valueContract.Converter ??
                Serializer.GetMatchingConverter(valueContract.UnderlyingType) ??
                valueContract.InternalConverter;

            if (converter != null && converter.CanWrite)
            {
                SerializeConvertable(writer, converter, value, valueContract, containerContract, containerProperty);
                return;
            }

            switch (valueContract.ContractType)
            {
            case JsonContractType.Object:
                SerializeObject(writer, value, (JsonObjectContract)valueContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                break;

            case JsonContractType.Array:
                JsonArrayContract arrayContract = (JsonArrayContract)valueContract;
                if (!arrayContract.IsMultidimensionalArray)
                {
                    SerializeList(writer, (IEnumerable)value, arrayContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                }
                else
                {
                    SerializeMultidimensionalArray(writer, (Array)value, arrayContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                }
                break;

            case JsonContractType.Primitive:
                SerializePrimitive(writer, value, (JsonPrimitiveContract)valueContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                break;

            case JsonContractType.String:
                SerializeString(writer, value, (JsonStringContract)valueContract);
                break;

            case JsonContractType.Dictionary:
                JsonDictionaryContract dictionaryContract = (JsonDictionaryContract)valueContract;
                SerializeDictionary(writer, (value is IDictionary) ? (IDictionary)value : dictionaryContract.CreateWrapper(value), dictionaryContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                break;

#if !(NET35 || NET20 || PORTABLE40)
            case JsonContractType.Dynamic:
                SerializeDynamic(writer, (IDynamicMetaObjectProvider)value, (JsonDynamicContract)valueContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                break;
#endif
#if !(NETFX_CORE || PORTABLE40 || PORTABLE)
            case JsonContractType.Serializable:
                SerializeISerializable(writer, (ISerializable)value, (JsonISerializableContract)valueContract, member, containerContract, containerProperty);
                break;
#endif
            case JsonContractType.Linq:
                ((JToken)value).WriteTo(writer, Serializer.Converters.ToArray());
                break;
            }
        }
        private object PopulateDictionary(IDictionary dictionary, JsonReader reader, JsonDictionaryContract contract, JsonProperty containerProperty, string id)
        {
            IWrappedDictionary wrappedDictionary = dictionary as IWrappedDictionary;
            object underlyingDictionary = wrappedDictionary != null ? wrappedDictionary.UnderlyingDictionary : dictionary;

            if (id != null)
                AddReference(reader, id, underlyingDictionary);

            OnDeserializing(reader, contract, underlyingDictionary);

            int initialDepth = reader.Depth;

            if (contract.KeyContract == null)
                contract.KeyContract = GetContractSafe(contract.DictionaryKeyType);

            if (contract.ItemContract == null)
                contract.ItemContract = GetContractSafe(contract.DictionaryValueType);

            JsonConverter dictionaryValueConverter = contract.ItemConverter ?? GetConverter(contract.ItemContract, null, contract, containerProperty);
            PrimitiveTypeCode keyTypeCode = (contract.KeyContract is JsonPrimitiveContract) ? ((JsonPrimitiveContract)contract.KeyContract).TypeCode : PrimitiveTypeCode.Empty;

            bool finished = false;
            do
            {
                switch (reader.TokenType)
                {
                    case JsonToken.PropertyName:
                        object keyValue = reader.Value;
                        if (CheckPropertyName(reader, keyValue.ToString()))
                            continue;

                        try
                        {
                            try
                            {
                                DateParseHandling dateParseHandling;
                                switch (keyTypeCode)
                                {
                                    case PrimitiveTypeCode.DateTime:
                                    case PrimitiveTypeCode.DateTimeNullable:
                                        dateParseHandling = DateParseHandling.DateTime;
                                        break;
#if !NET20
                                    case PrimitiveTypeCode.DateTimeOffset:
                                    case PrimitiveTypeCode.DateTimeOffsetNullable:
                                        dateParseHandling = DateParseHandling.DateTimeOffset;
                                        break;
#endif
                                    default:
                                        dateParseHandling = DateParseHandling.None;
                                        break;
                                }

                                // this is for correctly reading ISO and MS formatted dictionary keys
                                object dt;
                                if (dateParseHandling != DateParseHandling.None && DateTimeUtils.TryParseDateTime(keyValue.ToString(), dateParseHandling, reader.DateTimeZoneHandling, reader.DateFormatString, reader.Culture, out dt))
                                    keyValue = dt;
                                else
                                    keyValue = EnsureType(reader, keyValue, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, contract.KeyContract, contract.DictionaryKeyType);
                            }
                            catch (Exception ex)
                            {
                                throw JsonSerializationException.Create(reader, "Could not convert string '{0}' to dictionary key type '{1}'. Create a TypeConverter to convert from the string to the key type object.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, reader.Value, contract.DictionaryKeyType), ex);
                            }

                            if (!ReadForType(reader, contract.ItemContract, dictionaryValueConverter != null))
                                throw JsonSerializationException.Create(reader, "Unexpected end when deserializing object.");

                            object itemValue;
                            if (dictionaryValueConverter != null && dictionaryValueConverter.CanRead)
                                itemValue = DeserializeConvertable(dictionaryValueConverter, reader, contract.DictionaryValueType, null);
                            else
                                itemValue = CreateValueInternal(reader, contract.DictionaryValueType, contract.ItemContract, null, contract, containerProperty, null);

                            dictionary[keyValue] = itemValue;
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            if (IsErrorHandled(underlyingDictionary, contract, keyValue, reader as IJsonLineInfo, reader.Path, ex))
                                HandleError(reader, true, initialDepth);
                            else
                                throw;
                        }
                        break;
                    case JsonToken.Comment:
                        break;
                    case JsonToken.EndObject:
                        finished = true;
                        break;
                    default:
                        throw JsonSerializationException.Create(reader, "Unexpected token when deserializing object: " + reader.TokenType);
                }
            } while (!finished && reader.Read());

            if (!finished)
                ThrowUnexpectedEndException(reader, contract, underlyingDictionary, "Unexpected end when deserializing object.");

            OnDeserialized(reader, contract, underlyingDictionary);
            return underlyingDictionary;
        }
        private void SerializeDictionary(JsonWriter writer, IDictionary values, JsonDictionaryContract contract, JsonProperty member, JsonContainerContract collectionContract, JsonProperty containerProperty)
        {
            IWrappedDictionary wrappedDictionary    = values as IWrappedDictionary;
            object             underlyingDictionary = wrappedDictionary != null ? wrappedDictionary.UnderlyingDictionary : values;

            OnSerializing(writer, contract, underlyingDictionary);
            _serializeStack.Add(underlyingDictionary);

            WriteObjectStart(writer, underlyingDictionary, contract, member, collectionContract, containerProperty);

            if (contract.ItemContract == null)
            {
                contract.ItemContract = Serializer._contractResolver.ResolveContract(contract.DictionaryValueType ?? typeof(object));
            }

            if (contract.KeyContract == null)
            {
                contract.KeyContract = Serializer._contractResolver.ResolveContract(contract.DictionaryKeyType ?? typeof(object));
            }

            int initialDepth = writer.Top;

            foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in values)
            {
                bool   escape;
                string propertyName = GetPropertyName(writer, entry.Key, contract.KeyContract, out escape);

                propertyName = (contract.PropertyNameResolver != null)
                    ? contract.PropertyNameResolver(propertyName)
                    : propertyName;

                try
                {
                    object       value         = entry.Value;
                    JsonContract valueContract = contract.FinalItemContract ?? GetContractSafe(value);

                    if (ShouldWriteReference(value, null, valueContract, contract, member))
                    {
                        writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName, escape);
                        WriteReference(writer, value);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (!CheckForCircularReference(writer, value, null, valueContract, contract, member))
                        {
                            continue;
                        }

                        writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName, escape);

                        SerializeValue(writer, value, valueContract, null, contract, member);
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    if (IsErrorHandled(underlyingDictionary, contract, propertyName, null, writer.ContainerPath, ex))
                    {
                        HandleError(writer, initialDepth);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        throw;
                    }
                }
            }

            writer.WriteEndObject();

            _serializeStack.RemoveAt(_serializeStack.Count - 1);

            OnSerialized(writer, contract, underlyingDictionary);
        }
        private IDictionary CreateNewDictionary(JsonReader reader, JsonDictionaryContract contract, out bool createdFromNonDefaultCreator)
        {
            if (contract.IsReadOnlyOrFixedSize)
            {
                createdFromNonDefaultCreator = true;
                return contract.CreateTemporaryDictionary();
            }
            else if (contract.DefaultCreator != null && (!contract.DefaultCreatorNonPublic || Serializer._constructorHandling == ConstructorHandling.AllowNonPublicDefaultConstructor))
            {
                object dictionary = contract.DefaultCreator();

                if (contract.ShouldCreateWrapper)
                    dictionary = contract.CreateWrapper(dictionary);

                createdFromNonDefaultCreator = false;
                return (IDictionary)dictionary;
            }
            else if (contract.HasParametrizedCreator)
            {
                createdFromNonDefaultCreator = true;
                return contract.CreateTemporaryDictionary();
            }
            else
            {
                if (!contract.IsInstantiable)
                    throw JsonSerializationException.Create(reader, "Could not create an instance of type {0}. Type is an interface or abstract class and cannot be instantiated.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, contract.UnderlyingType));

                throw JsonSerializationException.Create(reader, "Unable to find a default constructor to use for type {0}.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, contract.UnderlyingType));
            }
        }