/// <summary>
/// Build byte data from IFD data.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ifd">IFD structure which will be composed to binary data.</param>
/// <param name="SectionOffset">Offset of this IFD section from TIFF header.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] ComposeIfdsection(IfdData ifd, Definitions.Endian MetadataEndian)
{
var data = ifd.Entries;
// calcurate total size of IFD
var TotalSize = 2; // TIFF HEader + number of entry
UInt32 count = 0;
foreach (Entry entry in data.Values)
{
count++;
TotalSize += 12;
// if value is more than 4 bytes, need separated section to store all data.
if (entry.value.Length > 4)
{
TotalSize += entry.value.Length;
}
}
// area for pointer to next IFD section.
TotalSize += 4;
var ComposedData = new byte[TotalSize];
// set data of entry num.
var EntryNum = Util.ToByte(count, 2, MetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(EntryNum, ComposedData, EntryNum.Length);
// set Next IFD pointer
var ifdPointerValue = Util.ToByte(ifd.NextIfdPointer, 4, MetadataEndian);
// Debug.WriteLine("Nexf IFD: " + ifd.NextIfdPointer.ToString("X"));
Array.Copy(ifdPointerValue, 0, ComposedData, 2 + 12 * (int)count, 4);
// TIFF header, number of entry, each entries, Nexf IFD pointer.
var ExtraDataSectionOffset = (UInt32)(2 + 12 * (int)count + 4);
// Debug.WriteLine("ExtraDataSectionOffset: " + ExtraDataSectionOffset.ToString("X"));
// Debug.WriteLine("ifd.offset: " + ifd.Offset.ToString("X"));
var keys = data.Keys.ToArray<UInt32>();
Array.Sort(keys);
int pointer = 2;
foreach (UInt32 key in keys)
{
// tag in 2 bytes.
var tag = Util.ToByte(data[key].Tag, 2, MetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(tag, 0, ComposedData, pointer, 2);
pointer += 2;
// Debug.WriteLine("Tag: " + data[key].Tag.ToString("X"));
// type
var type = Util.ToByte(Util.ToUInt32(data[key].Type), 2, MetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(type, 0, ComposedData, pointer, 2);
pointer += 2;
// count
var c = Util.ToByte(data[key].Count, 4, MetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(c, 0, ComposedData, pointer, 4);
pointer += 4;
if (data[key].value.Length <= 4)
{
// upto 4 bytes, copy value directly.
Array.Copy(data[key].value, 0, ComposedData, pointer, data[key].value.Length);
}
else
{
// save actual data to extra area
Array.Copy(data[key].value, 0, ComposedData, (int)ExtraDataSectionOffset, data[key].value.Length);
// store pointer for extra area. Origin of pointer should be position of TIFF header.
var offset = Util.ToByte(ExtraDataSectionOffset + ifd.Offset, 4, MetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(offset, 0, ComposedData, pointer, 4);
// Util.DumpFirst16byte(offset);
// Util.DumpByteArray(ComposedData, pointer, 4);
ExtraDataSectionOffset += (UInt32)data[key].value.Length;
}
pointer += 4;
}
// Util.DumpByteArrayAll(ComposedData);
return ComposedData;
}
/// <summary>
/// Parse IFD section of Jpeg's header.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="App1Data">Raw data of App1 section</param>
/// <param name="IfdOffset">Offset to the target IFD section from start of App1 data.</param>
/// <param name="IfdSectionEndian">Alignment of all sections of this IFD data. This value is contained in TIFF header.</param>
/// <returns>All entries in given IFD section.</returns>
public static IfdData ParseIfd(byte[] App1Data, UInt32 IfdOffset, Definitions.Endian IfdSectionEndian)
{
var ifd = new IfdData();
ifd.Offset = IfdOffset;
var entries = new Dictionary<UInt32, Entry>();
var EntryNum = Util.GetUIntValue(App1Data, (int)IfdOffset, 2, IfdSectionEndian);
// Debug.WriteLine("Entry num: " + EntryNum);
ifd.NextIfdPointer = Util.GetUIntValue(App1Data, (int)IfdOffset + 2 + (int)EntryNum * ENTRY_SIZE, 4, IfdSectionEndian);
// if there's no extra data area, (if all data is 4 bytes or less), this is length of this IFD section.
ifd.Length = 2 + EntryNum * ENTRY_SIZE + 4; // entry num (2 bytes), each entries (12 bytes each), Next IFD pointer (4 byte)
for (int i = 0; i < EntryNum; i++)
{
// Debug.WriteLine("--- Entry[" + i + "] ---");
var EntryOrigin = (int)IfdOffset + 2 + i * ENTRY_SIZE;
var entry = new Entry();
// tag
entry.Tag = Util.GetUIntValue(App1Data, EntryOrigin, 2, IfdSectionEndian);
var tagTypeName = "Unknown";
if (Util.TagNames.ContainsKey(entry.Tag))
{
tagTypeName = Util.TagNames[entry.Tag];
}
// Debug.WriteLine("Tag: " + entry.Tag.ToString("X") + " " + tagTypeName);
// type
var typeValue = Util.GetUIntValue(App1Data, EntryOrigin + 2, 2, IfdSectionEndian);
entry.Type = Util.ToEntryType(typeValue);
// Debug.WriteLine("Type: " + entry.Type.ToString());
// count
entry.Count = Util.GetUIntValue(App1Data, EntryOrigin + 4, 4, IfdSectionEndian);
// Debug.WriteLine("Count: " + entry.Count);
var valueSize = 0;
valueSize = Util.FindDataSize(entry.Type);
var TotalValueSize = valueSize * (int)entry.Count;
// Debug.WriteLine("Total value size: " + TotalValueSize);
var valueBuff = new byte[TotalValueSize];
if (TotalValueSize <= 4)
{
// in this case, the value is stored directly here.
Array.Copy(App1Data, EntryOrigin + 8, valueBuff, 0, TotalValueSize);
}
else
{
// other cases, actual value is stored in separated area
var EntryValuePointer = (int)Util.GetUIntValue(App1Data, EntryOrigin + 8, 4, IfdSectionEndian);
// Debug.WriteLine("Entry pointer: " + EntryValuePointer.ToString("X"));
Array.Copy(App1Data, EntryValuePointer, valueBuff, 0, TotalValueSize);
// If there's extra data, its length should be added to total length.
ifd.Length += (UInt32)TotalValueSize;
}
if (IfdSectionEndian != Entry.InternalEndian)
{
// to change endian, each sections should be reversed.
var ReversedValue = new byte[valueBuff.Length];
var valueLength = Util.FindDataSize(entry.Type);
if (valueLength == 8)
{
// for fraction value, each value should be reversed individually
valueLength = 4;
}
var valueNum = valueBuff.Length / valueLength;
for (int j = 0; j < valueNum; j++)
{
var tempValue = new byte[valueLength];
Array.Copy(valueBuff, j * valueLength, tempValue, 0, valueLength);
Array.Reverse(tempValue);
Array.Copy(tempValue, 0, ReversedValue, j * valueLength, valueLength);
}
entry.value = ReversedValue;
}
else
{
// if internal endian and target metadata's one is same, no need to reverse.
entry.value = valueBuff;
}
switch (entry.Type)
{
case Entry.EntryType.Ascii:
// Debug.WriteLine("value: " + entry.StringValue + Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine);
// Debug.WriteLine(" ");
break;
case Entry.EntryType.Byte:
case Entry.EntryType.Undefined:
if (entry.Tag == 0x927C)
{
// Debug.WriteLine("Maker note is too long to print.");
}
else
{
foreach (int val in entry.UIntValues)
{
// Debug.WriteLine("value: " + val.ToString("X"));
}
}
break;
case Entry.EntryType.Short:
case Entry.EntryType.SShort:
case Entry.EntryType.Long:
case Entry.EntryType.SLong:
// Util.DumpByteArrayAll(entry.value);
foreach (int val in entry.UIntValues)
{
// Debug.WriteLine("value: " + val);
}
break;
case Entry.EntryType.Rational:
case Entry.EntryType.SRational:
// Util.DumpByteArrayAll(entry.value);
foreach (double val in entry.DoubleValues)
{
// Debug.WriteLine("value: " + val);
}
break;
default:
break;
}
entries[entry.Tag] = entry;
}
ifd.Entries = entries;
return ifd;
}
/// <summary>
/// Create app1 data section in byte array.
/// Needs many informations....
/// </summary>
/// <param name="OriginalMetaData">metadata from original image.</param>
/// <param name="NewMetaData">metadata which will be recorded in app1 data section</param>
/// <param name="OriginalApp1Data">Original app1 data. Other than Exif meta data will be copied to new one</param>
/// <param name="OutputImageMetadataEndian">Endian which will be used in Exif meta data. for WP OS, Big endian is recommended.</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static byte[] CreateApp1Data(JpegMetaData OriginalMetaData, JpegMetaData NewMetaData, byte[] OriginalApp1Data, Definitions.Endian OutputImageMetadataEndian)
{
if (NewMetaData.ExifIfd != null && !NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.ContainsKey(Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG))
{
// Add Exif IFD section's pointer entry as dummy.
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.Add(
Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG,
new Entry()
{
Tag = Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG,
Type = Entry.EntryType.Long,
Count = 1,
value = new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
});
}
if (NewMetaData.GpsIfd != null && !NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.ContainsKey(Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG))
{
// Add GPS IFD section's pointer entry as dummy
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.Add(
Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG,
new Entry()
{
Tag = Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG,
Type = Entry.EntryType.Long,
Count = 1,
value = new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, 0 }
});
}
byte[] primaryIfd = IfdComposer.ComposeIfdsection(NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
byte[] exifIfd = new byte[] { };
byte[] gpsIfd = new byte[] { };
if (NewMetaData.ExifIfd != null)
{
exifIfd = IfdComposer.ComposeIfdsection(NewMetaData.ExifIfd, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
}
if (NewMetaData.GpsIfd != null)
{
gpsIfd = IfdComposer.ComposeIfdsection(NewMetaData.GpsIfd, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
}
// Debug.WriteLine("Size fixed. Primary: " + primaryIfd.Length.ToString("X") + " exif: " + exifIfd.Length.ToString("X") + " gps: " + gpsIfd.Length.ToString("X"));
// after size fixed, set each IFD sections' offset.
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Offset = 8; // fixed value
// now it's possible to calcurate pointer to Exif/GPS IFD
var exifIfdPointer = 8 + primaryIfd.Length;
var gpsIfdPointer = 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length;
if (NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.ContainsKey(Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG))
{
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.Remove(Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG);
}
var exifIfdPointerEntry = new Entry()
{
Tag = Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG,
Type = Entry.EntryType.Long,
Count = 1,
};
exifIfdPointerEntry.UIntValues = new UInt32[] { (UInt32)exifIfdPointer };
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.Add(Definitions.EXIF_IFD_POINTER_TAG, exifIfdPointerEntry);
if (NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.ContainsKey(Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG))
{
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.Remove(Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG);
}
var gpsIfdPointerEntry = new Entry()
{
Tag = Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG,
Type = Entry.EntryType.Long,
Count = 1,
};
gpsIfdPointerEntry.UIntValues = new UInt32[] { (UInt32)gpsIfdPointer };
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.Entries.Add(Definitions.GPS_IFD_POINTER_TAG, gpsIfdPointerEntry);
var nextIfdPointer = 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length + gpsIfd.Length;
NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd.NextIfdPointer = (UInt32)nextIfdPointer;
// finally, create byte array again
primaryIfd = IfdComposer.ComposeIfdsection(NewMetaData.PrimaryIfd, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
if (NewMetaData.ExifIfd != null)
{
NewMetaData.ExifIfd.Offset = 8 + (UInt32)primaryIfd.Length;
exifIfd = IfdComposer.ComposeIfdsection(NewMetaData.ExifIfd, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
}
if (NewMetaData.GpsIfd != null)
{
NewMetaData.GpsIfd.Offset = 8 + (UInt32)primaryIfd.Length + (UInt32)exifIfd.Length;
gpsIfd = IfdComposer.ComposeIfdsection(NewMetaData.GpsIfd, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
}
// 1st IFD data (after primary IFD data) should be kept
var Original1stIfdData = new byte[OriginalApp1Data.Length - OriginalMetaData.PrimaryIfd.NextIfdPointer];
Array.Copy(OriginalApp1Data, (int)OriginalMetaData.PrimaryIfd.NextIfdPointer, Original1stIfdData, 0, Original1stIfdData.Length);
// Build App1 section. From "Exif\0\0" to end of thumbnail data (1st IFD)
// Exif00 + TIFF header + 3 IFD sections (Primary, Exif, GPS) + 1st IFD data from original data
// new app1 size may overfrow from 0xFFFF bytes. in this case, it should be limited up to 0xFFFF byte.
var NewApp1DataSize = Math.Min(0xFFFF, 6 + 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length + gpsIfd.Length + Original1stIfdData.Length);
var NewApp1DataOverflowSize = 0;
if (NewApp1DataSize == 0xFFFF)
{
NewApp1DataOverflowSize = (6 + 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length + gpsIfd.Length + Original1stIfdData.Length) - 0xFFFF;
Debug.WriteLine("App1 overflow size: " + NewApp1DataOverflowSize);
}
var NewApp1Data = new byte[NewApp1DataSize];
// var NewApp1Data = new byte[6 + 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length + gpsIfd.Length];
// Debug.WriteLine("New App1 size: " + NewApp1Data.Length.ToString("X"));
// Array.Copy(OriginalApp1Data, 0, NewApp1Data, 0, 6 + 8);
Array.Copy(OriginalApp1Data, 0, NewApp1Data, 0, 6); // only EXIF00 should be copied.
var endianSection = Util.ToByte(0x4d4d, 2, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(endianSection, 0, NewApp1Data, 6, 2);
var magicNumber = Util.ToByte(0x002A, 2, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(magicNumber, 0, NewApp1Data, 8, 2);
var primaryIfdOffset = Util.ToByte(8, 4, OutputImageMetadataEndian);
Array.Copy(primaryIfdOffset, 0, NewApp1Data, 10, 4);
Array.Copy(primaryIfd, 0, NewApp1Data, 6 + 8, primaryIfd.Length);
Array.Copy(exifIfd, 0, NewApp1Data, 6 + 8 + primaryIfd.Length, exifIfd.Length);
Array.Copy(gpsIfd, 0, NewApp1Data, 6 + 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length, gpsIfd.Length);
Array.Copy(Original1stIfdData, 0, NewApp1Data, 6 + 8 + primaryIfd.Length + exifIfd.Length + gpsIfd.Length, Original1stIfdData.Length - NewApp1DataOverflowSize);
return NewApp1Data;
}
public static byte[] ToByte(SignedFraction value, Definitions.Endian endian)
{
var ret = new byte[8];
Array.Copy(Util.ToByte(value.Numerator, 4, endian), 0, ret, 0, 4);
Array.Copy(Util.ToByte(value.Denominator, 4, endian), 0, ret, 4, 4);
return ret;
}
public static byte[] ToByte(Int32 value, int length, Definitions.Endian endian)
{
if (length < 1 || length > 4)
{
throw new InvalidCastException();
}
var max = (Int64)(Math.Pow(2, (length * 8)) / 2 - 1);
var min = -(max + 1);
if (value > max)
{
throw new OverflowException();
}
else if (value < min)
{
throw new InvalidCastException();
}
var ByteValue = new byte[length];
if (value < 0)
{
ByteValue = ToByte((UInt32)(-value), length, endian);
for (int i = 0; i < ByteValue.Length; i++)
{
ByteValue[i] = (byte)~(ByteValue[i]);
}
UInt32 temp = Util.GetUIntValue(ByteValue, 0, length, endian) + 1;
ByteValue = Util.ToByte(temp, length, endian);
}
else
{
ByteValue = ToByte((UInt32)value, length, endian);
}
return ByteValue;
}
public static byte[] ToByte(UInt32 value, int length, Definitions.Endian endian)
{
if (length > 4 || length <= 0)
{
throw new InvalidCastException();
}
var ret = new byte[length];
if (endian == Definitions.Endian.Little)
{
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
ret[i] = (byte)(value & 0xFF);
value = value >> 8;
}
}
else
{
for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
ret[i] = (byte)(value & 0xFF);
value = value >> 8;
// Debug.WriteLine("byte: " + ret[i].ToString("X"));
}
}
// after conversion, remaining value must be 0.
if (value > 0)
{
throw new OverflowException();
}
return ret;
}
public static UInt32 GetUIntValue(byte[] data, int address, int length, Definitions.Endian endian)
{
// if bigger than 4 bytes, can't set to int type.
if (length > 4 || length <= 0)
{
throw new InvalidCastException("Uint32 type can't store more than 4 bytes");
}
UInt32 value = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
// Debug.WriteLine(data[address + i].ToString("X"));
if (endian == Definitions.Endian.Little)
{
value += (UInt32)data[address + i] << (i * 8);
}
else
{
value += (UInt32)data[address + i] << ((length - 1 - i) * 8);
}
}
// Debug.WriteLine("Return " + value.ToString("X"));
return value;
}
public static Int32 GetSIntValue(byte[] data, int address, int length, Definitions.Endian endian)
{
// if bigger than 4 bytes, can't set to int type.
if (length > 4)
{
throw new InvalidCastException("Uint32 type can't store more than 4 bytes");
}
if (length < 1)
{
throw new InvalidCastException();
}
if (address >= data.Length)
{
throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
}
Int32 value = 0;
bool IsNegative = false;
var TempValue = new byte[length];
Array.Copy(data, address, TempValue, 0, length);
// if highest bit is set, it's negative value.
if (endian == Definitions.Endian.Big)
{
if ((TempValue[0] & 0x80) == 0x80)
{
IsNegative = true;
}
// Debug.WriteLine("negative number: " + TempValue[length - 1]);
}
else
{
if ((TempValue[length - 1] & 0x80) == 0x80)
{
IsNegative = true;
// Debug.WriteLine("negative number: " + TempValue[length - 1]);
}
}
if (IsNegative)
{
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
TempValue[i] = (byte)~TempValue[i];
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
// Debug.WriteLine(data[address + i].ToString("X"));
if (endian == Definitions.Endian.Little)
{
value += (Int32)TempValue[i] << (i * 8);
// Debug.WriteLine("value: " + value);
}
else
{
value += (Int32)TempValue[i] << ((length - 1 - i) * 8);
}
}
// Debug.WriteLine("Return " + value.ToString("X"));
if (IsNegative)
{
value += 1;
value = -value;
}
return value;
}