Ejemplo n.º 1
0
        public PersonForClone DeepCopy()
        {
            PersonForClone other = (PersonForClone)this.MemberwiseClone();

            other.IdInfo = new IdInfo(IdInfo.IdNumber);
            other.Name   = String.Copy(Name);
            return(other);
        }
Ejemplo n.º 2
0
#pragma warning disable
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Action <object> write = Console.WriteLine;

            write("");
            #region For C# classes and Struct
#if false
            /*Instantiating a object*/
            ClassesIntroduction person = new ClassesIntroduction();
            /*Accessing the fields of a class */
            person.FirstName = "Zahid";
            person.LastName  = "Farook";
            write((person.FirstName, person.LastName));

            ClassesIntroduction person1 = new ClassesIntroduction();
            /*Accessing the fields of a class */
            person1.FirstName = "John";
            person1.LastName  = "Doe";
            write(person1.LastName);
            write("");

            /*Get the constant filed from cLASS*/
            var personMode = ClassesIntroduction.LearningMode;

            PersonPhone pNumber1 = new PersonPhone(12453, "Belgium");
            write(PersonPhone.test(pNumber1));
            write("");

            PersonPhone2 pNumber2 = new PersonPhone2();
            var          country  = pNumber2._country = "NL";
            var          pnum     = pNumber2._phoneNumber = 123;
            /*Get the constant filed from STRUCT*/
            var lMode = PersonPhone2.LearningMode;
            var res   = PersonPhone2.CountryAndPhone(country, pnum, lMode);

            /*Makes the static constructor execute */
            ClassWithReadOnlyFields.getTheReadOnlyField();

            /*This calls the constructor with one parameter*/
            ClassWithReadOnlyFields classWithReadOnlyFields = new ClassWithReadOnlyFields(500);
            /*printing the value of the assignment above*/
            ClassWithReadOnlyFields.TheReadOnlyFieldDefinedTroughConstructor(classWithReadOnlyFields);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For working with C Sharp class properties
#if false
            Properties myP = new Properties();
            myP.PlaneName    = "PIA";
            myP.TicketPrice  = 120;
            myP.PlaneName2   = "KLM";
            myP.TicketPrice2 = 110;
            /*print trough getter what is assigned*/
            var res  = myP.PlaneName;
            var res2 = myP.PlaneName2;

            var exBodiedP = new ExpressionBodiedProps();
            exBodiedP.X = 4;
            exBodiedP.Y = 4;
            write(("Expression bodied props: ", exBodiedP.X, exBodiedP.Y));

            var autoImProp = new AutoImplimentedProps();
            autoImProp.Name  = "Zahid";
            autoImProp.LName = "Farook";
            write(autoImProp.Name);
            /*get the value of property initializer */
            write(autoImProp.AuotPropInitializer);

            PropertyAccessLevel          x            = new PropertyAccessLevel(12);
            MakeReadOnlyOmitingTheSetter makeReadOnly = new MakeReadOnlyOmitingTheSetter("Good day");
            write(makeReadOnly.J);
            ExplicitReadOnlyPropTroughConstructor explicitReadOnlyProp = new ExplicitReadOnlyPropTroughConstructor(45);
            //explicitReadOnlyProp.ID = 12; /*This will give an error since the prop is made read only*/

            Person person = new Person("Zahid", "FARook");
            // person.FirstName = ""; /*You can't do that since you are working with read only fields and they can only be assigned trough constructor*/
            write(person.FullName);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Anonymous types
#if false
            var john = new
            {
                Age    = 68,
                height = 4.5,
                weight = 50
            };
            //john.Age = 65; /*Note here the value cannot be assigned since the anonymous types are read only */
            write(john.Age);

            //making an anonymous type using the props of an already existing object
            AnonymousTypesAndMethods singer = new AnonymousTypesAndMethods();
            var dName = "A";
            singer.FName = dName;

            var dancer = new
            {
                /*Note here the value cannot be assigned since the anonymous types are read only */
                singer.FName,
                singer.MName,
                singer.LName,
            };
            write(dancer.FName);
            var m1 = new WorkingWithMethod();
            m1.MethodOne(m1);
            m1.ExpressionBodiedMethod(m1, 10);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# method overloading and invocation
#if false
            MethodOverloding.MLoadingOne();
            MethodOverloding.MLoadingTwo(1);
            MethodOverloding.MLoadingThree(12, 23);

            /*This will be assigned as the parameters are defined in the function so: l= 2 m12*/
            MethodOverloding.MForNamedArgInvocation(2, 12);

            /*This will be HOWEVER ALSO ASSIGNED AS THE PARAMETERS are defined in the function
             * so regardless the order given here: m: 2, l: 12*/
            MethodOverloding.MForNamedArgInvocation(m: 2, l: 12);

            /*non-trailing named arguments are only allowed when the name and the position
             * result in finding the same corresponding parameter.In other words if we omit the name of some parameters then
             * the ORDER IN THE INVOCATION MUST MATCH WITH THAT OF ORIGINAL FOUND IN THE DEFINITION of the method */
            MethodOverloding.MForNamedArgInvocation(l: 32, 113);

            MethodOverloding.MWithOptionalParameter(2, 3);
            MethodOverloding.MWithOptionalParameter(4);

            /*The best time to use the NAMED ARGUMENT is when the optional are being passed*/
            MethodOverloding.MWihtMultipleOptionalParams(w: 12, q: 8);
            MethodOverloding.MUsingOptinalPatametersWithKeyWord(8, 9, 10, "TEst");
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Constructors
#if false
            var con = new ClassForConstructorPurpose(50);
            write(con.Number);
            ClassWithPrivateConstructor.Name("The initialization with private constructor");

            var ConInitializer = new ClassForConstructerInitializer("Proton Persona");
            var res            = ConInitializer.TestConInitializer();

            /*Remember!, static constructor does not have any access modifiers and It’s never called explicitly*/
            write(ClassWithStaticConstructor.MyProperty);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Struct
#if false
            var sc = new School("Hr", "Rotterdam");
            sc.GetSchoolAndCity();
            /*To avoid some performance issue we can use the REF keyword when passing an struct to an function*/
            sc.GetSchoolAndCity(ref sc);
            ReadOnlyStruct rds = new ReadOnlyStruct(true, true);
            rds.CanWeUndoTheRain();
            ExampleTypeRefStruct refStruct = new ExampleTypeRefStruct(12);
            refStruct.TheBarkingDog();
            write(refStruct.MyProperty);
            sc = refStruct;/*this cannot be done since refStruct lives on stack and this assignment is on the heap*/
            refStruct.ToString(); this cannot be done either
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# PASSING PARAMETERS BY VALUE AND BY REFERENCE
#if false
            ValueType vType = new ValueType {
                ThePropToBeNotChanged = 1
            };
            var res = vType.MethodWithValTypeRef(vType);
            /*Check if the property got the value changed*/
            if (vType.ThePropToBeNotChanged == res)
            {
                write("Yes, the prop was changed!");
            }
            else
            {
                write("No, the vType.ThePropToBeNotChanged wasn't changed");
            }

            /*Using the ref keyword within struct type*/
            ValueType2 vType2 = new ValueType2 {
                ThePropToBeNotChanged = 1
            };
            var res2 = vType2.MethodWithValTypeRef(ref vType2);
            /*Check if the property got the value changed*/
            if (vType2.ThePropToBeNotChanged == res2)
            {
                write("Yes, the prop was changed *even* it was a value type! You got thank to the REF KEWORD");
            }
            else
            {
                write("No, the vType.ThePropToBeNotChanged wasn't changed");
            }

            RefType refType = new RefType {
                ThePropToBeNotChanged = 11
            };
            var res3 = refType.MethodWithValTypeRef(refType);
            /*Check if the property got the value changed*/
            if (refType.ThePropToBeNotChanged == res)
            {
                write("Yes, the refType.ThePropToBeNotChanged was changed!");
            }
            else
            {
                write("No, the ThePropToBeNotChanged wasn't changed");
            }

            /*Without ref keyword, when not careful the can be data loss. The garbage collection in this case*/
            var refWithinClass = new UsingRefKeyWordWithClass {
                X = "The initial value is: 1"
            };
            UsingRefKeyWordWithClass.ChangeA(refWithinClass);
            write(refWithinClass.X);

            /*Using REF keyword within class type TO AVOID the garbage collection in this case*/
            var refWithinClass2 = new UsingRefKeyWordWithClass2 {
                X = "The initial value is: 1"
            };
            UsingRefKeyWordWithClass2.ChangeA(ref refWithinClass2); /*Note the use of ref*/
            write(refWithinClass2.X);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Out keyword
#if false
            /*This will not do the work if the use will pass a string instead of int*/
            //ClassForOutParameters.GetInputFromConsoleAndHandelNoException();
            //ClassForOutParameters.GetInputAndHandelExceptionWithOut();
            //var theUserInput = Console.ReadLine();
            //ClassForOutParameters.OutKewWordAdvancedUse(theUserInput);
            var ri = ClassForOutParameters.Divide(10, 3, out int kk);
            Console.WriteLine(ri);
            Console.WriteLine(kk);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# in Parameter
#if false
            var xForInParameter = new StructForInParameterTesting();
            /*This is being allowed because we are not use the in keyword yet!*/
            xForInParameter.MutableField = 12;
            StructForInParameterTesting.TestMethodForInPara(xForInParameter);

            var xForInParameter2 = new ClassForInParameterTesting();
            xForInParameter2.MyProperty = 1;
            ClassForInParameterTesting.TestMethodForInPara2(xForInParameter2);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# null able types
#if false
            int b  = 3;
            int?v  = null;
            int h  = v.HasValue ? v.Value + b : b - 1;
            int h1 = v ?? b - 1;/*using null coalescing*/
            if (v != null)
            {
                write($"V was:{(v ?? v.Value)}");
            }
            else
            {
                write($"V was: NULL so the left side is evaluated: b - 1 ={b - 1} ");
            }

            string?l = null;
            string j = (string)l ?? "";/*Null coalescing: If l != null than the value else the empty string*/

            int x1 = 1;
            int?x2 = null;
            int?x3 = x2;
            int x4 = x3 ?? 0;
            int x5 = x3.HasValue ? x3.Value : -1;
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Enum Type
#if false
            KFCProduct chick = KFCProduct.chicken;

            KFCProduct i = (KFCProduct)0; /*Cast a NUMBER to an ENUMERATION value. */
            Console.WriteLine(i);         /*The i will print the first named constants: chicken*/

            int j = (int)chick;           /*Cast a ENUMERATION  to an NUMBER value*/
            Console.WriteLine(j);         /*The j will print the value of the first named constants: chicken*/
            DaysOfWeek Di = (DaysOfWeek)3;
            Console.WriteLine(Di);

            KFCProduct enumMemberChicken;
            if (Enum.TryParse <KFCProduct>("chicken", out enumMemberChicken))
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"successfully parse enumMemberChicken: {enumMemberChicken}");
            }
            /*Prints all the names of constants*/
            foreach (string itmes in Enum.GetNames(typeof(KFCProduct)))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\n" + itmes);
            }

            /*Prints all the value (indexes) of constants*/
            foreach (int itmes in Enum.GetValues(typeof(KFCProduct)))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\n" + itmes);
            }

            Console.WriteLine(
                "All possible combinations of values with FlagsAttribute:");
            for (int val = 0; val <= 16; val++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0,5} - {1}", val, (SingleHue)val);
            }
#if false
            foreach (int val in Enum.GetValues(typeof(DaysOfWeek)))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(val + ": " + (DayOfWeek)val);
            }
            var myEnumMemberCount = Enum.GetNames(typeof(DaysOfWeek)).Length;
            Console.WriteLine(myEnumMemberCount);

            DaysOfWeek mondayAndWednesday = DaysOfWeek.Monday | DaysOfWeek.Wednesday;
            Console.WriteLine(mondayAndWednesday);

            DaysOfWeek meetingDays = DaysOfWeek.Monday & DaysOfWeek.Sunday;
            Console.WriteLine(meetingDays);

            DaysOfWeek workingFromHomeDays = DaysOfWeek.Monday | DaysOfWeek.Weekend;
            Console.WriteLine(workingFromHomeDays);

            Console.WriteLine($"Join a meeting by phone on {meetingDays & workingFromHomeDays}");

            bool isMeetingOnTuesday = (meetingDays & DaysOfWeek.Sunday) == DaysOfWeek.Monday;
            Console.WriteLine($"Is there a meeting on Tuesday: {isMeetingOnTuesday}");
#endif
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Partial use within classes
#if false
            ClassWithPartialKeyWord classWithPar = new ClassWithPartialKeyWord();
            classWithPar.MethodOne();
            classWithPar.MethodTwo();
            ClassWithPartialFuncion.HelperForPartialMCall();
            csharp.disp();
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# Extension methods
#if false
            /*The following two lines are equals */
            10.TheExtensionMethPowerOf();
            ExtensionMethodsClass.TheExtensionMethPowerOf(10);
#endif
            #endregion

            #region For C# The object class's methods
#if true
            var t = new ClassForConstructorPurpose(12);
            Console.WriteLine(t.Number.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine(t.GetHashCode());
            var t1 = new ClassForConstructorPurpose(11);
            Console.WriteLine(t.Equals(t));
            Console.WriteLine(t.Equals(t1));
            var cForFinalize = new ClassForFinalizer();
            cForFinalize.ShowDuration();
            Console.WriteLine(t.GetType());

            // Create an instance of Person and assign values to its fields.
            PersonForClone p1 = new PersonForClone();
            p1.Age    = 42;
            p1.Name   = "Sam";
            p1.IdInfo = new IdInfo(6565);
            // Perform a shallow copy of p1 and assign it to p2.
            //PersonForClone p2 = p1.DeepCopy();
            PersonForClone p2 = p1.ShallowCopy();
            // Display values of p1, p2
            Console.WriteLine("Original values of p1 and p2:");
            Console.WriteLine("\n   p1 instance values: ");
            DisplayValues(p1);
            Console.WriteLine("\n   p2 instance values:");
            DisplayValues(p2);
Ejemplo n.º 3
0
 static void DisplayValues(PersonForClone p)
 {
     Console.WriteLine("      Name: {0:s}, Age: {1:d}", p.Name, p.Age);
     Console.WriteLine("      Value: {0:d}", p.IdInfo.IdNumber);
 }