Strategy used to code and decode meta data of the tokens from the input stream regarding how to position the tokens in the matrix, set and retreive weight, etc.
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a shingle filter with ad hoc parameter settings.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="input">stream from which to construct the matrix</param>
        /// <param name="minimumShingleSize">minimum number of tokens in any shingle.</param>
        /// <param name="maximumShingleSize">maximum number of tokens in any shingle.</param>
        /// <param name="spacerCharacter">character to use between texts of the token parts in a shingle. null for none.</param>
        /// <param name="ignoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle">if true, shingles that only contains permutation of the first of the last column will not be produced as shingles. Useful when adding boundary marker tokens such as '^' and '$'.</param>
        /// <param name="settingsCodec">codec used to read input token weight and matrix positioning.</param>
        public ShingleMatrixFilter(TokenStream input, int minimumShingleSize, int maximumShingleSize, Char? spacerCharacter, bool ignoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle, TokenSettingsCodec settingsCodec)
        {
            _input = input;
            MinimumShingleSize = minimumShingleSize;
            MaximumShingleSize = maximumShingleSize;
            SpacerCharacter = spacerCharacter;
            IsIgnoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle = ignoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle;
            _settingsCodec = settingsCodec;

            // ReSharper disable DoNotCallOverridableMethodsInConstructor
            _termAtt = (TermAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (TermAttribute));
            _posIncrAtt = (PositionIncrementAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (PositionIncrementAttribute));
            _payloadAtt = (PayloadAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (PayloadAttribute));
            _offsetAtt = (OffsetAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (OffsetAttribute));
            _typeAtt = (TypeAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (TypeAttribute));
            _flagsAtt = (FlagsAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (FlagsAttribute));
            // ReSharper restore DoNotCallOverridableMethodsInConstructor

            _inTermAtt = (TermAttribute) input.AddAttribute(typeof (TermAttribute));
            _inPosIncrAtt = (PositionIncrementAttribute) input.AddAttribute(typeof (PositionIncrementAttribute));
            _inPayloadAtt = (PayloadAttribute) input.AddAttribute(typeof (PayloadAttribute));
            _inOffsetAtt = (OffsetAttribute) input.AddAttribute(typeof (OffsetAttribute));
            _inTypeAtt = (TypeAttribute) input.AddAttribute(typeof (TypeAttribute));
            _inFlagsAtt = (FlagsAttribute) input.AddAttribute(typeof (FlagsAttribute));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a shingle filter based on a user defined matrix.
        /// 
        /// The filter /will/ delete columns from the input matrix! You will not be able to reset the filter if you used this constructor.
        /// todo: don't touch the matrix! use a bool, set the input stream to null or something, and keep track of where in the matrix we are at.
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="matrix">the input based for creating shingles. Does not need to contain any information until ShingleMatrixFilter.Next(Token) is called the first time.</param>
        /// <param name="minimumShingleSize">minimum number of tokens in any shingle.</param>
        /// <param name="maximumShingleSize">maximum number of tokens in any shingle.</param>
        /// <param name="spacerCharacter">character to use between texts of the token parts in a shingle. null for none.</param>
        /// <param name="ignoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle">if true, shingles that only contains permutation of the first of the last column will not be produced as shingles. Useful when adding boundary marker tokens such as '^' and '$'.</param>
        /// <param name="settingsCodec">codec used to read input token weight and matrix positioning.</param>
        public ShingleMatrixFilter(Matrix.Matrix matrix, int minimumShingleSize, int maximumShingleSize, Char spacerCharacter, bool ignoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle, TokenSettingsCodec settingsCodec)
        {
            Matrix = matrix;
            MinimumShingleSize = minimumShingleSize;
            MaximumShingleSize = maximumShingleSize;
            SpacerCharacter = spacerCharacter;
            IsIgnoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle = ignoringSinglePrefixOrSuffixShingle;
            _settingsCodec = settingsCodec;

            // ReSharper disable DoNotCallOverridableMethodsInConstructor
            _termAtt = (TermAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (TermAttribute));
            _posIncrAtt = (PositionIncrementAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (PositionIncrementAttribute));
            _payloadAtt = (PayloadAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (PayloadAttribute));
            _offsetAtt = (OffsetAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (OffsetAttribute));
            _typeAtt = (TypeAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (TypeAttribute));
            _flagsAtt = (FlagsAttribute) AddAttribute(typeof (FlagsAttribute));
            // ReSharper restore DoNotCallOverridableMethodsInConstructor

            // set the input to be an empty token stream, we already have the data.
            _input = new EmptyTokenStream();

            _inTermAtt = (TermAttribute) _input.AddAttribute(typeof (TermAttribute));
            _inPosIncrAtt = (PositionIncrementAttribute) _input.AddAttribute(typeof (PositionIncrementAttribute));
            _inPayloadAtt = (PayloadAttribute) _input.AddAttribute(typeof (PayloadAttribute));
            _inOffsetAtt = (OffsetAttribute) _input.AddAttribute(typeof (OffsetAttribute));
            _inTypeAtt = (TypeAttribute) _input.AddAttribute(typeof (TypeAttribute));
            _inFlagsAtt = (FlagsAttribute) _input.AddAttribute(typeof (FlagsAttribute));
        }