public static void IEnumerable_Testing <TStack>()
where TStack : IStack <int>, new()
{
{ // push only
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IStack <int> stack = new TStack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
#pragma warning disable CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(stack) == values.Length);
#pragma warning restore CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in stack)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // push + pop
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
int[] expectedValues = { 0, 1, 2, 3, };
IStack <int> stack = new TStack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
stack.Pop();
stack.Pop();
#pragma warning disable CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(stack) == expectedValues.Length);
#pragma warning restore CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
expectedValues.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in stack)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // push + pop
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IStack <int> stack = new TStack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
values.Stepper(i =>
{
stack.Pop();
stack.Push(i);
});
#pragma warning disable CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(stack) == values.Length);
#pragma warning restore CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in stack)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
}
public static void IEnumerable_Testing <TQueue>()
where TQueue : IQueue <int>, new()
{
{ // enqueue only
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new TQueue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
#pragma warning disable CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(queue) == values.Length);
#pragma warning restore CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in queue)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // enqueue + dequeue
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
int[] expectedValues = { 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new TQueue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
queue.Dequeue();
queue.Dequeue();
#pragma warning disable CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(queue) == expectedValues.Length);
#pragma warning restore CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
expectedValues.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in queue)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // enqueue + dequeue
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new TQueue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
values.Stepper(i =>
{
queue.Dequeue();
queue.Enqueue(i);
});
#pragma warning disable CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(queue) == values.Length);
#pragma warning restore CA1829 // Use Length/Count property instead of Count() when available
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in queue)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// This constructor is for cloning purposes.
/// <para>Runtime: O(n)</para>
/// </summary>
/// <param name="set">The set to clone.</param>
internal SetHashLinked(SetHashLinked <T> set)
{
_equate = set._equate;
_hash = set._hash;
_table = (Node[])set._table.Clone();
_count = set._count;
}
[Benchmark] public void SetHashLinked_AddCompileTime()
{
ISet <Person> set = new SetHashLinked <Person, EquatePerson, HashPerson>();
foreach (Person person in RandomTestData)
{
set.Add(person);
}
}
public static void IEnumerable_Testing <Stack>()
where Stack : IStack <int>, new()
{
{ // push only
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IStack <int> stack = new Stack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(stack) == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in stack)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // push + pop
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
int[] expectedValues = { 0, 1, 2, 3, };
IStack <int> stack = new Stack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
stack.Pop();
stack.Pop();
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(stack) == expectedValues.Length);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
expectedValues.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in stack)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
;
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // push + pop
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IStack <int> stack = new Stack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
values.Stepper(i =>
{
stack.Pop();
stack.Push(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(stack) == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in stack)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
;
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
}
public static void IEnumerable_Testing <Queue>()
where Queue : IQueue <int>, new()
{
{ // enqueue only
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new Queue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(queue) == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in queue)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // enqueue + dequeue
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
int[] expectedValues = { 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new Queue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
queue.Dequeue();
queue.Dequeue();
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(queue) == expectedValues.Length);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
expectedValues.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in queue)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
;
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // enqueue + dequeue
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new Queue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
values.Stepper(i =>
{
queue.Dequeue();
queue.Enqueue(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(System.Linq.Enumerable.Count(queue) == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
foreach (int i in queue)
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
}
;
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
}
public void Add()
{
ISet <int> addable = new SetHashLinked <int>();
int addCount = AddCount;
for (int i = 0; i < addCount; i++)
{
addable.Add(i);
}
}
public static void Stepper_Testing <TQueue>()
where TQueue : IQueue <int>, new()
{
{ // enqueue only
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new TQueue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
Assert.IsTrue(queue.Count == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
queue.Stepper(i =>
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // enqueue + dequeue
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
int[] expectedValues = { 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new TQueue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
queue.Dequeue();
queue.Dequeue();
Assert.IsTrue(queue.Count == expectedValues.Length);
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
expectedValues.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
queue.Stepper(i =>
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // enqueue + dequeue
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IQueue <int> queue = new TQueue();
values.Stepper(i => queue.Enqueue(i));
values.Stepper(i =>
{
queue.Dequeue();
queue.Enqueue(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(queue.Count == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
queue.Stepper(i =>
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
}
public void SetHashLinked_AddRunTime()
{
ISet <Person> set = SetHashLinked.New <Person>(
(a, b) => a.Id == b.Id,
x => x.Id.GetHashCode());
foreach (Person person in RandomTestData !)
{
set.Add(person);
}
}
public void Add()
{
ISet <Person> set = new SetHashLinked <Person>(
(a, b) => a.Id == b.Id,
x => x.Id.GetHashCode());
foreach (Person person in RandomTestData)
{
set.Add(person);
}
}
public static void Stepper_Testing <TStack>()
where TStack : IStack <int>, new()
{
{ // push only
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IStack <int> stack = new TStack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
Assert.IsTrue(stack.Count == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
stack.Stepper(i =>
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // push + pop
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
int[] expectedValues = { 0, 1, 2, 3, };
IStack <int> stack = new TStack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
stack.Pop();
stack.Pop();
Assert.IsTrue(stack.Count == expectedValues.Length);
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
expectedValues.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
stack.Stepper(i =>
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
{ // push + pop
int[] values = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, };
IStack <int> stack = new TStack();
values.Stepper(i => stack.Push(i));
values.Stepper(i =>
{
stack.Pop();
stack.Push(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(stack.Count == values.Length);
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
values.Stepper(i => set.Add(i));
stack.Stepper(i =>
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
set.Remove(i);
});
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 0);
}
}
public void Remove_Testing()
{
{ // int
const int count = 100000;
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
Iterate(count, i => set.Add(i));
for (int i = 0; i < count; i += 3)
{
set.Remove(i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
if (i % 3 == 0)
{
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(i));
}
else
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i));
}
}
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(-1));
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(count));
}
{ // string
const int count = 100000;
ISet <string> set = SetHashLinked.New <string>();
Iterate(count, i => set.Add(i.ToString()));
for (int i = 0; i < count; i += 3)
{
set.Remove(i.ToString());
}
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
if (i % 3 == 0)
{
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(i.ToString()));
}
else
{
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i.ToString()));
}
}
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains((-1).ToString()));
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(count.ToString()));
}
}
/// <summary>Determines if the data contains any duplicates.</summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">The generic type of the data.</typeparam>
/// <param name="stepper">The stepper function for the data.</param>
/// <param name="equate">An equality function for the data</param>
/// <param name="hash">A hashing function for the data.</param>
/// <returns>True if the data contains duplicates. False if not.</returns>
/// <remarks>Use the StepperBreak overload if possible. It is more effiecient.</remarks>
public static bool ContainsDuplicates <T>(this Stepper <T> stepper, Equate <T> equate, Hash <T> hash)
{
bool duplicateFound = false;
SetHashLinked <T> set = new SetHashLinked <T>(equate, hash);
stepper(x =>
{
if (set.Contains(x))
{
duplicateFound = true;
}
else
{
set.Add(x);
}
});
return(duplicateFound);
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Settings
//
// You can control what benchmarking is done by commenting out
// tags. A benchmark will only run if all its tags are enabled.
//
ISet <Tag> settings = new SetHashLinked <Tag>()
{
// Major Tags
Tag.Algorithms,
Tag.DataStructures,
Tag.Diagnostics,
Tag.Mathematics,
Tag.Measurements,
Tag.Parallels,
// Data Structure Tags
Tag.Link, // aka Tuple
Tag.Indexed, // aka Array
Tag.Addable, // aka List
Tag.FirstInLastout, // aka Stack
Tag.FirstInFirstOut, // aka Queue
Tag.Heap,
Tag.AvlTree,
Tag.RedBlackTree,
Tag.BTree,
Tag.SkipList,
Tag.Set,
Tag.Map, // aka Dictionary
Tag.KdTree,
Tag.Omnitree,
};
foreach (Type type in Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetTypes())
{
BenchmarksAttribute attribute = type.GetCustomAttribute <BenchmarksAttribute>();
if (!(attribute is null))
{
var summary = BenchmarkRunner.Run <Program>();
}
}
}
public void Add_Testing()
{
{ // int
const int count = 100000;
ISet <int> set = SetHashLinked.New <int>();
Iterate(count, i => set.Add(i));
set.Add(int.MinValue);
set.Add(int.MaxValue);
Iterate(count, i => Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i)));
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(int.MinValue));
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(int.MaxValue));
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(-1));
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(count));
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => set.Add(0));
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => set.Add(int.MinValue));
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => set.Add(int.MaxValue));
}
{ // string
const int count = 100000;
ISet <string> set = SetHashLinked.New <string>();
Iterate(count, i => set.Add(i.ToString()));
set.Add(int.MinValue.ToString());
set.Add(int.MaxValue.ToString());
Iterate(count, i => Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(i.ToString())));
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(int.MinValue.ToString()));
Assert.IsTrue(set.Contains(int.MaxValue.ToString()));
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains((-1).ToString()));
Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(count.ToString()));
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => set.Add(0.ToString()));
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => set.Add(int.MinValue.ToString()));
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => set.Add(int.MaxValue.ToString()));
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Random random = new Random();
int test = 10;
Console.WriteLine("You are runnning the Data Structures example.");
Console.WriteLine("======================================================");
Console.WriteLine();
#region Link (aka Tuple)
Console.WriteLine(" Link------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A \"Link\" is like a System.Tuple that implements");
Console.WriteLine(" Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure. A Link/Tuple is");
Console.WriteLine(" used when you have a small, known-sized set of objects");
Console.WriteLine(" that you want to bundle together without making a custom");
Console.WriteLine(" custom class.");
Console.WriteLine();
Link link = new Link <int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
link.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Size: " + link.Size);
Console.WriteLine();
#endregion
#region Indexed (aka Array)
Console.WriteLine(" Indexed---------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An \"Indexed\" is just a wrapper for arrays that implements");
Console.WriteLine(" Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure. An array is used when");
Console.WriteLine(" dealing with static-sized, known-sized sets of data. Arrays");
Console.WriteLine(" can be sorted along 1 dimensions for binary searching algorithms.");
Console.WriteLine();
IIndexed <int> indexed = new IndexedArray <int>(test);
Console.Write(" Filling in (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
indexed[i] = i;
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
indexed.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Length: " + indexed.Length);
Console.WriteLine();
#endregion
#region Addable (aka List)
Console.WriteLine(" Addable---------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An \"Addable\" is like an IList that implements");
Console.WriteLine(" Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure. \"AddableArray\" is");
Console.WriteLine(" the array implementation while \"AddableLinked\" is the");
Console.WriteLine(" the linked-list implementation. An Addable/List is used");
Console.WriteLine(" when dealing with an unknown quantity of data that you");
Console.WriteLine(" will likely have to enumerate/step through everything. The");
Console.WriteLine(" AddableArray shares the properties of an Indexed/Array in");
Console.WriteLine(" that it can be relateively quickly sorted along 1 dimensions");
Console.WriteLine(" for binary search algorithms.");
Console.WriteLine();
// AddableArray ---------------------------------------
IAddable <int> addableArray = new AddableArray <int>(test);
Console.Write(" [AddableArray] Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
addableArray.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" [AddableArray] Traversal: ");
addableArray.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [AddableArray] Count: " + addableArray.Count);
addableArray.Clear(); // Clears the addable
Console.WriteLine();
// AddableLinked ---------------------------------------
IAddable <int> addableLinked = new AddableLinked <int>();
Console.Write(" [AddableLinked] Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
addableLinked.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" [AddableLinked] Traversal: ");
addableLinked.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [AddableLinked] Count: " + addableLinked.Count);
addableLinked.Clear(); // Clears the addable
Console.WriteLine();
#endregion
#region FirstInLastOut (aka stack)
{
Console.WriteLine(" FirstInLastOut---------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An \"FirstInLastOut\" is a Stack that implements");
Console.WriteLine(" Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure. \"FirstInLastOutArray\" is");
Console.WriteLine(" the array implementation while \"FirstInLastOutLinked\" is the");
Console.WriteLine(" the linked-list implementation. A FirstInLastOut/Stack is used");
Console.WriteLine(" specifically when you need the algorithm provided by the Push");
Console.WriteLine(" and Pop functions.");
Console.WriteLine();
IFirstInLastOut <int> firstInLastOutArray = new FirstInLastOutArray <int>();
Console.Write(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Pushing (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
firstInLastOutArray.Push(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Traversal: ");
firstInLastOutArray.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Pop: " + firstInLastOutArray.Pop());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Pop: " + firstInLastOutArray.Pop());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Peek: " + firstInLastOutArray.Peek());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Pop: " + firstInLastOutArray.Pop());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutArray] Count: " + firstInLastOutArray.Count);
firstInLastOutArray.Clear(); // Clears the firstInLastOut
Console.WriteLine();
IFirstInLastOut <int> firstInLastOutLinked = new FirstInLastOutLinked <int>();
Console.Write(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Pushing (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
firstInLastOutLinked.Push(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Traversal: ");
firstInLastOutLinked.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Pop: " + firstInLastOutLinked.Pop());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Pop: " + firstInLastOutLinked.Pop());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Peek: " + firstInLastOutLinked.Peek());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Pop: " + firstInLastOutLinked.Pop());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInLastOutLinked] Count: " + firstInLastOutLinked.Count);
firstInLastOutLinked.Clear(); // Clears the firstInLastOut
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region FirstInFirstOut (aka Queue)
{
Console.WriteLine(" FirstInFirstOut---------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An \"FirstInFirstOut\" is a Queue that implements");
Console.WriteLine(" Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure. \"FirstInFirstOutArray\" is");
Console.WriteLine(" the array implementation while \"FirstInFirstOutLinked\" is the");
Console.WriteLine(" the linked-list implementation. A FirstInFirstOut/Stack is used");
Console.WriteLine(" specifically when you need the algorithm provided by the Queue");
Console.WriteLine(" and Dequeue functions.");
Console.WriteLine();
IFirstInFirstOut <int> firstInFirstOutArray = new FirstInFirstOutArray <int>();
Console.Write(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Enqueuing (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
firstInFirstOutArray.Enqueue(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Traversal: ");
firstInFirstOutArray.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Dequeue: " + firstInFirstOutArray.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Dequeue: " + firstInFirstOutArray.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Peek: " + firstInFirstOutArray.Peek());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Dequeue: " + firstInFirstOutArray.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutArray] Count: " + firstInFirstOutArray.Count);
firstInFirstOutArray.Clear(); // Clears the firstInLastOut
Console.WriteLine();
IFirstInFirstOut <int> firstInFirstOutLinked = new FirstInFirstOutLinked <int>();
Console.Write(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Enqueuing (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
firstInFirstOutLinked.Enqueue(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Traversal: ");
firstInFirstOutLinked.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Pop: " + firstInFirstOutLinked.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Pop: " + firstInFirstOutLinked.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Peek: " + firstInFirstOutLinked.Peek());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Pop: " + firstInFirstOutLinked.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [FirstInFirstOutLinked] Count: " + firstInFirstOutLinked.Count);
firstInFirstOutLinked.Clear(); // Clears the firstInLastOut
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Heap
{
Console.WriteLine(" Heap---------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An \"Heap\" is a binary tree that stores items based on priorities.");
Console.WriteLine(" It implements Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure like the others.");
Console.WriteLine(" It uses sifting algorithms to move nodes vertically through itself.");
Console.WriteLine(" It is often the best data structure for standard priority queues.");
Console.WriteLine(" \"HeapArray\" is an implementation where the tree has been flattened");
Console.WriteLine(" into an array.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Let's say the priority is how close a number is to \"5\".");
Console.WriteLine(" So \"Dequeue\" will give us the next closest value to \"5\".");
Comparison Priority(int a, int b)
{
int _a = Compute.AbsoluteValue(a - 5);
int _b = Compute.AbsoluteValue(b - 5);
Comparison comparison = Compare.Wrap(_b.CompareTo(_a));
return(comparison);
}
Console.WriteLine();
IHeap <int> heapArray = new HeapArray <int>(Priority);
Console.Write(" [HeapArray] Enqueuing (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
heapArray.Enqueue(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" [HeapArray] Dequeue: " + heapArray.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [HeapArray] Dequeue: " + heapArray.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [HeapArray] Peek: " + heapArray.Peek());
Console.WriteLine(" [HeapArray] Dequeue: " + heapArray.Dequeue());
Console.WriteLine(" [HeapArray] Count: " + heapArray.Count);
heapArray.Clear(); // Clears the heapArray
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Tree
//Console.WriteLine(" Tree-----------------------------");
//Tree<int> tree_Map = new TreeMap<int>(0, Compute.Equal, Hash.Default);
//for (int i = 1; i < test; i++)
//{
// tree_Map.Add(i, i / Compute.SquareRoot(i));
//}
//Console.Write(" Children of 0 (root): ");
//tree_Map.Children(0, (int i) => { Console.Write(i + " "); });
//Console.WriteLine();
//Console.Write(" Children of " + ((int)System.Math.Sqrt(test) - 1) + " (root): ");
//tree_Map.Children(((int)System.Math.Sqrt(test) - 1), (int i) => { Console.Write(i + " "); });
//Console.WriteLine();
//Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
//tree_Map.Stepper((int i) => { Console.Write(i + " "); });
//Console.WriteLine();
//Console.WriteLine();
#endregion
#region AVL Tree
{
Console.WriteLine(" AvlTree------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An AVL Tree is a sorted binary tree.");
Console.WriteLine(" It implements Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure like the others.");
Console.WriteLine(" It allows for very fast 1D ranged queries/traversals.");
Console.WriteLine(" It is very similar to an Red Black tree, but uses a different sorting algorithm.");
Console.WriteLine();
IAvlTree <int> avlTree = new AvlTreeLinked <int>();
Console.Write(" Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
avlTree.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
avlTree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
//// Note: Because the nodes in AVL Tree linked do not have
//// a parent pointer, the IEnumerable "foreach" iteration
//// is extremely slow and should be avoided. It requires
//// a stack for it's iteration.
//
//Console.Write(" Traversal Foreach: ");
//foreach (int i in avlTree)
//{
// Console.Write(i);
//}
//Console.WriteLine();
int minimum = random.Next(1, test / 2);
int maximum = random.Next(1, test / 2) + test / 2;
Console.Write(" Ranged Traversal [" + minimum + "-" + maximum + "]: ");
avlTree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i), minimum, maximum);
Console.WriteLine();
int removal = random.Next(0, test);
Console.Write(" Remove(" + removal + "): ");
avlTree.Remove(removal);
avlTree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int contains = random.Next(0, test);
Console.WriteLine(" Contains(" + contains + "): " + avlTree.Contains(contains));
Console.WriteLine(" Current Least: " + avlTree.CurrentLeast);
Console.WriteLine(" Current Greatest: " + avlTree.CurrentGreatest);
Console.WriteLine(" Count: " + avlTree.Count);
avlTree.Clear(); // Clears the AVL tree
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Red-Black Tree
{
Console.WriteLine(" Red-Black Tree------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An Red-Black Tree is a sorted binary tree.");
Console.WriteLine(" It implements Towel.DataStructures.DataStructure like the others.");
Console.WriteLine(" It allows for very fast 1D ranged queries/traversals.");
Console.WriteLine(" It is very similar to an AVL tree, but uses a different sorting algorithm.");
Console.WriteLine();
IRedBlackTree <int> redBlackTree = new RedBlackTreeLinked <int>();
Console.Write(" Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
redBlackTree.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
redBlackTree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int minimum = random.Next(1, test / 2);
int maximum = random.Next(1, test / 2) + test / 2;
Console.Write(" Ranged Traversal [" + minimum + "-" + maximum + "]: ");
redBlackTree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i), minimum, maximum);
Console.WriteLine();
int removal = random.Next(0, test);
Console.Write(" Remove(" + removal + "): ");
redBlackTree.Remove(removal);
redBlackTree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int contains = random.Next(0, test);
Console.WriteLine(" Contains(" + contains + "): " + redBlackTree.Contains(contains));
Console.WriteLine(" Current Least: " + redBlackTree.CurrentLeast);
Console.WriteLine(" Current Greatest: " + redBlackTree.CurrentGreatest);
Console.WriteLine(" Count: " + redBlackTree.Count);
redBlackTree.Clear(); // Clears the Red Black tree
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region BTree
{
Console.WriteLine(" B Tree------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A B Tree is a sorted binary tree that allows multiple values to");
Console.WriteLine(" be stored per node. This makes it sort of a hybrid between a");
Console.WriteLine(" binary tree and an array. Because multiple values are stored ");
Console.WriteLine(" per node, it means less nodes must be traversed to completely");
Console.WriteLine(" traverse the values in the B tree.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" The generic B Tree in Towel is still in development.");
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Set
{
Console.WriteLine(" Set------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A Set is like an Addable/List, but it does not allow duplicates. Sets are");
Console.WriteLine(" usually implemented using hash codes. Implementations with hash codes");
Console.WriteLine(" usually have very fast \"Contains\" checks to see if a value has already");
Console.WriteLine(" been added to the set.");
Console.WriteLine();
ISet <int> setHashLinked = new SetHashLinked <int>();
Console.Write(" Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
setHashLinked.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
setHashLinked.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int a = random.Next(0, test);
setHashLinked.Remove(a);
Console.Write(" Remove(" + a + "): ");
setHashLinked.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int b = random.Next(0, test);
Console.WriteLine(" Contains(" + b + "): " + setHashLinked.Contains(b));
Console.WriteLine(" Count: " + setHashLinked.Count);
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Map (aka Dictionary)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Map------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A Map (aka Dictionary) is similar to a Set, but it stores two values (a ");
Console.WriteLine(" key and a value). Maps do not allow duplicate keys much like Sets don't");
Console.WriteLine(" allow duplicate values. When provided with the key, the Map uses that key");
Console.WriteLine(" to look up the value that it is associated with. Thus, it allows you to ");
Console.WriteLine(" \"map\" one object to another. As with Sets, Maps are usually implemented");
Console.WriteLine(" using hash codes.");
Console.WriteLine();
// Note: the first generic is the value, the second is the key
IMap <string, int> mapHashLinked = new MapHashLinked <string, int>();
Console.WriteLine(" Let's map each int to its word representation (ex 1 -> One).");
Console.Write(" Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
mapHashLinked.Add(i, ((decimal)i).ToEnglishWords());
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Traversal: ");
mapHashLinked.Keys(i => Console.WriteLine(" " + i + "->" + mapHashLinked[i]));
Console.WriteLine();
int a = random.Next(0, test);
mapHashLinked.Remove(a);
Console.Write(" Remove(" + a + "): ");
mapHashLinked.Keys(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int b = random.Next(0, test);
Console.WriteLine(" Contains(" + b + "): " + mapHashLinked.Contains(b));
Console.WriteLine(" Count: " + mapHashLinked.Count);
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region OmnitreePoints
{
Console.WriteLine(" OmnitreePoints--------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An Omnitree is an ND SPT that allows for");
Console.WriteLine(" multidimensional sorting. Any time you need to look");
Console.WriteLine(" items up based on multiple fields/properties, then");
Console.WriteLine(" you might want to use an Omnitree. If you need to");
Console.WriteLine(" perform ranged queries on multiple dimensions, then");
Console.WriteLine(" the Omnitree is the data structure for you.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" The \"OmnitreePoints\" stores individual points (vectors),");
Console.WriteLine(" and the \"OmnitreeBounds\" stores bounded objects (spaces).");
Console.WriteLine();
IOmnitreePoints <int, double, string, decimal> omnitree =
new OmnitreePointsLinked <int, double, string, decimal>(
// This is a location delegate. (how to locate the item along each dimension)
(int index, out double a, out string b, out decimal c) =>
{
a = index;
b = index.ToString();
c = index;
});
Console.Write(" Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
omnitree.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
omnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int minimumXZ = random.Next(1, test / 2);
int maximumXZ = random.Next(1, test / 2) + test / 2;
string minimumY = minimumXZ.ToString();
string maximumY = maximumXZ.ToString();
Console.Write(" Spacial Traversal [" +
"(" + minimumXZ + ", \"" + minimumY + "\", " + minimumXZ + ")->" +
"(" + maximumXZ + ", \"" + maximumY + "\", " + maximumXZ + ")]: ");
omnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i),
minimumXZ, maximumXZ,
minimumY, maximumY,
minimumXZ, maximumXZ);
Console.WriteLine();
// Note: this "look up" is just a very narrow spacial query that (since we know the data)
// wil only give us one result.
int lookUp = random.Next(0, test);
string lookUpToString = lookUp.ToString();
Console.Write(" Look Up (" + lookUp + ", \"" + lookUpToString + "\", " + lookUp + "): ");
omnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i),
lookUp, lookUp,
lookUp.ToString(), lookUp.ToString(),
lookUp, lookUp);
Console.WriteLine();
// Ignoring dimensions on traversals example.
// If you want to ignore a column on a traversal, you can do so like this:
omnitree.Stepper(i => { /*Do Nothing*/ },
lookUp, lookUp,
Omnitree.Bound <string> .None, Omnitree.Bound <string> .None,
Omnitree.Bound <decimal> .None, Omnitree.Bound <decimal> .None);
Console.Write(" Counting Items In a Space [" +
"(" + minimumXZ + ", \"" + minimumY + "\", " + minimumXZ + ")->" +
"(" + maximumXZ + ", \"" + maximumY + "\", " + maximumXZ + ")]: ");
omnitree.CountSubSpace(
minimumXZ, maximumXZ,
minimumY, maximumY,
minimumXZ, maximumXZ);
Console.WriteLine();
int removalMinimum = random.Next(1, test / 2);
int removalMaximum = random.Next(1, test / 2) + test / 2;
string removalMinimumY = removalMinimum.ToString();
string removalMaximumY = removalMaximum.ToString();
Console.Write(" Remove (" + removalMinimum + "-" + removalMaximum + "): ");
omnitree.Remove(
removalMinimum, removalMaximum,
removalMinimumY, removalMaximumY,
removalMinimum, removalMaximum);
omnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Dimensions: " + omnitree.Dimensions);
Console.WriteLine(" Count: " + omnitree.Count);
omnitree.Clear(); // Clears the Omnitree
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region OmnitreeBounds
{
Console.WriteLine(" OmnitreeBounds--------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" An Omnitree is an ND SPT that allows for");
Console.WriteLine(" multidimensional sorting. Any time you need to look");
Console.WriteLine(" items up based on multiple fields/properties, then");
Console.WriteLine(" you might want to use an Omnitree. If you need to");
Console.WriteLine(" perform ranged queries on multiple dimensions, then");
Console.WriteLine(" the Omnitree is the data structure for you.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" The \"OmnitreePoints\" stores individual points (vectors),");
Console.WriteLine(" and the \"OmnitreeBounds\" stores bounded objects (spaces).");
Console.WriteLine();
IOmnitreeBounds <int, double, string, decimal> omnitree =
new OmnitreeBoundsLinked <int, double, string, decimal>(
// This is a location delegate. (how to locate the item along each dimension)
(int index,
out double min1, out double max1,
out string min2, out string max2,
out decimal min3, out decimal max3) =>
{
string indexToString = index.ToString();
min1 = index; max1 = index;
min2 = indexToString; max2 = indexToString;
min3 = index; max3 = index;
});
Console.Write(" Adding (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
omnitree.Add(i);
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write(" Traversal: ");
omnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
int minimumXZ = random.Next(1, test / 2);
int maximumXZ = random.Next(1, test / 2) + test / 2;
string minimumY = minimumXZ.ToString();
string maximumY = maximumXZ.ToString();
Console.Write(" Spacial Traversal [" +
"(" + minimumXZ + ", \"" + minimumY + "\", " + minimumXZ + ")->" +
"(" + maximumXZ + ", \"" + maximumY + "\", " + maximumXZ + ")]: ");
omnitree.StepperOverlapped(i => Console.Write(i),
minimumXZ, maximumXZ,
minimumY, maximumY,
minimumXZ, maximumXZ);
Console.WriteLine();
// Note: this "look up" is just a very narrow spacial query that (since we know the data)
// wil only give us one result.
int lookUpXZ = random.Next(0, test);
string lookUpY = lookUpXZ.ToString();
Console.Write(" Look Up (" + lookUpXZ + ", \"" + lookUpY + "\", " + lookUpXZ + "): ");
omnitree.StepperOverlapped(i => Console.Write(i),
lookUpXZ, lookUpXZ,
lookUpY, lookUpY,
lookUpXZ, lookUpXZ);
Console.WriteLine();
// Ignoring dimensions on traversals example.
// If you want to ignore a dimension on a traversal, you can do so like this:
omnitree.StepperOverlapped(i => { /*Do Nothing*/ },
lookUpXZ, lookUpXZ,
// The "None" means there is no bound, so all values are valid
Omnitree.Bound <string> .None, Omnitree.Bound <string> .None,
Omnitree.Bound <decimal> .None, Omnitree.Bound <decimal> .None);
Console.Write(" Counting Items In a Space [" +
"(" + minimumXZ + ", \"" + minimumY + "\", " + minimumXZ + ")->" +
"(" + maximumXZ + ", \"" + maximumY + "\", " + maximumXZ + ")]: " +
omnitree.CountSubSpaceOverlapped(
minimumXZ, maximumXZ,
minimumY, maximumY,
minimumXZ, maximumXZ));
Console.WriteLine();
int removalMinimumXZ = random.Next(1, test / 2);
int removalMaximumXZ = random.Next(1, test / 2) + test / 2;
string removalMinimumY = removalMinimumXZ.ToString();
string removalMaximumY = removalMaximumXZ.ToString();
Console.Write(" Remove (" + removalMinimumXZ + "-" + removalMaximumXZ + "): ");
omnitree.RemoveOverlapped(
removalMinimumXZ, removalMaximumXZ,
removalMinimumY, removalMaximumY,
removalMinimumXZ, removalMaximumXZ);
omnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Dimensions: " + omnitree.Dimensions);
Console.WriteLine(" Count: " + omnitree.Count);
omnitree.Clear(); // Clears the Omnitree
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region KD Tree
{
Console.WriteLine(" KD Tree------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A KD Tree binary tree that stores points sorted along along an");
Console.WriteLine(" arbitrary number of dimensions. So it performs multidimensional");
Console.WriteLine(" sorting similar to the Omnitree (Quadtree/Octree) in Towel, but");
Console.WriteLine(" it uses a completely different algorithm and format.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" The generic KD Tree in Towel is still in development.");
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Graph
{
Console.WriteLine(" Graph------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A Graph is a data structure of nodes and edges. Nodes are values");
Console.WriteLine(" and edges are connections between those values. Graphs are often");
Console.WriteLine(" used to model real world data such as maps, and are often used in");
Console.WriteLine(" path finding algoritms. See the \"Algorithms\" example for path");
Console.WriteLine(" finding examples. This is just an example of how to make a graph.");
Console.WriteLine(" A \"GraphSetOmnitree\" is an implementation where nodes are stored.");
Console.WriteLine(" in a Set and edges are stored in an Omnitree (aka Quadtree).");
Console.WriteLine();
IGraph <int> graphSetOmnitree = new GraphSetOmnitree <int>();
Console.WriteLine(" Adding Nodes (0-" + (test - 1) + ")...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
graphSetOmnitree.Add(i);
}
int edgesPerNode = 3;
Console.WriteLine(" Adding Random Edges (0-3 per node)...");
for (int i = 0; i < test; i++)
{
// lets use a heap to randomize the edges using random priorities
IHeap <(int, int)> heap = new HeapArray <(int, int)>((x, y) => Compare.Wrap(x.Item2.CompareTo(y.Item2)));
for (int j = 0; j < test; j++)
{
if (j != i)
{
heap.Enqueue((j, random.Next()));
}
}
// dequeue some random edges from the heap and add them to the graph
int randomEdgeCount = random.Next(edgesPerNode + 1);
for (int j = 0; j < randomEdgeCount; j++)
{
graphSetOmnitree.Add(i, heap.Dequeue().Item1);
}
}
Console.Write(" Nodes (Traversal): ");
graphSetOmnitree.Stepper(i => Console.Write(i));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Edges (Traversal): ");
graphSetOmnitree.Stepper((from, to) => Console.WriteLine(" " + from + "->" + to));
Console.WriteLine();
int a = random.Next(0, test);
Console.Write(" Neighbors (" + a + "):");
graphSetOmnitree.Neighbors(a, i => Console.Write(" " + i));
Console.WriteLine();
int b = random.Next(0, test / 2);
int c = random.Next(test / 2, test);
Console.WriteLine(" Are Adjacent (" + b + ", " + c + "): " + graphSetOmnitree.Adjacent(b, c));
Console.WriteLine(" Node Count: " + graphSetOmnitree.NodeCount);
Console.WriteLine(" Edge Count: " + graphSetOmnitree.EdgeCount);
graphSetOmnitree.Clear(); // Clears the graph
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Trie
{
Console.WriteLine(" Trie------------------------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" A Trie is a tree where portions of the data are stored in each node");
Console.WriteLine(" such that when you traverse the tree to a leaf, you have read the contents");
Console.WriteLine(" of that leaf along the way. Because of this, a Trie allows for its values");
Console.WriteLine(" to share data, which is a form of compression. So a Trie may be used to save");
Console.WriteLine(" memory. A trie may also be a very useful tool in pattern matching, because it");
Console.WriteLine(" it allows for culling based are portions of the data.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" The generic Trie in Towel is still in development.");
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
Console.WriteLine("============================================");
Console.WriteLine("Examples Complete...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
[TestMethod] public void Random_UniqueNext()
{
#region count < Math.Sqrt(maxValue - minValue)
{ // test shifting from maxValue
int i = 999;
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => i--);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(5, 0, 1000, j => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(j)); set.Add(j); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 5);
}
{ // test shifting from 0
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => 0);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(5, 0, 1000, i => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(i)); set.Add(i); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 5);
}
{ // test shifting from inner value
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => 7);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(5, 0, 1000, i => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(i)); set.Add(i); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 5);
}
{ // test
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
{
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(5, 0, 1000, j => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(j)); set.Add(j); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 5);
}
}
{ // test invalid random argument exception
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => 1000);
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => random.NextUnique(5, 0, 1000, i => { }));
}
{ // test invalid random argument exception
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => - 1);
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => random.NextUnique(5, 0, 1000, i => { }));
}
#endregion
#region count >= Math.Sqrt(maxValue - minValue)
{ // test shifting from maxValue
int i = 999;
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => i--);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(100, 0, 1000, j => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(j)); set.Add(j); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 100);
}
{ // test shifting from 0
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => 0);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(100, 0, 1000, i => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(i)); set.Add(i); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 100);
}
{ // test shifting from inner value
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => 7);
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(100, 0, 1000, i => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(i)); set.Add(i); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 100);
}
{ // test
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
{
ISet <int> set = new SetHashLinked <int>();
random.NextUnique(100, 0, 1000, j => { Assert.IsFalse(set.Contains(j)); set.Add(j); });
Assert.IsTrue(set.Count == 100);
}
}
{ // test invalid random argument exception
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => 1000);
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => random.NextUnique(100, 0, 1000, i => { }));
}
{ // test invalid random argument exception
TestingRandom random = new TestingRandom(() => - 1);
Assert.ThrowsException <ArgumentException>(() => random.NextUnique(100, 0, 1000, i => { }));
}
#endregion
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("You are runnning the Algorithms example.");
Console.WriteLine("======================================================");
Console.WriteLine();
#region Sorting
{
// Note: these functions are not restricted to array types. You can use the
// overloads with "Get" and "Assign" delegates to use them on any int-indexed
// data structure.
Console.WriteLine(" Sorting Algorithms----------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
int[] dataSet = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
Console.Write(" Data Set:" + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
// Shuffling (Randomizing)
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
Console.Write(" Shuffle (Randomizing): " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
// Bubble
Sort.Bubble(dataSet);
Console.Write(" Bubble: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
// Selection
Sort.Selection(dataSet);
Console.Write(" Selection: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
// Insertion
Sort.Insertion(dataSet);
Console.Write(" Insertion: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
// Quick
Sort.Quick(dataSet);
Console.Write(" Quick: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
// Merge
Sort.Merge(Compute.Compare, dataSet);
Console.Write(" Merge: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
// Heap
Sort.Heap(Compute.Compare, dataSet);
Console.Write(" Heap: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
Sort.Shuffle(dataSet);
// OddEven
Sort.OddEven(Compute.Compare, dataSet);
Console.Write(" OddEven: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
Console.WriteLine();
//Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
//Sort<int>.Shuffle(dataSet);
//// Slow
//Sort<int>.Slow(Logic.compare, get, set, 0, dataSet.Length);
//Console.Write("Slow: " + string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
//Console.WriteLine();
//Console.WriteLine(" shuffling dataSet...");
//Sort<int>.Shuffle(dataSet);
// Bogo
//Sort<int>.Bogo(Logic.compare, get, set, 0, dataSet.Length);
Console.Write(" Bogo: Disabled (takes forever)"); //+ string.Join(", ", dataSet.Select(x => x.ToString())));
//Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Graph Search (Using Graph Data Structure)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Graph Searching----------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
// make a graph
IGraph <int> graph = new GraphSetOmnitree <int>()
{
// add nodes
0,
1,
2,
3,
// add edges
{ 0, 1 },
{ 0, 2 },
{ 1, 3 },
{ 2, 3 }
};
// make a heuristic function
int heuristic(int node)
{
switch (node)
{
case 0:
return(3);
case 1:
return(6);
case 2:
return(1);
case 3:
return(0);
default:
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
// make a cost function
int cost(int from, int to)
{
if (from == 0 && to == 1)
{
return(1);
}
if (from == 0 && to == 2)
{
return(2);
}
if (from == 1 && to == 3)
{
return(5);
}
if (from == 2 && to == 3)
{
return(1);
}
if (from == 0 && to == 3)
{
return(99);
}
throw new Exception("invalid path cost computation");
}
// make a goal function
bool goal(int node)
{
if (node == 3)
{
return(true);
}
else
{
return(false);
}
}
// run A* the algorithm
Stepper <int> aStar_path = Search.Graph <int, int>(0, graph, heuristic, cost, goal);
Console.Write(" A* Path: ");
if (aStar_path != null)
{
aStar_path(i => Console.Write(i + " "));
}
else
{
Console.Write("none");
}
Console.WriteLine();
// run the Greedy algorithm
Stepper <int> greedy_path = Search.Graph <int, int>(0, graph, heuristic, goal);
Console.Write(" Greedy Path: ");
if (greedy_path != null)
{
greedy_path(i => Console.Write(i + " "));
}
else
{
Console.Write("none");
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine();
}
#endregion
#region Graph Search (Vector Game-Style Example)
{
Console.WriteLine(" Graph Searching (Vector Game-Style Example)-------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine(" Debug the code. The path is to large to write to the console.");
Console.WriteLine();
// Lets say you are coding enemy AI and you want the AI to find a path towards the player
// in order to attack them. Here are their starting positions:
Vector <float> enemyLocation = new Vector <float>(-100f, 0f, -50f);
Vector <float> playerLocation = new Vector <float>(200f, 0f, -50f);
float enemyAttackRange = 3f; // enemy has a melee attack with 3 range
// Lets say most of the terrain is open, but there is a big rock in between them that they
// must go around.
Vector <float> rockLocation = new Vector <float>(15f, 0f, -40f);
float rockRadius = 20f;
// Make sure we don't re-use locations (must be wiped after running the algorithm)
ISet <Vector <float> > alreadyUsed = new SetHashLinked <Vector <float> >();
Vector <float> validationVectorStorage = null; // storage to prevent a ton of vectors from being allocated
// So, we just need to validate movement locations (make sure the path finding algorithm
// ignores locations inside the rock)
bool validateMovementLocation(Vector <float> location)
{
// if the location is inside the rock, it is not a valid movement
location.Subtract(rockLocation, ref validationVectorStorage);
float magnitude = validationVectorStorage.Magnitude;
if (magnitude <= rockRadius)
{
return(false);
}
// NOTE: If you are running a physics engine, you might be able to just call it to validate a location.
// if the location was already used, then let's consider it invalid, because
// another path (which is faster) has already reached that location
if (alreadyUsed.Contains(location))
{
return(false);
}
return(true);
}
// Now we need the neighbor function (getting the neighbors of the current location).
void neighborFunction(Vector <float> currentLocation, Step <Vector <float> > neighbors)
{
// NOTES:
// - This neighbor function has a 90 degree per-node resolution (360 / 4 [north/south/east/west] = 90).
// - This neighbor function has a 1 unit per-node distance resolution, because we went 1 unit in each direction.
// RECOMMENDATIONS:
// - If the path finding is failing, you may need to increase the resolution.
// - If the algorithm is running too slow, you may need to reduce the resolution.
float distanceResolution = 1;
float x = currentLocation.X;
float y = currentLocation.Y;
float z = currentLocation.Z;
// Note: I'm using the X-axis and Z-axis here, but which axis you need to use
// depends on your environment. Your "north" could be along the Y-axis for example.
Vector <float> north = new Vector <float>(x + distanceResolution, y, z);
if (validateMovementLocation(north))
{
alreadyUsed.Add(north); // mark location as used
neighbors(north);
}
Vector <float> east = new Vector <float>(x, y, z + distanceResolution);
if (validateMovementLocation(east))
{
alreadyUsed.Add(east); // mark location as used
neighbors(east);
}
Vector <float> south = new Vector <float>(x - distanceResolution, y, z);
if (validateMovementLocation(south))
{
alreadyUsed.Add(south); // mark location as used
neighbors(south);
}
Vector <float> west = new Vector <float>(x, y, z - distanceResolution);
if (validateMovementLocation(west))
{
alreadyUsed.Add(west); // mark location as used
neighbors(west);
}
}
Vector <float> heuristicVectorStorage = null; // storage to prevent a ton of vectors from being allocated
// Heuristic function (how close are we to the goal)
float heuristicFunction(Vector <float> currentLocation)
{
// The goal is the player's location, so we just need our distance from the player.
currentLocation.Subtract(playerLocation, ref heuristicVectorStorage);
return(heuristicVectorStorage.Magnitude);
}
// Lets say there is a lot of mud around the rock, and the mud makes our player move at half their normal speed.
// Our path finding needs to find the fastest route to the player, whether it be through the mud or not.
Vector <float> mudLocation = new Vector <float>(15f, 0f, -70f);
float mudRadius = 30f;
Vector <float> costVectorStorage = null; // storage to prevent a ton of vectors from being allocated
// Cost function
float costFunction(Vector <float> from, Vector <float> to)
{
// If the location we are moving to is in the mud, lets adjust the
// cost because mud makes us move slower.
to.Subtract(mudLocation, ref costVectorStorage);
float magnitude = costVectorStorage.Magnitude;
if (magnitude <= mudRadius)
{
return(2f);
}
// neither location is in the mud, it is just a standard movement at normal speed.
return(1f);
}
Vector <float> goalVectorStorage = null; // storage to prevent a ton of vectors from being allocated
// Goal function
bool goalFunction(Vector <float> currentLocation)
{
// if the player is within the enemy's attack range WE FOUND A PATH! :)
currentLocation.Subtract(playerLocation, ref goalVectorStorage);
float magnitude = goalVectorStorage.Magnitude;
if (magnitude <= enemyAttackRange)
{
return(true);
}
// the enemy is not yet within attack range
return(false);
}
// We have all the necessary parameters. Run the pathfinding algorithms!
Stepper <Vector <float> > aStarPath =
Search.Graph(
enemyLocation,
neighborFunction,
heuristicFunction,
costFunction,
goalFunction);
// Flush the already used markers before running the Greedy algorithm.
// Normally you won't run two algorithms for the same graph/location, but
// we are running both algorithms in this example to demonstrate the
// differences between them.
alreadyUsed.Clear();
Stepper <Vector <float> > greedyPath =
Search.Graph(
enemyLocation,
neighborFunction,
heuristicFunction,
goalFunction);
// NOTE: If there is no valid path, then "Search.Graph" will return "null."
// For this example, I know that there will be a valid path so I did not
// include a null check.
// Lets convert the paths into arrays so you can look at them in the debugger. :)
Vector <float>[] aStarPathArray = aStarPath.ToArray();
Vector <float>[] greedyPathArray = greedyPath.ToArray();
// lets calculate the movement cost of each path to see how they compare
float astartTotalCost = Compute.Add <float>(step =>
{
for (int i = 0; i < aStarPathArray.Length - 1; i++)
{
step(costFunction(aStarPathArray[i], aStarPathArray[i + 1]));
}
});
float greedyTotalCost = Compute.Add <float>(step =>
{
for (int i = 0; i < greedyPathArray.Length - 1; i++)
{
step(costFunction(greedyPathArray[i], greedyPathArray[i + 1]));
}
});
// Notice that that the A* algorithm produces a less costly path than the Greedy,
// meaning that it is faster. The Greedy path went through the mud, but the A* path
// took the longer route around the other side of the rock, which ended up being faster
// than running through the mud.
}
#endregion
#region Random Generation
{
Console.WriteLine(" Random Generation---------------------");
Console.WriteLine();
int iterationsperrandom = 3;
void testrandom(Random random)
{
for (int i = 0; i < iterationsperrandom; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(" " + i + ": " + random.Next());
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
Arbitrary mcg_2pow59_13pow13 = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.MultiplicativeCongruent_A();
Console.WriteLine(" mcg_2pow59_13pow13 randoms:");
testrandom(mcg_2pow59_13pow13);
Arbitrary mcg_2pow31m1_1132489760 = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.MultiplicativeCongruent_B();
Console.WriteLine(" mcg_2pow31m1_1132489760 randoms:");
testrandom(mcg_2pow31m1_1132489760);
Arbitrary mersenneTwister = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.MersenneTwister();
Console.WriteLine(" mersenneTwister randoms:");
testrandom(mersenneTwister);
Arbitrary cmr32_c2_o3 = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.CombinedMultipleRecursive();
Console.WriteLine(" mersenneTwister randoms:");
testrandom(cmr32_c2_o3);
Arbitrary wh1982cmcg = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.WichmannHills1982();
Console.WriteLine(" mersenneTwister randoms:");
testrandom(wh1982cmcg);
Arbitrary wh2006cmcg = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.WichmannHills2006();
Console.WriteLine(" mersenneTwister randoms:");
testrandom(wh2006cmcg);
Arbitrary mwcxorsg = new Arbitrary.Algorithms.MultiplyWithCarryXorshift();
Console.WriteLine(" mwcxorsg randoms:");
testrandom(mwcxorsg);
}
#endregion
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("============================================");
Console.WriteLine("Example Complete...");
Console.ReadLine();
}