Comments: // Single line ... /* Multiline 8?

String => alphanumeric ( defaults to "") int => 2 billion to - 2 billion ( defaults to 0) double => fractional value (defaults to 0.0) bool => true or false (defaults to false)

More: http://is.gd/data_types

Implicit conversions - smaller type to larger type without data loss, "upcasting"

Explicit conversions - require developer intervention, possibility of data loss, "downcasting", either in the form of cast or using a helper method.

Casting numbers: int myInteger = (int)myDouble;

Numbers to strings: string myString = myInteger.ToString();

String to Numbers: int myInteger = int.Parse(myString);

More: http://is.gd/datatype_conversion

= NOT equality, it's assignment

Math Operators: + - * /

Addition Assignment total = total + 5; total +=5;

Increment Operator: i++; Decrement Operator: i--;

Beware of order of precedence (use parenthesis) Beware of down casting (you'll lose precision) Beware of Overflow (use bigger types)

to make overflow throw an exception:

checked { // some arithmetic operation // that could potentially overflow }

http://is.gd/operators

Operands - variable names, object / server control names, literals - "nouns" (you name these)

Operators - "verbs ... they act on operands.

http://is.gd/operators

Expressions- one or more operands and zero or more operators that evaluate to a single value

http://is.gd/expressions

Statements - a complete instruction - assignment of an expression to a variable, an increment/ decrement , etc.

http://is.gd.statement

Statements must end in a semi- colon ; Whitespace is ignored (use for humans)

= Assignment == Equality

if (a ==b) { //execute when the expression is true } else { //executes when the expression is false } ... or ... evaluate other mutually exclusively options:

if (a++b) {//some code} else if (a == c ) {// some code } else if (a == d ) { //some code } else {// catch all }

http://319.vm.epicservers.com/pizzapos/

!= < > <= >= !someBooleanValue - means NOT is True

Logical Operators used to combine multiple expressions / evaluation

&& - AND || - OR

Combine with parenthesis () for order of precedence

http://319.vm.epicservers.com/radiobutton/

Creating new DateTime objects DateTime myDateTime = DateTime.Now; DateTime myDateTime = DateTime("02/26/1986");

formatting...many options: myDateTime.To_____()

Retrieving Parts: myDateTime.Year // int myDateTime.Hour // int myDateTime.DayOfWeek // "Monday" myDateTime.DayOfYear // int 175

DateTime Math: myDateTime.AddHour (3) myDateTime.AddMinute (-5)

"Chaining" = using multiple helper methods together with the dot. operator myDateTime.AddHour(3).AddMinute(-5).ToString()

Create and initiliaze new TimeSpans

// Days.Hours:Minutes:Seconds.MIlliseconds TimeSpan myTimeSpan = TimeSpan.Parse("1.2:3:30.5");

DateTime myBirthday = DateTime.Parse("12/7/1969"); TimeSpan myAge = DateTime.Now.Subtract(myBirthday);

More info at http://is.gd/timespan

Get individual parts myAge.Hours myAge.Seconds

....or get Total elapsed time as a double representing both the number of days / hours/ etc/ AND Fractional values representing "left overs".

myTimeSpan.TotalDays // double myTimeSpan.TotalHours // double

http://is.gd./pagelifecycle

Concenate Strings

• +=

String.Format("Hello {0}. You are from {1}", "Joe", "Dallas")

Format Number String.Format (Reference Code: {0:000_000-0}" , 1234567) 123_456-7

Formatting Dates http://is.gd.formattingdates String.Format("Reference Date: {0:ddd - d,MM,YYYY}", someDate) Tue - 5,07,2014

Fomrattng Currency http://is.gd.formattingcurrency String.Format ("Total: {0:C}", totalAmount); $50,000.00

Indexes vs. Elements Accessor vs. Stored Values Indexes are zero based

Declaring Arrays string[] myArray = new string [3];

Declaring and initializing Arrays string[] myArray = new string [3] {"Moe", "Larry", "Curly"};

Setting / Getting Values string myString = myArray [1];// retrieve the second element myArray [0] = myString; // sets first element

Same as single dimensional...just requires more indexes (in dimensions) to get to the element

double[,] myArray = new double [2,3]; //contains 6 elements int [,,] rubicscube = new int [3,3,3] // contains 27 elements

rubicsCube [0,1,2]= 42; myInteger = rubicsCube [0,1,2];

http://319.vm.epicservers.com/EpicSpies/

Arrays are immutable = cannot be changed in memory HOWEVER .NET Framework providers helper methods to resize an array ... creates a new array and copies the old values into it.

Array.Resize (ref myArray, myArray.Lenght + 1);

// Get the highest index: int highestIndex = myArray.GetUpperBound(0); // 0 = dimension we want to retreive the // upper boundary for

//Arrays have other helper methods myArray.Sum() myArray.Min() myArray.Max() myArray.Average() Array.Sort(myArray) Array.Reverse(myArray)

Snippet: for [tab] [tab] then you can tab through the replaceable bits, hit enter to start writing code in the code block body.

for (int i= 0; i <10; i ++) { //your code here }

i - Any variable name

1st part - counter declaration, can be initialized to any number 2nd part - condition, can be any expression that equates to a bool 3rd part - increment i++ / decrement i --, can step more than 1 using +",

string[] names = new string [] {"Wolverine", "Cyclops", "Professor X", "Phoenix"};

for (int i = 0; i <names.Length; i ++) { //Cna search for a specific value if (names[i] == "Professor X") { //do something here // can break out of additinal iterations if you need to break;

} }

Random random = new Random (); // random.Next(lowerBounds, upperBounds) random.Next(1,100); // returns a value between 1 and 100

// is someExpression is already false, this will never execute while (someExpression) { // Code that would never affect whether // someExpression is true or false } //if someExpression is already false, this will run AT LEAST ONCE do{ //Code that would affect wether //someExpression is true or false }while (someExpression)

Different METHOD SIGNATURE , but same basic function. METHOD SIGNTATURE ..the number and type of parameters can have different return types.

Optional parameters provide default values when you define the method. So, if you dont supply a value, the default will be used.

private void myMethod(string myRequiredParam, int myOptionalParam -1, int myOtherOPtionalParam =5);

// Can be called....

myMethod("Hello Required Param!");

// or ...

myMethod("Hello Required Param!",100); // or... myMethod("Hello Required Param!",100,500); // you cannot skip an optional parameter: myMethod("Hello Required Param!",,500);//ERROR

allow us to send in parameter argument OUT OF ORDER! we just prefix the input parameter argument with the name of the parameter we're passing in. a colon, the the value:

myMethod (myOtherOptionalParam:500, myRequiredParam: "Hello Required Param", MyOptionalParam:100);

//You still have to pass in REQUIRED parameters.

Allows you to return a value the normal way AND return a value via a method parameter:

private bool myMethod(string myRequiredParam, out int myOptionalParam){}

int myValue =0; if (myMethod ("Some required text, out myValue)) return "hello World!":

http://319.vm.epicservers.com/MegaCasino/

// Escape Double Quotes string myString = "This is a double quote:\ ".";

//Accessing a specific character: myString[2]

//StartsWith(),EndsWith(), Contains() //Check to see if a given string has a set o f // characters beginning. end or somewhere inside. //Return true/ false

//IndexOf() //Find the index for one string inside of // another string. int myINdex = myString.IndexOf("howdy");

//Index(),Remove() //INserts adds characters starting ata given index // Remove removes characters starting at a given //index, and all the way through th elength you //input.

//Substring() //Retrieve Characters beginning ata given index //all the way through the length you input.

//Trim(), TrimStart(), TrimEnd() //Remove space character both, or just the start // or the end of the string.

//PadLeft(), PadRight() //Allow you to specify a length for a string //and a character o pad the string with if its //length is less than the specified length. myString - someValue.PadLeft(10,'#'); //Notice that we're inputting a char, not a sting // Therefore we have to use a single code quote ' not // a double quote.

//ToUpper(), ToLower() // Important! Compare two strings regardless of //the case, because in C#, two strings with //different cases are NOT equal/

//Replace() //Replace every ocurance of one string with //some other string. myString.Replace("$$$", myValue);

//Split() // Take a string and split it into many strings // and store them in a string array. string[] names = myString.Split(',');

//Concatenating strings, immutability //StringBuilder - memeory effiecient way of concatinating strings.

Class is a code block that defines a data type. an Object is an instance of a class. Metaphors: Blueprint vs Houses Recipe vs Cupcakes Patter vs Suit Cookie Cutter vs Cookies

Classes have members, like properties and Methods.

Properties define the attributes that are set on an instance of the class/ represent the "State" of the object. Yo cant set (assign) and get (retrieve) properties values on an object.

Methods define actions an instance of a class can perfomr, usually on th eobject instance itself.

You can create an instance of a class using the new keyword. Think: "factory".

You can access the members of an object by using the member access operator, the dot(.)

Conceptually, classes are delegated a responsibility in the system or represent some domain concept in the system.

Classes are ultimately custom data types, more complex that the simple datatypes we've worked with Therefore you can use them anywhere you use other data types (like as input parameters or return values from a methos.)

class Car { }

Autop Implemented Properties - simple properties prop [tab] [tab] [enter] [enter]

this keyword - Access a member of the current instance of the class.

public void myMethod() { this.Year =1976 }

An object reference variable holds a reference to an instantiated object in the computers memory.

MyClass myobject;

the new keyword creates an instance of the class and returns the address of the object in memory to the reference variable.

myObject = new myClass();

More than one object reference variable can hold an address to the object in memory

myClass myOtherObjectReference = myObject;

each time a new reference is added , the reference count increases by one. Each time an object reference variable goes out of scope or is set to nulkl, the reference count decrease by one

if the reference count is zero the .NET framework Runtime's Garbage Collector removes the object from memory at an indeterminate point in time in the future. You can take control of the finalization process and even handle events just before the object is removed. See: "deterministic finalization"

The .NET Framework consists of:

• Runtime (Common language runtime, CLR) "protective bubble", managesa memory, protects the users machine, etc.

• .NET Framework Class Lilbrary (FCL, Base Class Library, BCL) - thousands of classes built by Microsoft for every imaginable purpose.

• Compilers( C# compiler

http://v.gd/unicode

Namespaces disambiguate class names inside of class libraries or applications.

You must reference class names by thier full name:

System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.TextStringBuilder();

...or , you can employ a using directive at the top of the code file to instruct the complier to look in those namespaces to find the class that is referenced.

Using System.Text; ... StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

You must always do this if the code you're writinbg is outside of the namespace of the class you want to use, even if its in the same project

Add info here to get caught up

Add info here to get caught up

http://v.gd/access

Public -

constructors are called at the moment of instantiation. Used to put the new instance of the class into a valid state. public class Foo { public Foo() { ... } } whether you define it or not, there's a default constructor.You can override the default (no input parameters) or overload the constructor to allow the user to set the new instance to a valid stgate.

PascalCase - public camelCase - private, protected

Public lasses, methods and properties - PascalCase Private helper methods, input parameters - camelCase locally scoped variables - camelCase Private field - camelCase prefixed w/ underscore: _firstName

choose long, memorable , understandable names that convey meaning/intent.

Static members - no instance of the class required to call method

INstance member- must create a instance w/ new keyword to call methods and properties

can mix both in the same class, but cant reference instance members from inside of static members

Classes can be decorated w/ static keyword - all members must be static, cant create an instance of the class

System.Math

http://v.gd/static

}

Use Generic collections to work with items in a strongly typed fashion.

Better than arrays: Know the type of the item for a certainty, no casting/ converting better performance inserting/ removing/ updating collections provide more flexible options to access items in the collection, Allows for LINQ extension methods

Many different types of collections - specialties

"Generic Collections" List Dictionary <TKey,TValue> T => data type you need "You make a generic specific by providing a data type"

List - only store strings (strong typed) List - only styore Cars in that collection

//Assume i have three objects: car1, car2, car3 List cars = new List (); cars.Add(car1); cars.Add(car2); caRS.ADD(car3);

int numberOfCars = cars.Count; Car myCar = cars.ElementAt(1); //Return 2nd car in the collection

//Terminology: You access a member of a collection

//LINQ queries

Concise way to intiaialize a new object (or collection)with values.

//Didnt talk about this form:

Car car1 = new Car() {Make = "BMW", Model = "528i", Year = 2010, Color = "Black"};

//No local variable name for the new Car instance needed! cars.ADD (newCar() {Make = "BMW", Model = "528i", Year = 2010, Color = "Black"};

Shortcut to creat new instance of a generic collection and initialize it by Immediately adding new instances of a given type.

List cars = new LIst (){ new Car {Make = "BMW", Model = "528i", Year = 2010, Color = "Black"}, new Car {Make = "BMW", Model = "745Li", Year = 2008, Color = "Black"}; new Car Make = "Ford", Model = "Escape", Year = 2005, Color = "White"}; };

Dictionary allows you to use a key to access a member of the collection. Think ; Webster's dictionary.. the word (key) , then the definition (insatce of a given type) Key is anything meaningful in YOUR system. Key must be unique.

TKey => type of the key TValue

//Better way to access Dictionary... Car v2; if (cars.TryGetValue("V234", out v2)) { result += v2.Year; }

//Remove if(cars.Remove("V345")){ result += "Successfully removed car."; }

More elegant way of iterating through collections

Code Snippet: foreach [tab] [tab]