/// <summary>
/// Get the y value of the first line of two lines where they intersect.
/// The lines must not be perfectly horizontal, vertical, or have zero length.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="line1">Two points that define the first line</param>
/// <param name="line2">Two points that define the second line</param>
/// <returns>The y value of line1 where x in line1 = x in line2</returns>
public static float Line1YWhereXTheSameInBothLines(LineSegment2 line1, LineSegment2 line2)
{
float j = (line1.point2.Y - line1.point2.Y) / (line1.point2.X - line1.point1.X);
float k = (line2.point2.X - line2.point1.X) / (line2.point2.Y - line2.point1.Y);
float l = line2.point1.X;
float q = line2.point1.Y;
return (j * (q - (k * l))) / (1 - (j * k));
}
/// <summary>
/// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world,
/// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param>
protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
{
// Allows the game to exit
if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) {
this.Exit();
}
SnakeDirection oldDirection = snakeDirection;
Vector2 oldSnakePosition = snakePosition;
bool justInitialized = false;
// Get keyboard input
KeyboardState state = Keyboard.GetState();
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.Space, state)) {
TogglePaused();
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.R, state)) {
InitializeSnake();
justInitialized = true;
}
if (!paused && !justInitialized) {
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) {
if (snakeDirection != SnakeDirection.Right) {
snakeDirection = SnakeDirection.Left;
}
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) {
if (snakeDirection != SnakeDirection.Left) {
snakeDirection = SnakeDirection.Right;
}
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) {
if (snakeDirection != SnakeDirection.Down) {
snakeDirection = SnakeDirection.Up;
}
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) {
if (snakeDirection != SnakeDirection.Up) {
snakeDirection = SnakeDirection.Down;
}
}
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.G, state)) {
GrowSnake();
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.OemPlus)) {
snakeSpeed += 5;
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.OemMinus)) {
snakeSpeed -= 5;
if (snakeSpeed < 0) {
snakeSpeed = 0;
}
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.OemCloseBrackets)) {
snakeLength += 1.0f;
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.OemOpenBrackets)) {
snakeLength -= 1.0f;
if (snakeLength < initialSnakeLength) {
snakeLength = initialSnakeLength;
}
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.W)) {
cameraPitch += 1.0f;
if (cameraPitch > 360.0f) {
cameraPitch -= 360.0f;
}
UpdateViewMatrix();
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.S)) {
cameraPitch -= 1.0f;
if (cameraPitch < 0) {
cameraPitch += 360.0f;
}
UpdateViewMatrix();
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) {
cameraDistance += 1.0f;
UpdateViewMatrix();
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.A)) {
cameraDistance -= 1.0f;
if (cameraDistance < 0) {
cameraDistance = 0;
}
UpdateViewMatrix();
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.V, state)) {
if (cameraType == CameraType.FromAbove) {
SetCameraType(CameraType.Angled);
} else {
SetCameraType(CameraType.FromAbove);
}
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.T, state)) {
Toggle2DSnake();
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.I, state)) {
ToggleOverlay();
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.C, state)) {
ToggleIgnoreCollisions();
}
if (IsKeyReleased(Keys.B, state)) {
if (arenaBoundaryType == ArenaBoundaryType.WrapAround) {
arenaBoundaryType = ArenaBoundaryType.Collision;
} else if (arenaBoundaryType == ArenaBoundaryType.Collision) {
arenaBoundaryType = ArenaBoundaryType.NoBoundary;
} else {
arenaBoundaryType = ArenaBoundaryType.WrapAround;
}
}
if (state.IsKeyDown(Keys.Q) || state.IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) {
Exit();
}
oldKeyboardState = state;
if (!paused && !justInitialized) {
// Check if snake switched direction
if (snakeDirection != oldDirection) {
// Add position to list of joints
snakePositions.Add(new Vector2(oldSnakePosition.X, oldSnakePosition.Y));
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(false);
}
// Move the snake
float displacement = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds * snakeSpeed;
switch (snakeDirection) {
case SnakeDirection.Up:
snakePosition.Y -= displacement;
break;
case SnakeDirection.Down:
snakePosition.Y += displacement;
break;
case SnakeDirection.Left:
snakePosition.X -= displacement;
break;
case SnakeDirection.Right:
snakePosition.X += displacement;
break;
}
bool hit = false;
// Check if snake went out of bounds
if (arenaBoundaryType == ArenaBoundaryType.Collision) {
if (snakePosition.X < 0 ||
snakePosition.X > graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - 1 ||
snakePosition.Y < 0 ||
snakePosition.Y > graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height - 1) {
hit = true;
}
} else if (arenaBoundaryType == ArenaBoundaryType.WrapAround) {
if (snakePosition.X < 0) {
oldSnakePosition = new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width, snakePosition.Y);
snakePositions.Add(new Vector2(0, snakePosition.Y));
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(false);
snakePositions.Add(oldSnakePosition);
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(true);
snakePosition = new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width + snakePosition.X, snakePosition.Y);
} else if (snakePosition.X > graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width) {
oldSnakePosition = new Vector2(0, snakePosition.Y);
snakePositions.Add(new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width, snakePosition.Y));
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(false);
snakePositions.Add(oldSnakePosition);
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(true);
snakePosition = new Vector2(snakePosition.X - graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width, snakePosition.Y);
} else if (snakePosition.Y < 0) {
oldSnakePosition = new Vector2(snakePosition.X, graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height);
snakePositions.Add(new Vector2(snakePosition.X, 0));
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(false);
snakePositions.Add(oldSnakePosition);
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(true);
snakePosition = new Vector2(snakePosition.X, graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height + snakePosition.Y);
} else if (snakePosition.Y > graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height) {
oldSnakePosition = new Vector2(snakePosition.X, 0);
snakePositions.Add(new Vector2(snakePosition.X, graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height));
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(false);
snakePositions.Add(oldSnakePosition);
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.Add(true);
snakePosition = new Vector2(snakePosition.X, snakePosition.Y - graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height);
}
}
// Trim the snake tail, making sure the length of the snake is correct.
// Go backwards from current point through each point, adding up the displacement.
// Stop when you reach the right length, removing history of non relevant points.
float length = 0;
Vector2 lastPosition = snakePosition;
Vector2 vector = new Vector2();
int i;
for (i = snakePositions.Count - 1; i >= 0 && length <= snakeLength; --i) {
Vector2 position = snakePositions[i];
if (i == snakePositions.Count - 1 || !disconnectedToPreviousPoint[i + 1]) {
vector = lastPosition - position;
length += vector.Length();
}
lastPosition = position;
}
if (length > snakeLength) {
// Modify the tail end position
float changeAmount = length - snakeLength;
vector.Normalize();
vector = vector * changeAmount;
Vector2 newPosition = snakePositions[i + 1] + vector;
snakePositions[i + 1] = newPosition;
}
if (i >= 0) {
snakePositions.RemoveRange(0, i + 1);
disconnectedToPreviousPoint.RemoveRange(0, i + 1);
// Make sure the first element (the tail end point) is set to false
disconnectedToPreviousPoint[0] = false;
}
// Check if snake intersected with itself
LineSegment2 recentMovement = new LineSegment2(oldSnakePosition, snakePosition);
if (!hit && !ignoreSnakeCollisions) {
if (snakePositions.Count > 1) {
lastPosition = snakePositions[snakePositions.Count - 2];
i = snakePositions.Count - 3;
for (; i >= 0 && !hit; --i) {
Vector2 position = snakePositions[i];
LineSegment2 snakeSegment = new LineSegment2(position, lastPosition);
if (!disconnectedToPreviousPoint[i + 1]) {
hit = LineSegment2.SegmentsIntersect(recentMovement, snakeSegment);
}
lastPosition = position;
}
}
}
if (hit) {
InitializeSnake();
} else {
// Check if snake reached a goal
if (LineSegment2.SegmentsIntersect(recentMovement, goalLeftSide) ||
LineSegment2.SegmentsIntersect(recentMovement, goalRightSide) ||
LineSegment2.SegmentsIntersect(recentMovement, goalBottomSide) ||
LineSegment2.SegmentsIntersect(recentMovement, goalLeftSide)) {
// intersection
GrowSnake();
RepositionGoal();
}
Update3DSnakeData();
}
}
base.Update(gameTime);
}
/// <summary>
/// Reposition the goal to a random location.
/// </summary>
protected void RepositionGoal()
{
// TODO: make sure it gets repositioned somewhere the snake is not at
Random rand = new Random(System.DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
goalPosition.X = rand.Next(0, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - (int)blockSize.X);
goalPosition.Y = rand.Next(0, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height - (int)blockSize.Y);
// Check if snake reached a goal
goalUpperLeft = new Vector2(goalPosition.X - blockSize.X / 2.0f, goalPosition.Y - blockSize.Y / 2.0f);
goalUpperRight = new Vector2(goalPosition.X + blockSize.X / 2.0f, goalPosition.Y - blockSize.Y / 2.0f);
goalLowerLeft = new Vector2(goalPosition.X - blockSize.X / 2.0f, goalPosition.Y + blockSize.Y / 2.0f);
goalLowerRight = new Vector2(goalPosition.X + blockSize.X / 2.0f, goalPosition.Y + blockSize.Y / 2.0f);
goalLeftSide = new LineSegment2(goalUpperLeft, goalLowerLeft);
goalTopSide = new LineSegment2(goalUpperLeft, goalUpperRight);
goalRightSide = new LineSegment2(goalUpperRight, goalLowerRight);
goalBottomSide = new LineSegment2(goalLowerLeft, goalLowerRight);
// Update 3D data
goalVertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[4];
goalVertices[0] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(Snake2DTo3DVector(goalUpperLeft),
new Vector3(0, 1, 0),
new Vector2(0, 0));
goalVertices[1] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(Snake2DTo3DVector(goalUpperRight),
new Vector3(0, 1, 0),
new Vector2(0, 0));
goalVertices[2] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(Snake2DTo3DVector(goalLowerRight),
new Vector3(0, 1, 0),
new Vector2(0, 0));
goalVertices[3] = new VertexPositionNormalTexture(Snake2DTo3DVector(goalLowerLeft),
new Vector3(0, 1, 0),
new Vector2(0, 0));
goalVertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(graphics.GraphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionNormalTexture),
goalVertices.Length, BufferUsage.None);
goalVertexBuffer.SetData<VertexPositionNormalTexture>(goalVertices);
goalIndexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphics.GraphicsDevice, typeof(int), goalIndices.Length, BufferUsage.None);
goalIndexBuffer.SetData<int>(goalIndices);
}
/// <summary>
/// Determine whether two line segments intersect.
/// Segments may be points, but must not have infinite length.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="segment1"></param>
/// <param name="segment2"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool SegmentsIntersect(LineSegment2 segment1, LineSegment2 segment2)
{
bool doIntersect = false;
LineSegment2[] segments = { segment1, segment2 };
float[] changeInX = new float[2];
float[] changeInY = new float[2];
SegmentRelationship segmentRelationship;
List<int> horizontalSegmentIndices = new List<int>();
List<int> verticalSegmentIndices = new List<int>();
List<int> pointSegmentIndices = new List<int>();
List<int> tiltedSegmentIndices = new List<int>();
Vector2 intersectPoint;
for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
changeInX[i] = segments[i].point2.X - segments[i].point1.X;
changeInY[i] = segments[i].point2.Y - segments[i].point1.Y;
if (changeInX[i] == 0 && changeInY[i] == 0) {
pointSegmentIndices.Add(i);
} else if (changeInX[i] == 0) {
verticalSegmentIndices.Add(i);
} else if (changeInY[i] == 0) {
horizontalSegmentIndices.Add(i);
} else {
tiltedSegmentIndices.Add(i);
}
}
if (pointSegmentIndices.Count >= 1) {
if (pointSegmentIndices.Count == 2) {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.Points;
} else if (verticalSegmentIndices.Count == 1) {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.VerticalPoint;
} else if (horizontalSegmentIndices.Count == 1) {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.HorizontalPoint;
} else {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.TiltedPoint;
}
} else if (verticalSegmentIndices.Count >= 1) {
if (verticalSegmentIndices.Count == 2) {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.Verticals;
} else if (horizontalSegmentIndices.Count == 1) {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.VerticalHorizontal;
} else {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.VerticalTilted;
}
} else if (horizontalSegmentIndices.Count >= 1) {
if (horizontalSegmentIndices.Count == 2) {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.Horizontals;
} else {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.HorizontalTilted;
}
} else {
segmentRelationship = SegmentRelationship.Tilted;
}
if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.Points) {
// check that the points are identical
if (segment1.point1.X == segment2.point1.X &&
segment1.point1.Y == segment2.point1.Y) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = segment1.point1;
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.Verticals ||
segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.Horizontals) {
// no intersection
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.VerticalHorizontal) {
LineSegment2 vertical = segments[verticalSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 horizontal = segments[horizontalSegmentIndices[0]];
if (vertical.point1.X >= horizontal.LowestX() && vertical.point1.X <= horizontal.GreatestX() &&
horizontal.point1.Y >= vertical.LowestY() && horizontal.point1.Y <= vertical.GreatestY()) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = new Vector2(vertical.point1.X, horizontal.point1.Y);
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.VerticalPoint) {
// check if point is in line segment
LineSegment2 vertical = segments[verticalSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 point = segments[pointSegmentIndices[0]];
if (point.point1.X == vertical.point1.X &&
point.point1.Y >= vertical.LowestY() && point.point1.Y <= vertical.GreatestY()) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = new Vector2(vertical.point1.X, point.point1.Y);
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.HorizontalPoint) {
// check if point is in line segment
LineSegment2 horizontal = segments[horizontalSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 point = segments[pointSegmentIndices[0]];
if (point.point1.Y == horizontal.point1.Y &&
point.point1.X >= horizontal.LowestX() && point.point1.X <= horizontal.GreatestX()) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = new Vector2(point.point1.X, horizontal.point1.Y);
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.VerticalTilted) {
LineSegment2 vertical = segments[verticalSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 tilted = segments[tiltedSegmentIndices[0]];
// Check if they intersect horizontally
if (vertical.point1.X >= tilted.LowestX() && vertical.point1.X <= tilted.GreatestX()) {
// get y value at x = vertical.point1.X
float y = YAtXEqualsNInLine(tilted, vertical.point1.X);
// Check if they intersect vertically
if (y >= vertical.LowestY() && y <= vertical.GreatestY()) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = new Vector2(vertical.point1.X, y);
}
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.HorizontalTilted) {
LineSegment2 horizontal = segments[horizontalSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 tilted = segments[tiltedSegmentIndices[0]];
// Check if they intersect vertically
if (horizontal.point1.Y >= tilted.LowestY() && horizontal.point1.Y <= tilted.GreatestY()) {
// get x value at y = horizontal.point1.Y
float x = XAtYEqualsNInLine(tilted, horizontal.point1.Y);
// Check if they intersect horizontally
if (x >= horizontal.LowestX() && x <= horizontal.GreatestX()) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = new Vector2(x, horizontal.point1.Y);
}
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.TiltedPoint) {
LineSegment2 point = segments[pointSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 tilted = segments[tiltedSegmentIndices[0]];
// get y value at x = point.point1.X
float y = YAtXEqualsNInLine(tilted, point.point1.X);
if (y == point.point1.Y) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = point.point1;
}
} else if (segmentRelationship == SegmentRelationship.Tilted) {
LineSegment2 line1 = segments[tiltedSegmentIndices[0]];
LineSegment2 line2 = segments[tiltedSegmentIndices[1]];
// get y value where both lines have the same x
float y = Line1YWhereXTheSameInBothLines(line1, line2);
if (y >= line1.LowestY() && y <= line1.GreatestY()) {
doIntersect = true;
intersectPoint = new Vector2(XAtYEqualsNInLine(line1, y), y);
}
}
return doIntersect;
}
/// <summary>
/// Get the y value of a line where x = n.
/// The line must not be perfectly horizontal or vertical or have zero length.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="line">Two points that define the line</param>
/// <param name="n">The value of x</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static float YAtXEqualsNInLine(LineSegment2 line, float n)
{
return ((line.point2.Y - line.point1.Y) / (line.point2.X - line.point1.X)) *
(n - line.point1.X) + line.point1.Y;
}
/// <summary>
/// Get the x value of a line where y = n.
/// The line must not be perfectly horizontal or vertical or have zero length.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="line">Two points that define the line</param>
/// <param name="n">The value of y</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static float XAtYEqualsNInLine(LineSegment2 line, float n)
{
return ((line.point2.X - line.point1.X) / (line.point2.Y - line.point1.Y)) *
(n - line.point1.Y) + line.point1.X;
}