Beispiel #1
0
        private static S1ChordAngle GetMaxDistanceToEdgeBruteForce(S2Cell cell, S2Point a, S2Point b)
        {
            // If any antipodal endpoint is within the cell, the max distance is Pi.
            if (cell.Contains(-a) || cell.Contains(-b))
            {
                return(S1ChordAngle.Straight);
            }

            S1ChordAngle max_dist = S1ChordAngle.Negative;

            for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
            {
                S2Point v0 = cell.Vertex(i);
                S2Point v1 = cell.Vertex(i + 1);
                // If the antipodal edge crosses through the cell, max distance is Pi.
                if (S2.CrossingSign(-a, -b, v0, v1) >= 0)
                {
                    return(S1ChordAngle.Straight);
                }
                S2.UpdateMaxDistance(a, v0, v1, ref max_dist);
                S2.UpdateMaxDistance(b, v0, v1, ref max_dist);
                S2.UpdateMaxDistance(v0, a, b, ref max_dist);
            }
            return(max_dist);
        }
Beispiel #2
0
        private static S1ChordAngle GetDistanceToEdgeBruteForce(S2Cell cell, S2Point a, S2Point b)
        {
            if (cell.Contains(a) || cell.Contains(b))
            {
                return(S1ChordAngle.Zero);
            }

            S1ChordAngle min_dist = S1ChordAngle.Infinity;

            for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
            {
                S2Point v0 = cell.Vertex(i);
                S2Point v1 = cell.Vertex(i + 1);
                // If the edge crosses through the cell, max distance is 0.
                if (S2.CrossingSign(a, b, v0, v1) >= 0)
                {
                    return(S1ChordAngle.Zero);
                }
                S2.UpdateMinDistance(a, v0, v1, ref min_dist);
                S2.UpdateMinDistance(b, v0, v1, ref min_dist);
                S2.UpdateMinDistance(v0, a, b, ref min_dist);
            }
            return(min_dist);
        }
Beispiel #3
0
        private static S1ChordAngle GetMaxDistanceToPointBruteForce(S2Cell cell, S2Point target)
        {
            if (cell.Contains(-target))
            {
                return(S1ChordAngle.Straight);
            }
            S1ChordAngle max_distance = S1ChordAngle.Negative;

            for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
            {
                S2.UpdateMaxDistance(target, cell.Vertex(i),
                                     cell.Vertex(i + 1), ref max_distance);
            }
            return(max_distance);
        }
        public void testCellOps(S2LatLngRect r, S2Cell cell, int level)
        {
            // Test the relationship between the given rectangle and cell:
            // 0 == no intersection, 1 == MayIntersect, 2 == Intersects,
            // 3 == Vertex Containment, 4 == Contains

            var vertexContained = false;
            for (var i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
            {
                if (r.Contains(cell.GetVertexRaw(i))
                    || (!r.IsEmpty && cell.Contains(r.GetVertex(i).ToPoint())))
                {
                    vertexContained = true;
                }
            }
            assertEquals(r.MayIntersect(cell), level >= 1);
            assertEquals(r.Intersects(cell), level >= 2);
            assertEquals(vertexContained, level >= 3);
            assertEquals(r.Contains(cell), level >= 4);
        }
Beispiel #5
0
    private static void TestCellOps(S2LatLngRect r, S2Cell cell, int level)
    {
        // Test the relationship between the given rectangle and cell:
        // 0 == no intersection, 1 == MayIntersect, 2 == Intersects,
        // 3 == Vertex Containment, 4 == Contains

        bool vertex_contained = false;

        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
        {
            if (r.Contains(cell.VertexRaw(i)) ||
                (!r.IsEmpty() && cell.Contains(r.Vertex(i).ToPoint())))
            {
                vertex_contained = true;
            }
        }
        Assert.Equal(r.MayIntersect(cell), level >= 1);
        Assert.Equal(r.Intersects(cell), level >= 2);
        Assert.Equal(vertex_contained, level >= 3);
        Assert.Equal(r.Contains(cell), level >= 4);
    }
        public void testCellOps(S2LatLngRect r, S2Cell cell, int level)
        {
            // Test the relationship between the given rectangle and cell:
            // 0 == no intersection, 1 == MayIntersect, 2 == Intersects,
            // 3 == Vertex Containment, 4 == Contains

            var vertexContained = false;

            for (var i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
            {
                if (r.Contains(cell.GetVertexRaw(i)) ||
                    (!r.IsEmpty && cell.Contains(r.GetVertex(i).ToPoint())))
                {
                    vertexContained = true;
                }
            }
            assertEquals(r.MayIntersect(cell), level >= 1);
            assertEquals(r.Intersects(cell), level >= 2);
            assertEquals(vertexContained, level >= 3);
            assertEquals(r.Contains(cell), level >= 4);
        }
        public void testSubdivide(S2Cell cell)
        {
            gatherStats(cell);
            if (cell.IsLeaf)
            {
                return;
            }

            var children = new S2Cell[4];

            for (var i = 0; i < children.Length; ++i)
            {
                children[i] = new S2Cell();
            }
            Assert.True(cell.Subdivide(children));
            var    childId     = cell.Id.ChildBegin;
            double exactArea   = 0;
            double approxArea  = 0;
            double averageArea = 0;

            for (var i = 0; i < 4; ++i, childId = childId.Next)
            {
                exactArea   += children[i].ExactArea();
                approxArea  += children[i].ApproxArea();
                averageArea += children[i].AverageArea();

                // Check that the child geometry is consistent with its cell id.
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Id, childId);
                Assert.True(children[i].Center.ApproxEquals(childId.ToPoint(), 1e-15));
                var direct = new S2Cell(childId);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Face, direct.Face);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Level, direct.Level);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Orientation, direct.Orientation);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].CenterRaw, direct.CenterRaw);
                for (var k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
                {
                    JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].GetVertexRaw(k), direct.GetVertexRaw(k));
                    JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].GetEdgeRaw(k), direct.GetEdgeRaw(k));
                }

                // Test Contains() and MayIntersect().
                Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i]));
                Assert.True(cell.MayIntersect(children[i]));
                Assert.True(!children[i].Contains(cell));
                Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw));
                for (var j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                    if (j != i)
                    {
                        Assert.True(!children[i].Contains(children[j].CenterRaw));
                        Assert.True(!children[i].MayIntersect(children[j]));
                    }
                }

                // Test GetCapBound and GetRectBound.
                var parentCap  = cell.CapBound;
                var parentRect = cell.RectBound;
                if (cell.Contains(new S2Point(0, 0, 1)) ||
                    cell.Contains(new S2Point(0, 0, -1)))
                {
                    Assert.True(parentRect.Lng.IsFull);
                }
                var childCap  = children[i].CapBound;
                var childRect = children[i].RectBound;
                Assert.True(childCap.Contains(children[i].Center));
                Assert.True(childRect.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw));
                Assert.True(parentCap.Contains(children[i].Center));
                Assert.True(parentRect.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw));
                for (var j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    Assert.True(childCap.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(childRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(childRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                    Assert.True(parentCap.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    if (!parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("cell: " + cell + " i: " + i + " j: " + j);
                        Console.WriteLine("Children " + i + ": " + children[i]);
                        Console.WriteLine("Parent rect: " + parentRect);
                        Console.WriteLine("Vertex raw(j) " + children[i].GetVertex(j));
                        Console.WriteLine("Latlng of vertex: " + new S2LatLng(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                        Console.WriteLine("RectBound: " + cell.RectBound);
                    }
                    Assert.True(parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    if (!parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("cell: " + cell + " i: " + i + " j: " + j);
                        Console.WriteLine("Children " + i + ": " + children[i]);
                        Console.WriteLine("Parent rect: " + parentRect);
                        Console.WriteLine("Vertex raw(j) " + children[i].GetVertexRaw(j));
                        Console.WriteLine("Latlng of vertex: " + new S2LatLng(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                        Console.WriteLine("RectBound: " + cell.RectBound);
                    }
                    Assert.True(parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                    if (j != i)
                    {
                        // The bounding caps and rectangles should be tight enough so that
                        // they exclude at least two vertices of each adjacent cell.
                        var capCount  = 0;
                        var rectCount = 0;
                        for (var k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
                        {
                            if (childCap.Contains(children[j].GetVertex(k)))
                            {
                                ++capCount;
                            }
                            if (childRect.Contains(children[j].GetVertexRaw(k)))
                            {
                                ++rectCount;
                            }
                        }
                        Assert.True(capCount <= 2);
                        if (childRect.LatLo.Radians > -S2.PiOver2 &&
                            childRect.LatHi.Radians < S2.PiOver2)
                        {
                            // Bounding rectangles may be too large at the poles because the
                            // pole itself has an arbitrary fixed longitude.
                            Assert.True(rectCount <= 2);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // Check all children for the first few levels, and then sample randomly.
                // Also subdivide one corner cell, one edge cell, and one center cell
                // so that we have a better chance of sample the minimum metric values.
                var forceSubdivide = false;
                var center         = S2Projections.GetNorm(children[i].Face);
                var edge           = center + S2Projections.GetUAxis(children[i].Face);
                var corner         = edge + S2Projections.GetVAxis(children[i].Face);
                for (var j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    var p = children[i].GetVertexRaw(j);
                    if (p.Equals(center) || p.Equals(edge) || p.Equals(corner))
                    {
                        forceSubdivide = true;
                    }
                }
                if (forceSubdivide || cell.Level < (DEBUG_MODE ? 5 : 6) ||
                    random(DEBUG_MODE ? 10 : 4) == 0)
                {
                    testSubdivide(children[i]);
                }
            }

            // Check sum of child areas equals parent area.
            //
            // For ExactArea(), the best relative error we can expect is about 1e-6
            // because the precision of the unit vector coordinates is only about 1e-15
            // and the edge length of a leaf cell is about 1e-9.
            //
            // For ApproxArea(), the areas are accurate to within a few percent.
            //
            // For AverageArea(), the areas themselves are not very accurate, but
            // the average area of a parent is exactly 4 times the area of a child.

            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(exactArea / cell.ExactArea())) <= Math
                        .Abs(Math.Log(1 + 1e-6)));
            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(approxArea / cell.ApproxArea())) <= Math
                        .Abs(Math.Log(1.03)));
            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(averageArea / cell.AverageArea())) <= Math
                        .Abs(Math.Log(1 + 1e-15)));
        }
Beispiel #8
0
        static void TestSubdivide(S2Cell cell)
        {
            GatherStats(cell);
            if (cell.IsLeaf())
            {
                return;
            }

            var children = new S2Cell[4];

            Assert.True(cell.Subdivide(children));
            S2CellId child_id     = cell.Id.ChildBegin();
            double   exact_area   = 0;
            double   approx_area  = 0;
            double   average_area = 0;

            for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i, child_id = child_id.Next())
            {
                exact_area   += children[i].ExactArea();
                approx_area  += children[i].ApproxArea();
                average_area += children[i].AverageArea();

                // Check that the child geometry is consistent with its cell ID.
                Assert.Equal(child_id, children[i].Id);
                Assert.True(S2.ApproxEquals(children[i].Center(), child_id.ToPoint()));
                S2Cell direct = new(child_id);
                Assert.Equal(direct.Face, children[i].Face);
                Assert.Equal(direct.Level, children[i].Level);
                Assert.Equal(direct.Orientation, children[i].Orientation);
                Assert.Equal(direct.CenterRaw(), children[i].CenterRaw());
                for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
                {
                    Assert.Equal(direct.VertexRaw(k), children[i].VertexRaw(k));
                    Assert.Equal(direct.EdgeRaw(k), children[i].EdgeRaw(k));
                }

                // Test Contains() and MayIntersect().
                Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i]));
                Assert.True(cell.MayIntersect(children[i]));
                Assert.False(children[i].Contains(cell));
                Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw()));
                for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i].VertexRaw(j)));
                    if (j != i)
                    {
                        Assert.False(children[i].Contains(children[j].CenterRaw()));
                        Assert.False(children[i].MayIntersect(children[j]));
                    }
                }

                // Test GetCapBound and GetRectBound.
                S2Cap        parent_cap  = cell.GetCapBound();
                S2LatLngRect parent_rect = cell.GetRectBound();
                if (cell.Contains(new S2Point(0, 0, 1)) || cell.Contains(new S2Point(0, 0, -1)))
                {
                    Assert.True(parent_rect.Lng.IsFull());
                }
                S2Cap        child_cap  = children[i].GetCapBound();
                S2LatLngRect child_rect = children[i].GetRectBound();
                Assert.True(child_cap.Contains(children[i].Center()));
                Assert.True(child_rect.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw()));
                Assert.True(parent_cap.Contains(children[i].Center()));
                Assert.True(parent_rect.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw()));
                for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    Assert.True(child_cap.Contains(children[i].Vertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(child_rect.Contains(children[i].Vertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(child_rect.Contains(children[i].VertexRaw(j)));
                    Assert.True(parent_cap.Contains(children[i].Vertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(parent_rect.Contains(children[i].Vertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(parent_rect.Contains(children[i].VertexRaw(j)));
                    if (j != i)
                    {
                        // The bounding caps and rectangles should be tight enough so that
                        // they exclude at least two vertices of each adjacent cell.
                        int cap_count  = 0;
                        int rect_count = 0;
                        for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
                        {
                            if (child_cap.Contains(children[j].Vertex(k)))
                            {
                                ++cap_count;
                            }
                            if (child_rect.Contains(children[j].VertexRaw(k)))
                            {
                                ++rect_count;
                            }
                        }
                        Assert.True(cap_count <= 2);
                        if (child_rect.LatLo().Radians > -S2.M_PI_2 &&
                            child_rect.LatHi().Radians < S2.M_PI_2)
                        {
                            // Bounding rectangles may be too large at the poles because the
                            // pole itself has an arbitrary fixed longitude.
                            Assert.True(rect_count <= 2);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // Check all children for the first few levels, and then sample randomly.
                // We also always subdivide the cells containing a few chosen points so
                // that we have a better chance of sampling the minimum and maximum metric
                // values.  kMaxSizeUV is the absolute value of the u- and v-coordinate
                // where the cell size at a given level is maximal.
                double    kMaxSizeUV = 0.3964182625366691;
                R2Point[] special_uv =
                {
                    new R2Point(S2.DoubleEpsilon, S2.DoubleEpsilon), // Face center
                    new R2Point(S2.DoubleEpsilon, 1),                // Edge midpoint
                    new R2Point(1, 1),                               // Face corner
                    new R2Point(kMaxSizeUV, kMaxSizeUV),             // Largest cell area
                    new R2Point(S2.DoubleEpsilon, kMaxSizeUV),       // Longest edge/diagonal
                };
                bool force_subdivide = false;
                foreach (R2Point uv in special_uv)
                {
                    if (children[i].BoundUV.Contains(uv))
                    {
                        force_subdivide = true;
                    }
                }

                var debugFlag =
#if s2debug
                    true;
#else
                    false;
#endif

                if (force_subdivide ||
                    cell.Level < (debugFlag ? 5 : 6) ||
                    S2Testing.Random.OneIn(debugFlag ? 5 : 4))
                {
                    TestSubdivide(children[i]);
                }
            }

            // Check sum of child areas equals parent area.
            //
            // For ExactArea(), the best relative error we can expect is about 1e-6
            // because the precision of the unit vector coordinates is only about 1e-15
            // and the edge length of a leaf cell is about 1e-9.
            //
            // For ApproxArea(), the areas are accurate to within a few percent.
            //
            // For AverageArea(), the areas themselves are not very accurate, but
            // the average area of a parent is exactly 4 times the area of a child.

            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(exact_area / cell.ExactArea())) <= Math.Abs(Math.Log((1 + 1e-6))));
            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log((approx_area / cell.ApproxArea()))) <= Math.Abs(Math.Log((1.03))));
            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log((average_area / cell.AverageArea()))) <= Math.Abs(Math.Log((1 + 1e-15))));
        }
        public void testSubdivide(S2Cell cell)
        {
            gatherStats(cell);
            if (cell.IsLeaf)
            {
                return;
            }

            var children = new S2Cell[4];
            for (var i = 0; i < children.Length; ++i)
            {
                children[i] = new S2Cell();
            }
            Assert.True(cell.Subdivide(children));
            var childId = cell.Id.ChildBegin;
            double exactArea = 0;
            double approxArea = 0;
            double averageArea = 0;
            for (var i = 0; i < 4; ++i, childId = childId.Next)
            {
                exactArea += children[i].ExactArea();
                approxArea += children[i].ApproxArea();
                averageArea += children[i].AverageArea();

                // Check that the child geometry is consistent with its cell id.
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Id, childId);
                Assert.True(children[i].Center.ApproxEquals(childId.ToPoint(), 1e-15));
                var direct = new S2Cell(childId);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Face, direct.Face);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Level, direct.Level);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].Orientation, direct.Orientation);
                JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].CenterRaw, direct.CenterRaw);
                for (var k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
                {
                    JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].GetVertexRaw(k), direct.GetVertexRaw(k));
                    JavaAssert.Equal(children[i].GetEdgeRaw(k), direct.GetEdgeRaw(k));
                }

                // Test Contains() and MayIntersect().
                Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i]));
                Assert.True(cell.MayIntersect(children[i]));
                Assert.True(!children[i].Contains(cell));
                Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw));
                for (var j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    Assert.True(cell.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                    if (j != i)
                    {
                        Assert.True(!children[i].Contains(children[j].CenterRaw));
                        Assert.True(!children[i].MayIntersect(children[j]));
                    }
                }

                // Test GetCapBound and GetRectBound.
                var parentCap = cell.CapBound;
                var parentRect = cell.RectBound;
                if (cell.Contains(new S2Point(0, 0, 1))
                    || cell.Contains(new S2Point(0, 0, -1)))
                {
                    Assert.True(parentRect.Lng.IsFull);
                }
                var childCap = children[i].CapBound;
                var childRect = children[i].RectBound;
                Assert.True(childCap.Contains(children[i].Center));
                Assert.True(childRect.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw));
                Assert.True(parentCap.Contains(children[i].Center));
                Assert.True(parentRect.Contains(children[i].CenterRaw));
                for (var j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    Assert.True(childCap.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(childRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    Assert.True(childRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                    Assert.True(parentCap.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    if (!parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("cell: " + cell + " i: " + i + " j: " + j);
                        Console.WriteLine("Children " + i + ": " + children[i]);
                        Console.WriteLine("Parent rect: " + parentRect);
                        Console.WriteLine("Vertex raw(j) " + children[i].GetVertex(j));
                        Console.WriteLine("Latlng of vertex: " + new S2LatLng(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                        Console.WriteLine("RectBound: " + cell.RectBound);
                    }
                    Assert.True(parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertex(j)));
                    if (!parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("cell: " + cell + " i: " + i + " j: " + j);
                        Console.WriteLine("Children " + i + ": " + children[i]);
                        Console.WriteLine("Parent rect: " + parentRect);
                        Console.WriteLine("Vertex raw(j) " + children[i].GetVertexRaw(j));
                        Console.WriteLine("Latlng of vertex: " + new S2LatLng(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                        Console.WriteLine("RectBound: " + cell.RectBound);
                    }
                    Assert.True(parentRect.Contains(children[i].GetVertexRaw(j)));
                    if (j != i)
                    {
                        // The bounding caps and rectangles should be tight enough so that
                        // they exclude at least two vertices of each adjacent cell.
                        var capCount = 0;
                        var rectCount = 0;
                        for (var k = 0; k < 4; ++k)
                        {
                            if (childCap.Contains(children[j].GetVertex(k)))
                            {
                                ++capCount;
                            }
                            if (childRect.Contains(children[j].GetVertexRaw(k)))
                            {
                                ++rectCount;
                            }
                        }
                        Assert.True(capCount <= 2);
                        if (childRect.LatLo.Radians > -S2.PiOver2
                            && childRect.LatHi.Radians < S2.PiOver2)
                        {
                            // Bounding rectangles may be too large at the poles because the
                            // pole itself has an arbitrary fixed longitude.
                            Assert.True(rectCount <= 2);
                        }
                    }
                }

                // Check all children for the first few levels, and then sample randomly.
                // Also subdivide one corner cell, one edge cell, and one center cell
                // so that we have a better chance of sample the minimum metric values.
                var forceSubdivide = false;
                var center = S2Projections.GetNorm(children[i].Face);
                var edge = center + S2Projections.GetUAxis(children[i].Face);
                var corner = edge + S2Projections.GetVAxis(children[i].Face);
                for (var j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
                {
                    var p = children[i].GetVertexRaw(j);
                    if (p.Equals(center) || p.Equals(edge) || p.Equals(corner))
                    {
                        forceSubdivide = true;
                    }
                }
                if (forceSubdivide || cell.Level < (DEBUG_MODE ? 5 : 6)
                    || random(DEBUG_MODE ? 10 : 4) == 0)
                {
                    testSubdivide(children[i]);
                }
            }

            // Check sum of child areas equals parent area.
            //
            // For ExactArea(), the best relative error we can expect is about 1e-6
            // because the precision of the unit vector coordinates is only about 1e-15
            // and the edge length of a leaf cell is about 1e-9.
            //
            // For ApproxArea(), the areas are accurate to within a few percent.
            //
            // For AverageArea(), the areas themselves are not very accurate, but
            // the average area of a parent is exactly 4 times the area of a child.

            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(exactArea/cell.ExactArea())) <= Math
                                                                              .Abs(Math.Log(1 + 1e-6)));
            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(approxArea/cell.ApproxArea())) <= Math
                                                                                .Abs(Math.Log(1.03)));
            Assert.True(Math.Abs(Math.Log(averageArea/cell.AverageArea())) <= Math
                                                                                  .Abs(Math.Log(1 + 1e-15)));
        }