/// <summary>
/// Calulates the ratio of the count of positive to negative values.
/// The test succeeds if the ratio approaches unity as the sample size approaches infinity
/// </summary>
/// <param name="samples">The sample count</param>
public static double SignRatio(IPolyrand random, long samples, long radius)
{
var domain = closed(0 - math.abs(radius), 0 + math.abs(radius));
var pos = 0L;
var neg = 0L;
var zed = 0L;
for (var i = 0; i < samples; i++)
{
var next = random.Next(domain);
if (next > 0)
{
pos++;
}
else if (next < 0)
{
neg++;
}
else
{
zed++;
}
}
var ratio = (neg != 0 ? (double)pos / (double)neg : 0d);
// Should be zero or extremly close so combining it with the ratio should have
// negligible impact. Otherwise, something is wrong and willb reflected in the
// metric
var eps = (double)zed / (double)samples;
var metric = ratio + eps;
return(metric.Round(6));
}
/// <summary>
/// Shuffles array content in-place
/// </summary>
/// <param name="random">The random source</param>
/// <param name="src">The input/output array</param>
/// <typeparam name="T">The element type</typeparam>
public static T[] Shuffle <T>(this IPolyrand random, T[] src)
{
for (int i = 0; i < src.Length; i++)
{
swap(ref src[i], ref src[i + random.Next(0, src.Length - i)]);
}
return(src);
}
static IEnumerable <T> UnfilteredStream <T>(this IPolyrand src, Interval <T> domain)
where T : struct
{
while (true)
{
yield return(src.Next <T>(domain.Left, domain.Right));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Produces a random stream of unfiltered/unbounded points from a source
/// </summary>
/// <param name="random">The point source</param>
/// <typeparam name="T">The point type</typeparam>
public static IRandomStream <T> Stream <T>(this IPolyrand random)
where T : struct
{
IEnumerable <T> produce()
{
while (true)
{
yield return(random.Next <T>());
}
}
return(stream(produce(), random.RngKind));
}
public static void Shuffle <T>(IList <T> list, IPolyrand random = null)
{
int n = list.Count;
// Algorithm: repeatedly draw random integers, without replacement.
// We fill in the array from back to front.
// (would also work the other way)
for (int i = n - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
int j = random?.Next(i + 1) ?? Rand.Int(i + 1);
T temp = list[i];
list[i] = list[j];
list[j] = temp;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Produces a random stream of bytes
/// </summary>
/// <param name="random">The random source</param>
public static IRandomStream <byte> Bytes(this IPolyrand random)
{
IEnumerable <byte> produce()
{
while (true)
{
var bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(random.Next <ulong>());
for (var i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++)
{
if (i == 0)
{
yield return(bytes[i]);
}
}
}
}
return(stream(produce(), random.RngKind));
}
internal static HashSet <int> SampleWithoutReplacement(int itemCount, int count, IPolyrand random = null)
{
if (count > itemCount)
{
throw new ArgumentException("count > itemCount");
}
HashSet <int> set = new HashSet <int>();
if (count > itemCount / 2)
{
// use Shuffle
int[] array = Util.ArrayInit(itemCount, i => i);
Shuffle(array, random);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
set.Add(array[i]);
}
}
else
{
// use rejection
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
while (true)
{
int item = random?.Next(itemCount) ?? Rand.Int(itemCount);
if (!set.Contains(item))
{
set.Add(item);
break;
}
}
}
}
return(set);
}
public static BitVector16 BitVector16(this IPolyrand random) => random.Next <ushort>();
public static double Next(this IPolyrand src, double min, double max, bool truncate = false) => truncate?Math.Floor(src.Next(min, max)) : src.Next(min, max);
public static float Next(this IPolyrand src, float min, float max, bool truncate = false) => truncate?MathF.Floor(src.Next(min, max)) : src.Next(min, max);
public static BitString BitString(this IPolyrand random, int minlen, int maxlen) => random.BitString(random.Next <int>(minlen, maxlen + 1));
public static BitVector64 BitVector64(this IPolyrand random) => random.Next <ulong>();
public static int Int(int maxPlus1, IPolyrand random = null)
{
return(random?.Next(maxPlus1) ?? gen.Next(maxPlus1));
}
public static BitMatrix4 BitMatrix(this IPolyrand random, N4 n4) => Z0.BitMatrix4.Define(random.Next <ushort>());
static double NextDouble(IPolyrand random) => random?.Next <double>() ?? gen.NextDouble();
static IEnumerable <T> FilteredStream <T>(this IPolyrand src, Interval <T> domain, Func <T, bool> filter)
where T : struct
{
var next = default(T);
var tries = 0;
var tryMax = 10;
while (true)
{
if (typeof(T) == typeof(sbyte))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <sbyte>(domain.As <sbyte>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(byte))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <byte>(domain.As <byte>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(short))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <short>(domain.As <short>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(ushort))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <ushort>(domain.As <ushort>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(int))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <int>(domain.As <int>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(uint))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <uint>(domain.As <uint>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(long))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <long>(domain.As <long>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(ulong))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <ulong>(domain.As <ulong>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(float))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <float>(domain.As <float>()));
}
else if (typeof(T) == typeof(double))
{
next = generic <T>(src.Next <double>(domain.As <double>()));
}
else
{
throw unsupported <T>();
}
if (filter(next))
{
tries = 0;
yield return(next);
}
else
{
++tries;
if (tries > tryMax)
{
throw new Exception($"Filter too rigid over {domain}; last failed value: {next}");
}
}
}
}
public static BitVector8 BitVector8(this IPolyrand random) => random.Next <byte>();
public static UInt4 NextUInt4(this IPolyrand src, Interval <byte>?domain = null)
{
return(domain.Map(d => (UInt4)src.Next(d.Left, d.Right), () => (UInt4)src.Next <byte>()));
}
public static BitVector16 BitVector(this IPolyrand random, N16 n, int?maxwidth = null)
{
var v = random.Next <ushort>();
return(maxwidth == null ? v : (v >>= (16 - maxwidth)));
}
public static BitMatrix8 BitMatrix(this IPolyrand random, N8 n) => Z0.BitMatrix8.From(random.Next <ulong>());
public static BitVector16 BitVector16(this IPolyrand random, int maxwidth)
{
var v = random.Next <ushort>();
return(v >>= (16 - maxwidth));
}
public static BitVector32 BitVector32(this IPolyrand random) => random.Next <uint>();
public double Sample(IPolyrand random) => Math.Pow(random.Next <double>(), -1.0 / Shape) * LowerBound;
static int NextInt(int max, IPolyrand random) => random?.Next(max) ?? gen.Next(max);