protected internal override void Unproject(double x, double y, out double latitude, out double longitude)
        {
            var ros = x * x + (_ro0 - y) * (_ro0 - y);
            var a   = _cOverN2 - ros * _nHalf;

            if (double.IsNaN(a) || Math.Abs(a) > 1 + MathX.Tolerance)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(paramName: string.Join(",", new [] { nameof(x), nameof(y) }));
            }

            latitude  = Math.Asin(MathX.Clamp(1, a));
            longitude = MathX.Clamp(Math.PI, MathX.Atan2(x, _ro0 - y, "x, y") * _invN);
        }
        protected internal override void Project(double latitude, double longitude, out double x, out double y)
        {
            var sinLatitude = Math.Sin(latitude);
            var cosLatitude = Math.Cos(latitude);

            var sinLongitude = Math.Sin(longitude);
            var cosLongitude = Math.Cos(longitude);

            var a = _sinFiP * sinLatitude - _cosFiP * cosLatitude * sinLongitude;             // sin_fi_p

            if (double.IsNaN(a) || Math.Abs(a) > 1)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(string.Join(",", new[] { nameof(latitude), nameof(longitude) }));
            }

            x = MathX.Atan2(sinLatitude / cosLatitude * _cosFiP + sinLongitude * _sinFiP, cosLongitude, "latitude, longitude");
            y = MathX.Clamp(MaxY, Math.Log((1 + a) / (1 - a)) / 2);             // protect against +-Infinity
        }
        protected internal override void Unproject(double x, double y, out double latitude, out double longitude)
        {
            var sinX = Math.Sin(x);
            var cosX = Math.Cos(x);

            var sinhY = Math.Sinh(y);
            var coshY = Math.Cosh(y);

            // cosh_y >= 1 by definition
            var a = (_sinFiP * sinhY + _cosFiP * sinX) / coshY;

            if (Math.Abs(a) > 1)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(string.Join(",", new [] { nameof(x), nameof(y) }));
            }

            latitude  = Math.Asin(a);
            longitude = MathX.Atan2(_sinFiP * sinX - _cosFiP * sinhY, cosX, "x, y");
        }
 protected internal override void Unproject(double x, double y, out double latitude, out double longitude)
 {
     if (x >= MaxX)
     {
         latitude  = 0;
         longitude = Math.PI / 2;
     }
     else if (x <= -MaxX)
     {
         latitude  = 0;
         longitude = -Math.PI / 2;
     }
     else
     {
         // 1 <= cosh(x) <= cosh(MaxX)
         latitude = Math.Asin(Math.Sin(y) / Math.Cosh(x));
         // In case of x=0 and y=+-Pi/2: latitude will be +-90 and longitude will be 0
         longitude = MathX.Atan2(Math.Sinh(x), Math.Cos(y));
     }
 }