IssuedSecurityTokenProvider CreateIssuedSecurityTokenProvider(InitiatorServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement initiatorRequirement, FederatedClientCredentialsParameters actAsOnBehalfOfParameters)
        {
            if (initiatorRequirement.TargetAddress == null)
            {
                throw DiagnosticUtility.ExceptionUtility.ThrowHelperArgument(SR.GetString(SR.TokenRequirementDoesNotSpecifyTargetAddress, initiatorRequirement));
            }
            SecurityBindingElement securityBindingElement = initiatorRequirement.SecurityBindingElement;
            if (securityBindingElement == null)
            {
                throw DiagnosticUtility.ExceptionUtility.ThrowHelperArgument(SR.GetString(SR.TokenProviderRequiresSecurityBindingElement, initiatorRequirement));
            }

            EndpointAddress issuerAddress = initiatorRequirement.IssuerAddress;
            Binding issuerBinding = initiatorRequirement.IssuerBinding;

            //
            // If the issuer address is indeed anonymous or null, we will try the local issuer
            //
            bool isLocalIssuer = (issuerAddress == null || issuerAddress.Equals(EndpointAddress.AnonymousAddress));

            if (isLocalIssuer)
            {
                issuerAddress = parent.IssuedToken.LocalIssuerAddress;
                issuerBinding = parent.IssuedToken.LocalIssuerBinding;
            }
            if (issuerAddress == null)
            {
                // if issuer address is still null then the user forgot to specify the local issuer
                throw DiagnosticUtility.ExceptionUtility.ThrowHelperError(new InvalidOperationException(SR.GetString(SR.StsAddressNotSet, initiatorRequirement.TargetAddress)));
            }
            if (issuerBinding == null)
            {
                throw DiagnosticUtility.ExceptionUtility.ThrowHelperError(new InvalidOperationException(SR.GetString(SR.StsBindingNotSet, issuerAddress)));
            }

            Uri issuerUri = issuerAddress.Uri;
            KeyedByTypeCollection<IEndpointBehavior> issuerChannelBehaviors;
            if (!parent.IssuedToken.IssuerChannelBehaviors.TryGetValue(issuerAddress.Uri, out issuerChannelBehaviors) && isLocalIssuer)
            {
                issuerChannelBehaviors = parent.IssuedToken.LocalIssuerChannelBehaviors;
            }

            IssuedSecurityTokenProvider federationTokenProvider = new IssuedSecurityTokenProvider(GetCredentialsHandle(initiatorRequirement));
            federationTokenProvider.TokenHandlerCollectionManager = this.parent.SecurityTokenHandlerCollectionManager;
            federationTokenProvider.TargetAddress = initiatorRequirement.TargetAddress;
            CopyIssuerChannelBehaviorsAndAddSecurityCredentials(federationTokenProvider, issuerChannelBehaviors, issuerAddress);
            federationTokenProvider.CacheIssuedTokens = parent.IssuedToken.CacheIssuedTokens;
            federationTokenProvider.IdentityVerifier = securityBindingElement.LocalClientSettings.IdentityVerifier;
            federationTokenProvider.IssuerAddress = issuerAddress;
            federationTokenProvider.IssuerBinding = issuerBinding;
            federationTokenProvider.KeyEntropyMode = GetIssuerBindingKeyEntropyModeOrDefault(issuerBinding);
            federationTokenProvider.MaxIssuedTokenCachingTime = parent.IssuedToken.MaxIssuedTokenCachingTime;
            federationTokenProvider.SecurityAlgorithmSuite = initiatorRequirement.SecurityAlgorithmSuite;
            MessageSecurityVersion issuerSecurityVersion;
            SecurityTokenSerializer issuerSecurityTokenSerializer;
            IssuedSecurityTokenParameters issuedTokenParameters = initiatorRequirement.GetProperty<IssuedSecurityTokenParameters>(ServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement.IssuedSecurityTokenParametersProperty);

            GetIssuerBindingSecurityVersion(issuerBinding, issuedTokenParameters.DefaultMessageSecurityVersion, initiatorRequirement.SecurityBindingElement, out issuerSecurityVersion, out issuerSecurityTokenSerializer);
            federationTokenProvider.MessageSecurityVersion = issuerSecurityVersion;
            federationTokenProvider.SecurityTokenSerializer = issuerSecurityTokenSerializer;
            federationTokenProvider.IssuedTokenRenewalThresholdPercentage = parent.IssuedToken.IssuedTokenRenewalThresholdPercentage;

            IEnumerable<XmlElement> tokenRequestParameters = issuedTokenParameters.CreateRequestParameters(issuerSecurityVersion, issuerSecurityTokenSerializer);
            if (tokenRequestParameters != null)
            {
                foreach (XmlElement requestParameter in tokenRequestParameters)
                {
                    federationTokenProvider.TokenRequestParameters.Add(requestParameter);
                }
            }
            ChannelParameterCollection channelParameters;
            if (initiatorRequirement.TryGetProperty<ChannelParameterCollection>(ServiceModelSecurityTokenRequirement.ChannelParametersCollectionProperty, out channelParameters))
            {
                federationTokenProvider.ChannelParameters = channelParameters;
            }

            federationTokenProvider.SetupActAsOnBehalfOfParameters(actAsOnBehalfOfParameters);
            return federationTokenProvider;
        }