public void DipoleSar_LumpedPort_MatchesReference()
{
// Constants from Dipole_SAR.m
double f0 = 1e9;
double r = 50;
double[] freqs = Utility.LinearSpace(500e6, 1500e6, 501);
double meshRes = 2.5;
var lumpedPort = new LumpedPort(0, 1, r,
new Vector3D(-0.1, -0.1, -meshRes / 2),
new Vector3D(+0.1, +0.1, meshRes / 2),
ENormDir.Z, true);
lumpedPort.ReadResults(freqs);
ReferencePort rp = new ReferencePort();
// S11 over f
Assert.Equal(rp.S11_real, (from S11 in lumpedPort.S11
select String.Format("{0:e4}", S11.Real)).ToArray());
Assert.Equal(rp.S11_imag, (from S11 in lumpedPort.S11
select String.Format("{0:e4}", S11.Imaginary)).ToArray());
// Zin over f
Assert.Equal(rp.Zin_real, (from Zin in lumpedPort.ZFdIn
select String.Format("{0:e4}", Zin.Real)).ToArray());
Assert.Equal(rp.Zin_imag, (from Zin in lumpedPort.ZFdIn
select String.Format("{0:e4}", Zin.Imaginary)).ToArray());
// Pin over f
Assert.Equal(rp.Pin, (from Pin in lumpedPort.PFdIn
select String.Format("{0:e4}", Pin)).ToArray());
// Pin_f0
double Pin_f0 = lumpedPort.GetPFdInAt(f0);
Assert.Equal(String.Format("{0:e4}", rp.Pin_f0), String.Format("{0:e4}", Pin_f0));
}
static void ExportAntenna_Small_15x6mm()
{
double thickness = 0.01;
double airBox = 5.0;
double innerResolution = 0.5;
double outerResolution = 5.0;
var antenna = new CSXCAD.Antenna.Small_15x6mm_2400MHz(thickness);
const double pcbThickness = 1.5;
var lumpedPort = new LumpedPort(90, 1, 50, new Vector3D(0.0, 0.0, -pcbThickness), new Vector3D(0.0, 0.0, 0), ENormDir.Z, true);
antenna.Add(lumpedPort);
double margin = 2.0;
double groundWidth = 5.0;
var p1 = new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P1.x - margin, -groundWidth - margin, -pcbThickness);
var p2 = new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P2.x + margin, antenna.BoundingBox.P2.y + margin, 0);
double epsRel = 4.88;
var substrate = new Dielectric("pcb", epsRel, 1e-3 * 2 * Math.PI * 2.45e9 * epsRel * Material.Eps0);
substrate.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(10, 255, 10, 128);
substrate.FillColor = new Material.Color(10, 255, 10, 128);
var pcb = new CSXCAD.Box(null, substrate, 60, p1, p2);
antenna.Add(pcb);
var bottomGround = new Metal("bottom-ground");
bottomGround.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(235, 148, 7, 255);
bottomGround.FillColor = bottomGround.EdgeColor;
var bottomGroundPlane = new CSXCAD.Box(null, bottomGround, 100,
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P1.x - antenna.D1, antenna.D4 / 2, -pcbThickness),
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P2.x + antenna.D3, -groundWidth, -pcbThickness-0.01));
antenna.Add(bottomGroundPlane);
var topGround = new Metal("top-ground");
topGround.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(235, 148, 7, 255);
topGround.FillColor = topGround.EdgeColor;
var topGroundPlane = new CSXCAD.Box(null, topGround, 100,
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P1.x - antenna.D1, -antenna.D4 / 2, 0),
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P2.x + antenna.D3, -groundWidth, 0.01));
antenna.Add(topGroundPlane);
var viaMetal = new Metal("via");
viaMetal.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(235, 148, 7, 255);
viaMetal.FillColor = viaMetal.EdgeColor;
var via = new Cylinder(null, viaMetal, 100,
new Vector3D(-(antenna.W1 / 2 + antenna.D5 + antenna.W2 / 2), 0, -pcbThickness),
new Vector3D(-(antenna.W1 / 2 + antenna.D5 + antenna.W2 / 2), 0, 0),
0.25);
antenna.Add(via);
Simulation fdtd = new Simulation();
fdtd.Excitation = new GaussExcitation(2450e6, 500e6);
RectilinearGrid grid = new RectilinearGrid(); ;
grid.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 0));
grid.Add(pcb.P1);
grid.Add(pcb.P2);
/*
foreach (var v in antenna.antennaPoly)
{
grid.Add(new Vector3D(v.x, v.y, 0));
}
*/
grid.SmoothMesh(innerResolution);
grid.AddAirbox(airBox);
grid.SmoothMesh(outerResolution);
var nf2ff = new NF2FFBox("nf2ff",
new Vector3D(grid.XLines.First(), grid.YLines.First(), grid.ZLines.First()),
new Vector3D(grid.XLines.Last(), grid.YLines.Last(), grid.ZLines.Last()));
antenna.Add(nf2ff);
grid.AddPML(8);
XDocument doc = new XDocument(
new XDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", "yes"),
new XComment("Test XML file for CyPhy generated openEMS simulations"),
new XElement("openEMS",
fdtd.ToXElement(),
new XElement("ContinuousStructure",
new XAttribute("CoordSystem", 0),
antenna.ToXElement(),
grid.ToXElement()
)
)
);
doc.Save("Small_15x6mm.xml");
}
static void ExportAntenna_InvertedF()
{
double thickness = 0.01;
double airBox = 5.0;
double innerResolution = 0.5;
double outerResolution = 5.0;
var antenna = new CSXCAD.Antenna.InvertedF_2400MHz(thickness);
const double pcbThickness = 1.5;
var lumpedPort = new LumpedPort(90, 1, 50, new Vector3D(0.0, 0.0, -pcbThickness), new Vector3D(0.0, 0.0, 0), ENormDir.Z, true);
antenna.Add(lumpedPort);
double margin = 2.0;
double groundWidth = 5.0;
var p1 = new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P1.x-margin, -groundWidth-margin, -pcbThickness);
var p2 = new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P2.x+margin, antenna.BoundingBox.P2.y+margin, 0);
var substrate = new Dielectric("pcb", 3.38, 1e-3 * 2 * Math.PI * 2.45e9 * 3.38 * Material.Eps0);
substrate.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(10, 255, 10, 128);
substrate.FillColor = new Material.Color(10, 255, 10, 128);
var pcb = new CSXCAD.Box(null, substrate, 60, p1, p2);
//antenna.Add(pcb);
var topGround = new Metal("bottom-ground");
topGround.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(235, 148, 7, 255);
topGround.FillColor = topGround.EdgeColor;
var topGroundPlane = new CSXCAD.Box(null, topGround, 100,
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P1.x, 0, -pcbThickness),
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P2.x, -groundWidth, -pcbThickness));
antenna.Add(topGroundPlane);
var bottomGround = new Metal("top-ground");
bottomGround.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(235, 148, 7, 255);
bottomGround.FillColor = bottomGround.EdgeColor;
var topGroundPlaneLeft = new CSXCAD.Box(null, bottomGround, 100,
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P1.x, 0, 0),
new Vector3D(-0.46/2-0.45, -groundWidth, 0));
var topGroundPlaneRight = new CSXCAD.Box(null, bottomGround, 100,
new Vector3D(0.46/2+0.45, 0, 0),
new Vector3D(antenna.BoundingBox.P2.x, -groundWidth, 0));
antenna.Add(topGroundPlaneLeft);
antenna.Add(topGroundPlaneRight);
Simulation fdtd = new Simulation();
fdtd.Excitation = new GaussExcitation(2450e6, 500e6);
RectilinearGrid grid = new RectilinearGrid(); ;
grid.Add(new Vector3D(0,0,0));
grid.SmoothMesh(innerResolution);
grid.AddAirbox(airBox);
grid.SmoothMesh(outerResolution);
var nf2ff = new NF2FFBox("nf2ff",
new Vector3D(grid.XLines.First(), grid.YLines.First(), grid.ZLines.First()),
new Vector3D(grid.XLines.Last(), grid.YLines.Last(), grid.ZLines.Last()));
antenna.Add(nf2ff);
grid.AddPML(8);
XDocument doc = new XDocument(
new XDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", "yes"),
new XComment("Test XML file for CyPhy generated openEMS simulations"),
new XElement("openEMS",
fdtd.ToXElement(),
new XElement("ContinuousStructure",
new XAttribute("CoordSystem", 0),
antenna.ToXElement(),
grid.ToXElement()
)
)
);
doc.Save("InvertedF.xml");
}
public void DipoleSar_Sar_MatchesReference()
{
double f0 = 1e9;
double r = 50;
double refPin_f0 = 1.420492702441687e-027;
double refMaxvalue = 3.336527874272695e-026;
double[] freqs = Utility.LinearSpace(500e6, 1500e6, 501);
var lumpedPort = new LumpedPort(0, 1, r, new Vector3D(-10, -1, -1), new Vector3D(10, 1, 1), ENormDir.X, true);
lumpedPort.ReadResults(freqs);
double dutPin_f0 = lumpedPort.GetPFdInAt(f0);
string sarFileName = @"ref_dipole_sar_dump.h5";
var sarDump = new SAR(sarFileName);
Assert.Equal(String.Format("{0:e15}", refPin_f0), String.Format("{0:e15}", dutPin_f0));
Assert.Equal(String.Format("{0:e15}", refMaxvalue), String.Format("{0:e15}", sarDump.MaxValue));
Assert.Equal(String.Format("{0:e15}", refMaxvalue / refPin_f0), String.Format("{0:e15}", sarDump.MaxValue / dutPin_f0));
}
private XDocument BuildDipoleSarXml()
{
double unit = 1e-3;
double f0 = 1e9;
double c0 = 299792458.0;
double lambda0 = c0 / f0;
double fStop = 1.5e9;
double lambdaMin = c0 / fStop;
// Simulation engine
Simulation fdtd = new Simulation();
fdtd.Excitation = new GaussExcitation(0, fStop); // possible typo in Dipole_SAR.xml
// Simulation space
Compound s = new Compound("space");
// Dipole antenna
double dipoleLength = 0.46 * lambda0 / unit;
s.Add(new Box(null, new Metal("Dipole"), 1,
new Vector3D(0, 0, -dipoleLength / 2), new Vector3D(0, 0, dipoleLength / 2)));
// Phantom
Compound headPhantom = new Compound("head-phantom");
Dielectric skinMaterial = new Dielectric("skin", 50, kappa: 0.65, density: 1100);
skinMaterial.FillColor = new Material.Color(245, 215, 205, 250);
skinMaterial.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(255, 235, 217, 250);
Sphere skin = new Sphere(null, skinMaterial, 11, new Vector3D(), 1);
skin.Transformations.Add(new TScale(80, 100, 100));
headPhantom.Add(skin);
Dielectric boneMaterial = new Dielectric("headbone", 13, kappa: 0.1, density: 2000);
boneMaterial.FillColor = new Material.Color(227, 227, 227, 250);
boneMaterial.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(202, 202, 202, 250);
Sphere bone = new Sphere(null, boneMaterial, 12, new Vector3D(), 1);
bone.Transformations.Add(new TScale(75, 95, 95));
headPhantom.Add(bone);
Dielectric brainMaterial = new Dielectric("brain", 60, kappa: 0.7, density: 1040);
brainMaterial.FillColor = new Material.Color(255, 85, 127, 250);
brainMaterial.EdgeColor = new Material.Color(71, 222, 179, 250);
Sphere brain = new Sphere(null, brainMaterial, 13, new Vector3D(), 1);
brain.Transformations.Add(new TScale(65, 85, 85));
headPhantom.Add(brain);
headPhantom.Transformations.Add(new TTranslate(100, 0, 0));
s.Add(headPhantom);
// Excitation
double meshResAir = lambdaMin / 20 / unit;
double meshResPhantom = 2.5;
LumpedPort lp = new LumpedPort(100, 1, 50.0,
new Vector3D(-0.1, -0.1, -meshResPhantom / 2),
new Vector3D(+0.1, +0.1, +meshResPhantom / 2), ENormDir.Z, true);
s.Add(lp);
// Grid
RectilinearGrid g = new RectilinearGrid();
g.XLines.Add(0);
g.YLines.Add(0);
foreach (double z in new double[] { -1.0 / 3, 2.0 / 3 })
{
g.ZLines.Add(-dipoleLength / 2 - meshResPhantom * z);
g.ZLines.Add(+dipoleLength / 2 + meshResPhantom * z);
}
foreach (Sphere sp in new Sphere[] { skin, bone, brain })
{
g.XLines.Add(sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[0, 3] + sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[0, 0]);
g.XLines.Add(sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[0, 3] - sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[0, 0]);
g.YLines.Add(sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[1, 3] + sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[1, 1]);
g.YLines.Add(sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[1, 3] - sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[1, 1]);
g.ZLines.Add(sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[2, 3] + sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[2, 2]);
g.ZLines.Add(sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[2, 3] - sp.AbsoluteTransformation.Matrix[2, 2]);
}
g.ZLines.Add(-meshResPhantom / 2); // port
g.ZLines.Add(+meshResPhantom / 2);
// Mesh over dipole and phantom
g.SmoothMesh(meshResPhantom);
g.XLines.Add(-200);
g.XLines.Add(250 + 100);
g.YLines.Add(-250);
g.YLines.Add(+250);
g.ZLines.Add(-250);
g.ZLines.Add(+250);
g.SmoothMesh(meshResAir, 1.2);
s.Add(new SARBox("SAR", f0, new Vector3D(-10, -100, -100), new Vector3D(180, 100, 100)));
s.Add(new NF2FFBox("nf2ff",
new Vector3D(g.XLines.First(), g.YLines.First(), g.ZLines.First()),
new Vector3D(g.XLines.Last(), g.YLines.Last(), g.ZLines.Last()),
lambdaMin / 15 / unit));
g.AddPML(10);
g.XLines.Sort();
g.YLines.Sort();
g.ZLines.Sort();
// Export
return new XDocument(
new XDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", "yes"),
new XComment("Test XML file for CyPhy generated openEMS simulations"),
new XElement("openEMS",
fdtd.ToXElement(),
new XElement("ContinuousStructure",
new XAttribute("CoordSystem", 0),
s.ToXElement(),
g.ToXElement()
)
)
);
}
/// <summary>
/// The orientation of the non-tranformed LumpedPort and the normal
/// direction of its excitation vector should match.
/// </summary>
//[Fact(Skip="Disable output while developing other test cases")]
public void LumpedPort_WithoutTransformation_NormalDirectionCorrect()
{
Compound excitation = new Compound("Excitation");
LumpedPort lumpedPort = new LumpedPort(0, 1, 50, new Vector3D(), new Vector3D(1, 1, 1), ENormDir.X);
excitation.Add(lumpedPort);
Assert.True(false, "Test not implemented yet");
}
static void ProcessSAR(string inputFileName)
{
// Constants
XElement xDoc = XElement.Load(inputFileName);
double f0 = Convert.ToDouble(xDoc.Element("FDTD").Element("Excitation").Attribute("f0").Value);
var leQuery = from xe in xDoc.Element("ContinuousStructure").Element("Properties").Elements("LumpedElement")
where xe.Attribute("Name").Value.Contains("resist")
select xe;
double r = Convert.ToDouble(leQuery.First().Attribute("R").Value);
// Port calculations
double[] freqs = Utility.LinearSpace(f0 / 2, f0 * 3 / 2, 501);
var lumpedPort = new LumpedPort(0, 1, r, new Vector3D(-10, -1, -1), new Vector3D(10, 1, 1), ENormDir.X, true);
lumpedPort.ReadResults(freqs);
double Pin_f0 = lumpedPort.GetPFdInAt(f0);
Console.WriteLine();
// SAR
string sarFileName = @"SAR.h5";
var sarDump = new Postprocess.SAR(sarFileName);
double totalPower = HDF5.ReadAttribute(sarFileName, @"/FieldData/FD/f0", "power");
Console.WriteLine("Field maximum: {0:e4}", sarDump.MaxValue);
Console.WriteLine("Field maximum location: ({0})", String.Join(",", sarDump.MaxCoordinates.Select(x => String.Format("{0:f2}", x))));
Console.WriteLine("Exporting SAR dump slices to PNG files...");
string filenameSarX = "SAR-X.png";
string filenameSarY = "SAR-Y.png";
string filenameSarZ = "SAR-Z.png";
sarDump.ToPNG(filenameSarX, Postprocess.SAR.ENormDir.X, sarDump.MaxCoordinates[0]);
sarDump.ToPNG(filenameSarY, Postprocess.SAR.ENormDir.Y, sarDump.MaxCoordinates[1]);
sarDump.ToPNG(filenameSarZ, Postprocess.SAR.ENormDir.Z, sarDump.MaxCoordinates[2]);
Console.WriteLine("Exporting SAR to VTK file...");
sarDump.ToVTK(inputFileName);
// NF2FF
Console.WriteLine("Calculating antenna parameters...");
var nf2ff = new Postprocess.NF2FF(f0);
try
{
nf2ff.ReadHDF5Result();
Console.WriteLine("Maximum SAR: {0:f3} W/kg (normalized to 1 W accepted power)", sarDump.MaxValue / Pin_f0);
Console.WriteLine("Accepted power: {0:e4} W", Pin_f0);
Console.WriteLine("Radiated power: {0:e4} W", nf2ff.RadiatedPower);
Console.WriteLine("Absorbed power: {0:e4} W", totalPower);
Console.WriteLine("Power budget: {0:f3} %", 100 * (nf2ff.RadiatedPower + totalPower) / Pin_f0);
Console.WriteLine("Populating manifest file...");
var manifest = AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.OpenForUpdate(manifestPath);
// Initialize Metrics list if necessary
if (manifest.Metrics == null)
{
manifest.Metrics = new List<AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Metric>();
}
// Look for existing metric. Create a new one if not found.
string metricName = "SAR_max";
AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Metric metric = manifest.Metrics.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Name.Equals(metricName));
if (metric == null)
{
metric = new AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Metric()
{
Name = metricName
};
manifest.Metrics.Add(metric);
}
// Set metric attributes
metric.DisplayedName = "SAR maximum";
metric.Description = "Maximum Specific Absorption Ratio (SAR) averaged over volumes containing 1 gram of tissue.";
metric.Unit = "W/kg";
metric.Value = String.Format("{0:e4}", sarDump.MaxValue / Pin_f0);
metric.VisualizationArtifacts = new List<AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Artifact>();
metric.VisualizationArtifacts.Add(new AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Artifact() { Location = filenameSarX, Tag = "CyPhy2RF::SAR::X" });
metric.VisualizationArtifacts.Add(new AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Artifact() { Location = filenameSarY, Tag = "CyPhy2RF::SAR::Y" });
metric.VisualizationArtifacts.Add(new AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Artifact() { Location = filenameSarZ, Tag = "CyPhy2RF::SAR::Z" });
manifest.Serialize(manifestPath);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine("Error reading far-field results: {0}", e);
}
}
static void ProcessNF2FF(string inputFileName)
{
// Constants
XElement xDoc = XElement.Load(inputFileName);
double f0 = Convert.ToDouble(xDoc.Element("FDTD").Element("Excitation").Attribute("f0").Value);
var leQuery = from xe in xDoc.Element("ContinuousStructure").Element("Properties").Elements("LumpedElement")
where xe.Attribute("Name").Value.Contains("resist")
select xe;
double r = Convert.ToDouble(leQuery.First().Attribute("R").Value);
// Port calculations
double[] freqs = Utility.LinearSpace(f0 / 2, f0 * 3 / 2, 501);
var antennaPort = new LumpedPort(0, 1, r, new Vector3D(-10, -1, -1), new Vector3D(10, 1, 1), ENormDir.X, true);
antennaPort.ReadResults(freqs);
double Pin_f0 = antennaPort.GetPFdInAt(f0);
// NF2FF
var nf2ff = new Postprocess.NF2FF(f0);
try
{
nf2ff.ReadHDF5Result();
nf2ff.ToVTK(fileName: "directivity_pattern.vtk");
Console.WriteLine("Radiated power: {0,15:e4} W", nf2ff.RadiatedPower);
Console.WriteLine("Directivity (max): {0,15:e4} dBi", 10.0*Math.Log10(nf2ff.Directivity));
var manifest = AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.OpenForUpdate(manifestPath);
// Initialize Metrics list if necessary
if (manifest.Metrics == null)
{
manifest.Metrics = new List<AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Metric>();
}
// Look for existing metric. Create a new one if not found.
string metricName = "Directivity";
AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Metric metric = manifest.Metrics.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Name.Equals(metricName));
if (metric == null)
{
metric = new AVM.DDP.MetaTBManifest.Metric()
{
Name = metricName
};
manifest.Metrics.Add(metric);
}
// Set metric attributes
metric.DisplayedName = "Antenna directivity";
metric.Description = "Antenna directivity.";
metric.Unit = "dBi";
metric.Value = String.Format("{0:e4}", 10.0 * Math.Log10(nf2ff.Directivity));
manifest.Serialize(manifestPath);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine("Error reading far-field results: {0}", e);
}
}
