public List <RandomVariable> forward_backward(List <String> perceptions)
{
RandomVariable[] forwardMessages = new RandomVariable[perceptions
.Count + 1];
RandomVariable backwardMessage = priorDistribution.createUnitBelief();
RandomVariable[] smoothedBeliefs = new RandomVariable[perceptions
.Count + 1];
forwardMessages[0] = priorDistribution;
smoothedBeliefs[0] = null;
// populate forward messages
for (int i = 0; i < perceptions.Count; i++)
{ // N.B i starts at 1,
// not zero
forwardMessages[i + 1] = forward(forwardMessages[i], perceptions[i]);
}
for (int i = perceptions.Count; i > 0; i--)
{
RandomVariable smoothed = priorDistribution.duplicate();
smoothed.updateFrom(forwardMessages[i].asMatrix().arrayTimes(
backwardMessage.asMatrix()));
smoothed.normalize();
smoothedBeliefs[i] = smoothed;
backwardMessage = calculate_next_backward_message(
forwardMessages[i], backwardMessage, perceptions[i - 1]);
}
return(new List <RandomVariable>(smoothedBeliefs));
}
public RandomVariable calculate_next_backward_message(
RandomVariable forwardBelief,
RandomVariable present_backward_message, String perception)
{
RandomVariable result = present_backward_message.duplicate();
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-calculating new backward message");
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-diagonal matrix from sens model = ");
Matrix oMatrix = _sensorModel.asMatrix(perception);
// System.Console.WriteLine(oMatrix);
Matrix transitionMatrix = _transitionModel.asMatrix();// action
// should
// be
// passed
// in
// here?
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-present backward message = "
// +present_backward_message);
Matrix backwardMatrix = transitionMatrix.times(oMatrix
.times(present_backward_message.asMatrix()));
Matrix resultMatrix = backwardMatrix.arrayTimes(forwardBelief
.asMatrix());
result.updateFrom(resultMatrix);
result.normalize();
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-normalized new backward message = "
// +result);
return(result);
}
public RandomVariable calculate_next_backward_message(
RandomVariable forwardBelief,
RandomVariable present_backward_message, String perception)
{
RandomVariable result = present_backward_message.duplicate();
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-calculating new backward message");
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-diagonal matrix from sens model = ");
Matrix oMatrix = _sensorModel.asMatrix(perception);
// System.Console.WriteLine(oMatrix);
Matrix transitionMatrix = _transitionModel.asMatrix();// action
// should
// be
// passed
// in
// here?
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-present backward message = "
// +present_backward_message);
Matrix backwardMatrix = transitionMatrix.times(oMatrix
.times(present_backward_message.asMatrix()));
Matrix resultMatrix = backwardMatrix.arrayTimes(forwardBelief
.asMatrix());
result.updateFrom(resultMatrix);
result.normalize();
// System.Console.WriteLine("fb :-normalized new backward message = "
// +result);
return result;
}
public RandomVariable predict(RandomVariable aBelief, String action)
{
RandomVariable newBelief = aBelief.duplicate();
Matrix beliefMatrix = aBelief.asMatrix();
Matrix transitionMatrix = _transitionModel.asMatrix(action);
Matrix predicted = transitionMatrix.transpose().times(beliefMatrix);
newBelief.updateFrom(predicted);
return newBelief;
}
public RandomVariable predict(RandomVariable aBelief, String action)
{
RandomVariable newBelief = aBelief.duplicate();
Matrix beliefMatrix = aBelief.asMatrix();
Matrix transitionMatrix = _transitionModel.asMatrix(action);
Matrix predicted = transitionMatrix.transpose().times(beliefMatrix);
newBelief.updateFrom(predicted);
return(newBelief);
}
public void testRecursiveBackwardMessageCalculationIsCorrect()
{
RandomVariable afterOneStep = rainmanHmm.forward(rainmanHmm.prior(),
HmmConstants.DO_NOTHING, HmmConstants.SEE_UMBRELLA);
RandomVariable afterTwoSteps = rainmanHmm.forward(afterOneStep,
HmmConstants.DO_NOTHING, HmmConstants.SEE_UMBRELLA);
RandomVariable postSequence = afterTwoSteps.duplicate()
.createUnitBelief();
RandomVariable smoothed = rainmanHmm.calculate_next_backward_message(
afterOneStep, postSequence, HmmConstants.SEE_UMBRELLA);
Assert.AreEqual(0.883, smoothed
.getProbabilityOf(HmmConstants.RAINING), TOLERANCE);
Assert.AreEqual(0.117, smoothed
.getProbabilityOf(HmmConstants.NOT_RAINING), TOLERANCE);
}
public RandomVariable perceptionUpdate(RandomVariable aBelief,
String perception)
{
RandomVariable newBelief = aBelief.duplicate();
// one way - use matrices
Matrix beliefMatrix = aBelief.asMatrix();
Matrix o_matrix = _sensorModel.asMatrix(perception);
Matrix updated = o_matrix.times(beliefMatrix);
newBelief.updateFrom(updated);
newBelief.normalize();
return newBelief;
// alternate way of doing this. clearer in intent.
// for (String state : aBelief.states()){
// double probabilityOfPerception= sensorModel.get(state,perception);
// newBelief.setProbabilityOf(state,probabilityOfPerception *
// aBelief.getProbabilityOf(state));
// }
}
public RandomVariable perceptionUpdate(RandomVariable aBelief,
String perception)
{
RandomVariable newBelief = aBelief.duplicate();
// one way - use matrices
Matrix beliefMatrix = aBelief.asMatrix();
Matrix o_matrix = _sensorModel.asMatrix(perception);
Matrix updated = o_matrix.times(beliefMatrix);
newBelief.updateFrom(updated);
newBelief.normalize();
return(newBelief);
// alternate way of doing this. clearer in intent.
// for (String state : aBelief.states()){
// double probabilityOfPerception= sensorModel.get(state,perception);
// newBelief.setProbabilityOf(state,probabilityOfPerception *
// aBelief.getProbabilityOf(state));
// }
}
