/// <summary>
/// Extends sphere to enclose another sphere</summary>
/// <param name="sphere">Sphere to enclose</param>
/// <returns>Extended sphere</returns>
public Sphere3F Extend(Sphere3F sphere)
{
if (!m_initialized)
{
Center = sphere.Center;
Radius = sphere.Radius;
m_initialized = true;
}
else if (!Contains(sphere))
{
if (Center == sphere.Center)
{
Radius = sphere.Radius;
}
else
{
Vec3F normal = Vec3F.Normalize(sphere.Center - Center);
Vec3F p1 = sphere.Center + (normal * sphere.Radius);
Vec3F p2 = Center - (normal * Radius);
Radius = (p2 - p1).Length / 2.0f;
Center = (p1 + p2) / 2.0f;
}
}
return(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the point on this ray resulting from projecting 'point' onto this ray.
/// This is also the same as finding the closest point on this ray to 'point'.</summary>
/// <param name="point">Point to project onto this ray</param>
/// <returns>Closest point on this ray to 'point'</returns>
public Vec3F ProjectPoint(Vec3F point)
{
Vec3F normalizedDir = Vec3F.Normalize(Direction);
float distToX = Vec3F.Dot(point - Origin, normalizedDir);
Vec3F x = Origin + distToX * normalizedDir;
return(x);
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor</summary>
/// <param name="angle">Angle of rotation</param>
/// <param name="axis">Axis of rotation. The resulting axis has length of 1.</param>
public AngleAxisF(float angle, Vec3F axis)
{
Angle = angle;
Axis.X = axis.X;
Axis.Y = axis.Y;
Axis.Z = axis.Z;
Axis.Normalize();
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructs a plane from 3 non-linear points on the plane, such that
/// Normal * p = Distance</summary>
/// <param name="p1">First point</param>
/// <param name="p2">Second point</param>
/// <param name="p3">Third point</param>
public Plane3F(Vec3F p1, Vec3F p2, Vec3F p3)
{
Vec3F d12 = p2 - p1;
Vec3F d13 = p3 - p1;
Vec3F normal = Vec3F.Cross(d12, d13);
Normal = Vec3F.Normalize(normal);
Distance = Vec3F.Dot(Normal, p1);
}
/// <summary>
/// Transforms the given plane by this matrix</summary>
/// <param name="p">Input plane</param>
/// <param name="transposeOfInverse">Transpose of the inverse of this matrix, for performance reasons</param>
/// <param name="result">Output plane</param>
public void Transform(Plane3F p, Matrix4F transposeOfInverse, out Plane3F result)
{
Vec3F normal = p.Normal;
Vec3F point = p.PointOnPlane();
TransformNormal(normal, transposeOfInverse, out normal);
Transform(point, out point);
normal.Normalize();
result = new Plane3F(normal, point);
}
/// <summary>
/// Transforms the given plane by this matrix</summary>
/// <param name="p">Input plane</param>
/// <param name="result">Output plane</param>
public void Transform(Plane3F p, out Plane3F result)
{
Vec3F normal = p.Normal;
Vec3F point = p.PointOnPlane();
TransformNormal(normal, out normal);
Transform(point, out point);
normal.Normalize();
result = new Plane3F(normal, point);
}
/// <summary>
/// Extends sphere to enclose point</summary>
/// <param name="pt">Point to enclose</param>
/// <returns>Extended sphere</returns>
public Sphere3F Extend(Vec3F pt)
{
if (!m_initialized)
{
Center = pt;
Radius = 0;
m_initialized = true;
}
else if (!Contains(pt))
{
Vec3F normal = Vec3F.Normalize(pt - Center);
Vec3F p = Center - (normal * Radius);
Radius = (pt - p).Length / 2.0f;
Center = pt + p / 2.0f;
}
return(this);
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates Billboard matrix from the given parameters.</summary>
public static void CreateBillboard(Matrix4F matrix, Vec3F objectPos, Vec3F camPos, Vec3F camUp, Vector3 camLook)
{
Vector3 look = objectPos - camPos;
float len = look.LengthSquared;
if (len < 0.0001f)
{
look = -camLook;
}
else
{
look.Normalize();
}
Vector3 right = Vec3F.Cross(camUp, look);
right.Normalize();
Vector3 up = Vec3F.Cross(look, right);
matrix.M11 = right.X;
matrix.M12 = right.Y;
matrix.M13 = right.Z;
matrix.M14 = 0f;
matrix.M21 = up.X;
matrix.M22 = up.Y;
matrix.M23 = up.Z;
matrix.M24 = 0f;
matrix.M31 = look.X;
matrix.M32 = look.Y;
matrix.M33 = look.Z;
matrix.M34 = 0f;
matrix.M41 = objectPos.X;
matrix.M42 = objectPos.Y;
matrix.M43 = objectPos.Z;
matrix.M44 = 1f;
}
public static void WritePolygon(
Vector3[] pts,
List <Vector3> pos, List <Vector3> normal, List <uint> indices)
{
// Calculate a normal for this face!
///////////////////////////////////////
// We have good C++ code for fitting planes to faces.
// But we don't have access to it from this code!
var n = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
for (uint c = 0; c < pts.Length - 2; ++c)
{
n += /*Vector3.Normalize*/ (Vector3.Cross(pts[c] - pts[c + 1], pts[c + 2] - pts[c + 1]));
}
// note that if we don't do the above normalize, then the contribution of
// each triangle will be weighted by the length of the cross product (which is
// proportional to the triangle area -- effectively weighting by triangle area).
n = -Vector3.Normalize(n);
var firstIndex = pos.Count;
for (uint c = 0; c < pts.Length; ++c)
{
pos.Add(pts[c]);
normal.Add(n);
}
for (uint c = 2; c < pts.Length; ++c)
{
indices.Add((uint)(firstIndex));
indices.Add((uint)(firstIndex + c - 1));
indices.Add((uint)(firstIndex + c));
}
}
public static void CreateCylinder(float rad1, float rad2, float height, uint slices, uint stacks,
List <Vector3> pos, List <Vector3> normal, List <uint> indices)
{
float stackHeight = height / stacks;
// Amount to increment radius as we move up each stack level from bottom to top.
float radiusStep = (rad2 - rad1) / stacks;
uint numRings = stacks + 1;
// Compute vertices for each stack ring.
for (uint i = 0; i < numRings; ++i)
{
float y = i * stackHeight;
float r = rad1 + i * radiusStep;
// Height and radius of next ring up.
float y_next = (i + 1) * stackHeight;
float r_next = rad1 + (i + 1) * radiusStep;
// vertices of ring
float dTheta = 2.0f * MathHelper.Pi / slices;
for (uint j = 0; j <= slices; ++j)
{
float c = (float)Math.Cos(j * dTheta);
float s = (float)Math.Sin(j * dTheta);
// tex coord if needed.
//float u = j/(float) slices;
//float v = 1.0f - (float) i/stacks;
// Partial derivative in theta direction to get tangent vector (this is a unit vector).
Vector3 T = new Vector3(-s, 0.0f, c);
// Compute tangent vector down the slope of the cone (if the top/bottom
// radii differ then we get a cone and not a true cylinder).
Vector3 P = new Vector3(r * c, y, r * s);
Vector3 P_next = new Vector3(r_next * c, y_next, r_next * s);
Vector3 B = P - P_next;
B.Normalize();
Vector3 N = Vector3.Cross(T, B);
N.Normalize();
P.Z *= -1;
N.Z *= -1;
pos.Add(P);
if (normal != null)
{
normal.Add(N);
}
}
}
uint numRingVertices = slices + 1;
// Compute indices for each stack.
for (uint i = 0; i < stacks; ++i)
{
for (uint j = 0; j < slices; ++j)
{
indices.Add(i * numRingVertices + j);
indices.Add((i + 1) * numRingVertices + j + 1);
indices.Add((i + 1) * numRingVertices + j);
indices.Add(i * numRingVertices + j);
indices.Add(i * numRingVertices + j + 1);
indices.Add((i + 1) * numRingVertices + j + 1);
}
}
// build bottom cap.
if (rad1 > 0)
{
uint baseIndex = (uint)pos.Count;
// Duplicate cap vertices because the texture coordinates and normals differ.
float y = 0;
// vertices of ring
float dTheta = 2.0f * MathHelper.Pi / slices;
for (uint i = 0; i <= slices; ++i)
{
float x = rad1 * (float)Math.Cos(i * dTheta);
float z = rad1 * (float)Math.Sin(i * dTheta);
// Map [-1,1]-->[0,1] for planar texture coordinates.
//float u = +0.5f * x / mBottomRadius + 0.5f;
//float v = -0.5f * z / mBottomRadius + 0.5f;
Vector3 p = new Vec3F(x, y, -z);
pos.Add(p);
if (normal != null)
{
normal.Add(new Vec3F(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f));
}
}
// cap center vertex
pos.Add(new Vec3F(0.0f, y, 0.0f));
if (normal != null)
{
normal.Add(new Vec3F(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f));
}
// tex coord for center cap 0.5f, 0.5f
// index of center vertex
uint centerIndex = (uint)pos.Count - 1;
for (uint i = 0; i < slices; ++i)
{
indices.Add(centerIndex);
indices.Add(baseIndex + i + 1);
indices.Add(baseIndex + i);
}
}
// build top cap.
if (rad2 > 0)
{
uint baseIndex = (uint)pos.Count;
// Duplicate cap vertices because the texture coordinates and normals differ.
float y = height;
// vertices of ring
float dTheta = 2.0f * MathHelper.Pi / slices;
for (uint i = 0; i <= slices; ++i)
{
float x = rad2 * (float)Math.Cos(i * dTheta);
float z = rad2 * (float)Math.Sin(i * dTheta);
// Map [-1,1]-->[0,1] for planar texture coordinates.
//float u = +0.5f * x / mTopRadius + 0.5f;
//float v = -0.5f * z / mTopRadius + 0.5f;
pos.Add(new Vec3F(x, y, -z));
if (normal != null)
{
normal.Add(new Vec3F(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
}
}
// pos, norm, tex1 for cap center vertex
pos.Add(new Vec3F(0.0f, y, 0.0f));
if (normal != null)
{
normal.Add(new Vec3F(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
}
// tex coord 0.5f, 0.5f
// index of center vertex
uint centerIndex = (uint)pos.Count - 1;
for (uint i = 0; i < slices; ++i)
{
indices.Add(centerIndex);
indices.Add(baseIndex + i);
indices.Add(baseIndex + i + 1);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Create bi-polar sphere
/// </summary>
/// <param name="radius">radias of the sphere</param>
/// <param name="slices">number of slices</param>
/// <param name="stacks">number of stacks</param>
/// <param name="pos">output positions</param>
/// <param name="normal">output normals</param>
/// <param name="tex">output texture coordinates</param>
/// <param name="indices">output indices</param>
public static void CreateSphere(float radius, uint slices, uint stacks,
List <Vector3> pos, List <Vector3> normal, List <Vector2> tex, List <uint> indices)
{
if (radius <= 0)
{
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("radius");
}
if (slices < 2 || stacks < 2)
{
throw new ArgumentException("invalid number slices or stacks");
}
// caches sin cos.
float[] cosPhi = new float[stacks];
float[] sinPhi = new float[stacks];
float phiStep = MathHelper.Pi / stacks;
float[] cosTheta = new float[slices];
float[] sinTheta = new float[slices];
float thetaStep = MathHelper.TwoPi / slices;
float phi = 0;
for (int s = 0; s < stacks; s++, phi += phiStep)
{
sinPhi[s] = (float)Math.Sin(phi);
cosPhi[s] = (float)Math.Cos(phi);
}
float theta = 0;
for (int s = 0; s < slices; s++, theta += thetaStep)
{
sinTheta[s] = (float)Math.Sin(theta);
cosTheta[s] = (float)Math.Cos(theta);
}
uint numVerts = 2 + (stacks - 1) * slices;
Vector3 northPole = new Vector3(0, radius, 0);
pos.Add(northPole); // north pole.
normal.Add(Vector3.Normalize(northPole)); // north pole.
for (int s = 1; s < stacks; s++)
{
float y = radius * cosPhi[s];
float r = radius * sinPhi[s];
for (int l = 0; l < slices; l++)
{
Vector3 p;
p.Y = y;
p.Z = r * cosTheta[l];
p.X = r * sinTheta[l];
pos.Add(p);
if (normal != null)
{
normal.Add(Vector3.Normalize(p));
}
}
}
Vector3 southPole = new Vector3(0, -radius, 0);
pos.Add(southPole);
normal.Add(Vector3.Normalize(southPole));
// 2l + (s-2) * 2l
// 2l * ( 1 + s-2)
// 2l * ( s- 1)
//
uint numTris = 2 * slices * (stacks - 1);
// create index of north pole cap.
for (uint l = 1; l < slices; l++)
{
indices.Add(l + 1);
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add(l);
}
indices.Add(1);
indices.Add(0);
indices.Add(slices);
for (uint s = 0; s < (stacks - 2); s++)
{
uint l = 1;
for (; l < slices; l++)
{
indices.Add((s + 1) * slices + l + 1); // bottom right.
indices.Add(s * slices + l + 1); // top right.
indices.Add(s * slices + l); // top left.
indices.Add((s + 1) * slices + l); // bottom left.
indices.Add((s + 1) * slices + l + 1); // bottom right.
indices.Add(s * slices + l); // top left.
}
indices.Add((s + 1) * slices + 1); // bottom right.
indices.Add(s * slices + 1); // top right.
indices.Add(s * slices + slices); // top left.
indices.Add((s + 1) * slices + slices); // bottom left.
indices.Add((s + 1) * slices + 1); // bottom right.
indices.Add(s * slices + slices); // top left.
}
// create index for south pole cap.
uint baseIndex = slices * (stacks - 2);
uint lastIndex = (uint)pos.Count - 1;
for (uint l = 1; l < slices; l++)
{
indices.Add(baseIndex + l);
indices.Add(lastIndex);
indices.Add(baseIndex + l + 1);
}
indices.Add(baseIndex + slices);
indices.Add(lastIndex);
indices.Add(baseIndex + 1);
}
/// <summary>
/// Transforms the ray by the given matrix. The Direction member will be normalized. There are
/// no particular restrictions on M. Any transformation done to a point in world space or
/// object space can be done on this ray, including any combination of rotations, translations,
/// uniform scales, non-uniform scales, etc.</summary>
/// <param name="M">Transformation matrix</param>
public void Transform(Matrix4F M)
{
M.Transform(Origin, out Origin);
M.TransformVector(Direction, out Direction);
Direction.Normalize();
}